Download or read book Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine written by Marc D. Gellman and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non cognitive Skills and Factors in Educational Attainment written by Myint Swe Khine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses questions that lie at the core of research into education. It examines the way in which the institutional embeddedness and the social and ethnic composition of students affect educational performance, skill formation, and behavioral outcomes. It discusses the manner in which educational institutions accomplish social integration. It poses the question of whether they can reduce social inequality, – or whether they even facilitate the transformation of heterogeneity into social inequality. Divided into five parts, the volume offers new insights into the many factors, processes and policies that affect performance levels and social inequality in educational institutions. It presents current empirical work on social processes in educational institutions and their outcomes. While its main focus is on the primary and secondary level of education and on occupational training, the book also presents analyses of institutional effects on transitions from vocational training into tertiary educational institutions in an interdisciplinary and internationally comparative approach.
Download or read book Human Cognitive Abilities written by John Bissell Carroll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-01-29 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of more than seventy years of investigation, by factor analysis, of the varieties of cognitive abilities, are described with particular attention to abilities in language, thinking, memory, visual and auditory perception, creativity, etc.
Download or read book Cognitive Aging written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.
Download or read book Mild Cognitive Impairment Influencing Factors and Intervention Effects written by Ying Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-16 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the aging population degree is deepened, cognitive impairment has become a globally recognized public health problem. As an intermediate state from normal cognition (NC) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has a highly variable cognitive trajectory, which contains three outcomes: 1) progression to AD and other types of dementia; 2) Maintaining stability; 3) Reversal to NC. Reversal of cognitive function can be achieved by taking positive and effective measures. Current studies mostly focus on factors affecting MCI to AD. World Health Organization and Alzheimer’s Disease International have also proposed relatively mature guidelines for risk factors. However, there are still some influencing factors that have not yet formed a unified conclusion. In addition, there are fewer studies and no consensus on the influencing factors for MCI to NC. Current forms of intervention for MCI are mainly non-pharmacological interventions, and there is a lack of randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and longer intervention periods to confirm the effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence the transition from MCI to AD or NC in aging adults, and to examine how the influencing factors make the cognitive function of aging adults with MCI deteriorate, improve or even reverse to NC and how are their reversal rates. This includes effective measures proven through pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention studies and their impact on reversal. Influence factors include but are not limited to demographic factors (age, socioeconomic status, education), lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, nutrition, social participation), mental health (depression, loneliness), diseases (hypertension, diabetes, sleep disorders), biological markers (ß-amyloid, tau protein), and pharmacological factors (cholinesterase inhibitor, Aß monoclonal antibodies, drugs to rebalance the gut flora), etc., and submission of research results based on intervention trials is encouraged.
Download or read book Stereotypes as Explanations written by Craig McGarty and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereotyping is one of the biggest single issues in social psychology, but relatively little is known about how and why stereotypes form. This is the first book to explore the process of stereotype formation, the way that people develop impressions and views of social groups. Conventional approaches to stereotyping assume that stereotypes are based on erroneous and distorted processes, but the authors of this book take a very different view, namely that stereotypes form in order to explain aspects of social groups and in particular to explain relationships between groups.
Download or read book Human Factors of Visual and Cognitive Performance in Driving written by Candida Castro and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human error is involved in more than 90 percent of traffic accidents, and of those accidents, most are associated with visual distractions, or looking-but-failing-to-see errors. Human Factors of Visual and Cognitive Performance in Driving gathers knowledge from a human factors psychology standpoint and provides deeper insight into traffic -user beh
Download or read book Cognitive Enhancement written by Shira Knafo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Enhancement: Pharmacologic, Environmental and Genetic Factors addresses the gap that exists in research on the topic, gathering multidisciplinary knowledge and tools that help the reader understand the basics of cognitive enhancement. It also provides assistance in designing procedures and pharmacological approaches to further the use of novel cognitive enhancers, a field that offers potential benefit to a variety of populations, including those with neurologic and psychiatric disorders, mild aging-related cognitive impairment, and those who want to improve intellectual performance. The text builds on our knowledge of the molecular/cellular basis of cognitive function, offering the technological developments that may soon enhance cognition. Separate sections cover enhancement drugs, environmental conditions, and genetic factors in terms of both human and animal studies, including both healthy/young and aging/diseased individuals. Provides a multidisciplinary knowledge, enabling a further understanding of cognitive enhancement Offers coverage of the pharmacologic, environmental, and genetic factors relevant to the topic Discusses cognitive enhancement from the perspective of both healthy and diseased or aging populations Topics are discussed in terms of both human and animal studies
Download or read book Some Cognitive Factors Affecting Communication written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Web based Education written by Nikos Tsianos and published by IGI Global Snippet. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents theories and practical frameworks to assist educators and trainers in developing e-learning applications"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Cognitive Work Analysis written by and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) is a structured framework specifically developed for considering the development and analysis of complex socio-technical systems. Cognitive Work Analysis: Coping with Complexity contains a comprehensive description of CWA, introducing it to the uninitiated. It then presents a number of applications in complex military domains to explore the benefits of CWA and pays particular attention to investigating the CWA framework in its entirety.
Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
Download or read book Large Risks with Low Probabilities Perceptions and willingness to take preventive measures against flooding written by Tadeusz Tyszka and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains studies of one particular category of risky situations, namely, those involving highly negative consequences with low probabilities. Situations of this type involve both natural and man-made disasters (e.g. floods, technological hazards, economic crises, epidemics, etc.). Such risks are characterized by two features: (1) they occur relatively rarely (the probability of their occurrence is very low) and (2) they have extremely negative consequences (they are catastrophic). Such events generally cannot be prevented, but one can both try to anticipate them and undertake actions aimed at ameliorating their negative consequences. Consequently, the first part of the book is devoted to risk perception issues. It includes studies devoted to the following questions which arise when people have to deal with probabilities, and small probabilities in particular: How can probabilistic information be communicated effectively? What is the impact of emotions on perceptions of, and reactions to, probabilistic information? Other relevant issues are also discussed. The second part of the book is devoted to protection and insurance against risk. Thus, it includes studies answering the following questions: What determines a person’s willingness to take preventive actions in areas susceptible to severe flooding? How do people form their own risk estimates? Research presented in the book extends our knowledge of human behavior in situations characterized by large risks and low probabilities, leading to better comprehension of the functioning of cognitive and affective processes in perception and decision making in situations where uncertainty and risk are accompanied by highly negative consequences.
Download or read book Cognitive Approaches to Obsessions and Compulsions written by Randy O. Frost and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-05-31 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Approaches to Obsessions and Compulsions
Download or read book Cognitive Psychotherapy written by Carlo Perris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed in the early 1960s by Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis in the USA, mostly for the short-term treatment of patients suffering from emotional disorders, cognitive psychotherapy has rapidly expanded both in its scope and geographically. In fact, when attending recent European conferences relating to psychotherapy, for example, those organized by the European Association of Behaviour Therapy and the European Branch of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, the 13th International Congress of Psychotherapy, and the two international conferences on cognitive psychotherapy which took place in Lisbon in 1980 and in Umea in 1986, one could not but become aware of the active interest in cognitive theory and practice on the European continent. It is stimulating to find that cognitive approaches to the understanding of human emotion and behaviour, which find their origin in the writings of the ancients as well as in eighteenth-century philosophers, principally Kant, are no longer a strictly transatlantic movement. As the chapters of this handbook demonstrate, researchers and clinicians from many different European countries have been devel oping the theoretical aspects of the cognitive theory of the emotional disorders and applying it in their practice. These chapters can of course represent but a sample of all the work being carried out, but we hope that they will be both informative and stimulating to researchers and therapists on both sides of the Atlantic.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging written by Ayanna K. Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that normal aging is accompanied by cognitive change. Much of this change has been conceptualized as a decline in function. However, age-related changes are not universal, and decrements in older adult performance may be moderated by experience, genetics, and environmental factors. Cognitive aging research to date has also largely emphasized biological changes in the brain, with less evaluation of the range of external contributors to behavioral manifestations of age-related decrements in performance. This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge cognitive aging research through the lens of a life course perspective that takes into account both behavioral and neural changes. Focusing on the fundamental principles that characterize a life course approach - genetics, early life experiences, motivation, emotion, social contexts, and lifestyle interventions - this handbook is an essential resource for researchers in cognition, aging, and gerontology.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology written by Ronald Thomas Kellogg and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2007 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This clear and concise text offers undergraduate students a brief but solid introduction to the fundamental concepts of cognitive psychology. Integrating the latest developments in cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, emotion, and cognitive development throughout the text, author Ronald T. Kellogg provides a view of what is happening at the leading edge of the field today."--PUBLISHER'S WEBSITE.
