Download or read book Comparative Nutritional Ecology of Herbivorous Insects written by Jon Mark Scriber and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparative Nutritional Ecology of Herbivorous Insects written by Jon Mark Scriber and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional Ecology of Herbivores written by George C. Fahey and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Niches written by Paul Alvarado Lenhart and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how diversity is maintained is a classic question in ecology. A diverse group of organisms can often be found utilizing the same resource. For example, in grasslands there are communities of grasshoppers containing many generalist species with overlapping diets that are likely competing for resources. To explore how species that overlap in host plant use can coexist, I investigated a recent hypothesis in nutritional ecology that species-specific macronutrient requirements in generalist insect herbivores could represent different nutrient niches. As a model system I used a community of grasshoppers in Central Texas. First, I surveyed variation in plant macronutrient content and compared this data to the grasshopper community. By assaying levels of digestible protein and carbohydrate in abundant forbs and grasses at different sites, I produced a 'nutrient landscape' available to foraging herbivores and found significant correlations between plant nutrients and grasshopper abundance. To further explore the role of plant macronutrient shifts in controlling grasshopper populations, I manipulated water availability in plots of grassland during a severe drought. Total grasshopper density and diversity were lower in water-stressed plots despite previous observations of drought-induced outbreaks. The effect of water stressed plants on grasshoppers depended on their diet, and how different plant groups responded to water stress. I then compared host plant use to macronutrient requirements among 11 dominant grasshopper species. I found differences associated with functional diet groupings. I also found intake differences among mixed-feeders with highly overlapping diets, which could potentially represent nutrient niches. Finally, I tested the nutrient niche hypothesis in a greenhouse competition experiment using three species of generalist grasshoppers with overlapping diets. I found mixed support for the nutrient niche hypothesis. Body size was more important for predicting competitive outcomes. Understanding community-wide patterns of nutrient regulation in insect herbivores is in its infancy. While the plant nutrient landscape plays a large role in consumer populations, we are far from understanding how species-specific nutrient regulation differences might impact communities. Perhaps the potential effects of nutrient intake differences are inconsequential next to other ecological factors. Future comparative studies should determine what evolutionary factors shape nutrient requirements. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152808
Download or read book Nutritional Ecology of Insects Mites Spiders and Related Invertebrates written by Frank Slansky and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-03-23 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutritional ecology of insects, mites, spiders, and related invertebrates: an overview; Nutritional ecology of forb foliage-chewing insects; Nutritional ecology of insect folivores of woody plants: nitrogen, water, fiber, and mineral considerations; Nutritional ecology of grass foliage-chewing insects; Nutritional ecology of phytophagous mites; Nutritional ecology of lichen/moss arthropods; Nutritional ecology of arthropod gall makers; Nutritional ecology of bruchid beetles; Nutritional ecology of seed-sucking insects; Nutritional ecology of stored-product insects; Nutritional ecology of stored-product and house dust mites; Ecology of nectar and pollen feeding in lepidoptera; Nutritional ecology of bees; Nutritional ecology of phloem-feeding insects; Nutritional ecology of wood-feeding coleoptera, lepidoptera and hymenoptera; Nutritional ecology of termites; Nutritional ecology of terrestial insect predators; Nutritional ecology of aquatic insect predators; Nutritional ecology of phytoseiid mites; Nutritional ecology of spiders; Interrelationships of nutritional ecology of parasitoids; Conspecific tissues and secretions as sources of nutrition; Nutritional ecology of ectoparasitic insects; Nutritional ecology of blood-feeding diptera; Nutritional ecology of parasitic mites and ticks; Nutritional ecology of fungus-feeding arthropods; Nutritional ecology of soil arthropods; Nutritional ecology of dung and carrion-feeding insects; Nutritional ecology of cockroaches; Nutritional ecology of ants; Nutritional ecology of wool- and fur-feeding insects.
Download or read book Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems written by Robert Denno and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variable Plants and Herbivores in Natural and Managed Systems examines individual, population, species, and community responses of herbivores to plant variation, with emphasis on insects, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is divided into five parts encompassing 18 chapters that discuss variability as a mechanism of defense used by plants against their parasites and the effects of variability on herbivores at several different levels of complexity. After a brief discussion on plant-herbivore interactions, the first part of this book considers sources of within-plant variation and effects on the distribution and abundance of herbivores. Part II examines interplant variation, the co-evolutionary problems it poses for herbivores, and the ecological and evolutionary responses of these animals. It discusses the effects of host-plant variability on the fitness of sedentary herbivorous insects. Part III discusses the role of host variability in the evolution of feeding specialization, genetic differentiation, and race formation. The importance of host variation to the organization of herbivore communities and the manipulation of host-plant variability for the management of herbivore pest populations are presented in the remaining parts. This book will be helpful to agriculturists, silviculturists, biologists, and researchers who wish to expand their knowledge in dynamics of plant-herbivore relationships.
Download or read book Butterflies written by Carol L. Boggs and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight, the world's leading experts synthesize current knowledge of butterflies to show how the study of these fascinating creatures as model systems can lead to deeper understanding of ecological and evolutionary patterns and processes in general. The twenty-six chapters are organized into broad functional areas, covering the uses of butterflies in the study of behavior, ecology, genetics and evolution, systematics, and conservation biology. Especially in the context of the current biodiversity crisis, this book shows how results found with butterflies can help us understand large, rapid changes in the world we share with them—for example, geographic distributions of some butterflies have begun to shift in response to global warming, giving early evidence of climate change that scientists, politicians, and citizens alike should heed. The first international synthesis of butterfly biology in two decades, Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight offers students, scientists, and amateur naturalists a concise overview of the latest developments in the field. Furthermore, it articulates an exciting new perspective of the whole group of approximately 15,000 species of butterflies as a comprehensive model system for all the sciences concerned with biodiversity and its preservation. Contributors: Carol L. Boggs, Paul M. Brakefield, Adriana D. Briscoe, Dana L. Campbell, Elizabeth E. Crone, Mark Deering, Henri Descimon, Erika I. Deinert, Paul R. Ehrlich, John P. Fay, Richard ffrench-Constant, Sherri Fownes, Lawrence E. Gilbert, André Gilles, Ilkka Hanski, Jane K. Hill, Brian Huntley, Niklas Janz, Greg Kareofelas, Nusha Keyghobadi, P. Bernhard Koch, Claire Kremen, David C. Lees, Jean-François Martin, Antónia Monteiro, Paulo César Motta, Camille Parmesan, William D. Patterson, Naomi E. Pierce, Robert A. Raguso, Charles Lee Remington, Jens Roland, Ronald L. Rutowski, Cheryl B. Schultz, J. Mark Scriber, Arthur M. Shapiro, Michael C. Singer, Felix Sperling, Curtis Strobeck, Aram Stump, Chris D. Thomas, Richard VanBuskirk, Hans Van Dyck, Richard I. Vane-Wright, Ward B. Watt, Christer Wiklund, and Mark A. Willis
Download or read book Biochemical Interaction Between Plants and Insects written by James Wallace and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Botanists and zoologists have recognized for centuries the specificity of various insects for plants, and entomolo gists have long been aware that insects defend themselves from predators by emitting repulsive odors. Only recently have chemists and biologists established a joint endeavor for studying the chemical relationships between plants and insects. The present symposium volume of the Phytochemical Society of North America's RECENT ADVANCES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY consists of eight papers dealing with phytochemical relation ships between plants and their insect herbivores. The fifteenth P.S.N.A. annual symposium and meeting was held in August, 1975, on the campus of The University of South Florida, Tampa. The chemical defenses of apparent and unapparent plants were contrasted by Feeny. Rodreguiz and Levin illustrated parallel defense mechanisms of plants and insects and then Hendry, Kostelc, Hindenlang, Wichmann, Fix and Koreniowski discussed chemical messengers for both plants and insects. Subsequently Beck and Reese reviewed plant contributions to insect nutrition and metabolism. Indepth studies for the monarch butterfly-milkweed interaction were presented by Roeske, Seiber, Brower, and Moffitt and for the cotton boll weevil-cotton plant relationship by Hedin, Thompson, and Gueldner. In the latter portion of the symposium Rhoades and Cates presented a general theory concerning the coevolu tion of insects and plant antiherbivore chemistry.
Download or read book Catalog of Copyright Entries Third Series written by Library of Congress. Copyright Office and published by Copyright Office, Library of Congress. This book was released on 1977 with total page 1624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Outbreaks written by Bozzano G Luisa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FROM THE PREFACE: The abundance of insects can change dramatically from generation to generation; these generational changes may occur within a growing season or over a period of years. Such extraordinary density changes or "outbreaks" may be abrupt and ostensibly random, or population peaks may occur in a more or less cyclic fashion....The goal of this book is to update and advance current thinking on the phenomenon of insect outbreaks. The contributors have reviewed relevant literature in order to generate a synthesis providing new concepts and important alternatives for future research. More importantly, they have presented new ideas or syntheses that will stimulate advances in thinking and experimentation.
Download or read book Introduction to Forest and Shade Tree Insects written by Bozzano G Luisa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehenisive text approaches the subject from an ecological/evolutionary biological perspective. The assumption is that one cannot study forest insects without understanding the dynamics of the relationship between an insect and its host plant. This relationship includes knowing what factors control forest insect populations such as food, food quality, tree vigor, host selection, and symbiotic relationships. The authors also discuss tree-injuring insects from the perspective of their influence on tree physiology and growth as well as economic and commercial effects. The book represents a "modern" approach to the topic of forest and shade tree insects; is well-illustrated; and includes a comprehensive primary reference list.
Download or read book Nutritional Ecology of Heliconia Herbivores written by Michael J. Auerbach and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Insect Plant Associations written by S. Ahmed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to the meticulous and enthusiastic work of insect collectors and taxonomists over the past hundred years and more, we have today a large amount of information on the feeding habits and life styles of sev eral hundred thousands of insect species. Insects that feed on plants during at least one of their life stages constitute about half of the three-quarters of a million described species. Their numbers both in terms of species and individuals together with their small but macroscopic sizes makes the insect-plant biological interface perhaps the most conspicuous, diverse and largest assemblage of intimate interspecies interactions in existence. It is also perhaps the most important biological interface be cause of the plants' role as primary producers upon which all other forms of earthly life depend, thereby bringing herbivorous insects occasionally into direct competition with human food and fiber production. Early enthusiasm revealed many remarkable specializations and associ ations between insects and plants, and occasionally assigned chemical me diators for them. However, the modern practices of large scale crop pro tection by synthetic pesticides and their attendant problems, particularly with resistance in "pests" and destruction of natural enemies, have been in large measure responsible for drawing our attention to the mechanisms whereby plants control insect populations and insects adapt to the plants' defenses. These practices have also brought home the importance of chemical mediators in practically all aspects of insect activities and, in parti cular, the importance of plant allelochemicals in maintaining and balan cing insect-plant associations.
Download or read book Comparative nutritional ecology of grass feeding in a sub Antarctic beetle written by S.L. CHOWN and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regents Proceedings written by University of Michigan. Board of Regents and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Resource Distribution on Animal Plant Interactions written by Mark D. Hunter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed primarily at advanced graduate students and professional biologists, this book explores the degree to which animal*b1plant interactions are determined by plant and animal variability. Many of the patterns seen in natural communities appear to result from cascading effects up as well as down the trophic system. Variability among primary producers can influence animal and plant population quality and dynamics, community structure, and the evolution of animal*b1plant interations.
Download or read book Nutritional Factors Influencing Insect Populations in Organic Vs Conventionally Grown Collards written by Sanford D. Eigenbrode and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
