Download or read book Cognitive Aspects in Information Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognitive Development written by David Klahr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, the authors present a theory of cognitive development based upon an information-processing approach. This approach leads to the presentation of precise models of performance on a number of tasks derived from a set of critical quantitative concepts: elementary quantification, number concepts, conservation and transitivity. These models encompass both early and late developmental stages, and a process model of the developmental mechanism itself is outlined. Here is one of the first attempts to apply the information-processing view of cognitive psychology to developmental issues raised by empirical work in the Piagetian tradition. It includes an extensive analysis of the processing demands of several of the classic tasks and describes the development of a system capable of performing a wide range of other tasks, including the ability to be self-modifying. It provides an introduction to general concepts and detailed properties of cognitive models stated as production systems. It will be most valuable for students in cognitive development and related courses in developmental, cognitive, and educational psychology, as well as computer science.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Human Development written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2005-10-14 with total page 1617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of human development focuses on the growth and development of the human being including physical, social, psychological, and emotional development. Under the broad umbrella of the term human development you find countless topics that range from charting the emotional attachment of an infant to his or her parents and its long-term effects on well-being, media violence and adolescents′ behavior, or factors moderating the natural decline in physical and mental abilities associated with aging. The Encyclopedia of Human Development is the first comprehensive, authoritative, and informative reference work that presents state-of-the-art research and ready-to-use facts from the fields of psychology, individual and family studies, and education in a way that is not too technical. With more than 600 entries, this three-volume Encyclopedia covers topics as diverse as adolescence, cognitive development, education, family, gender differences, identity, longitudinal research, personality development, prenatal development, temperament, and more. Key Features Provides cross-disciplinary coverage, with contributions from experts in the fields of psychology, education, human development and family studies, and gerontology Highlights classic studies and theories and provides brief biographies of notable researchers and theorists Takes a lifespan approach by including several "anchor essays" that cover specific phases of development such as prenatal, infancy, childhood, adolescence, early and middle adulthood, later adulthood and aging Begins with an Introduction that details the scope, rationale, and audience for the work The cross-disciplinary field of human development is one that captures interest among and holds practical relevance for the general public as well as academia, therefore this engaging Encyclopedia will be a welcome addition to any academic or public library.
Download or read book Human Information Processing written by Barry H. Kantowitz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-14 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1974, this volume presents seven detailed views of human information processing at the time. While no single volume can do justice to the breadth of the area, it was hoped that the present selections reflected both the content and methodological approaches currently used by experimental psychologists concerned with the issues and problems of human information processing. The organization of the book is simple, proceeding from the human performance end of the continuum, an overview of which is given in the first chapter. Successive chapters are progressively more concerned with human cognition, and the last chapter gives an overview of human cognition. The intervening chapters are devoted to more specific topics and yield a detailed portrait of the models, findings, and methodology of human information processing.
Download or read book Cognitive Psychology and Information Processing written by R. Lachman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1979. Basic research, at its essence, is exploration of the unknown. When it is successful, isolated pieces of reality are deciphered and described. Most of the history of an empirical discipline consists of probes into this darkness-some bold, others careful and systematic. Most of these efforts are initially incorrect. At best, they are distant approximations to a reality that may not be correctly specified for centuries. How, then, can we describe the fragmented knowledge that characterizes a scientific discipline for most of its history? A dynamic field of science is held together by its paradigm. The author’s think it is essential to adequate scientific education to teach paradigms, and believe that there is an effective method. The method emphasizes the integral nature, rather than the objective correctness, of a given set of consensual commitments. They believe that paradigmatic content can be effectively combined with the technical research literature commonly presented in scientific texts. This book represents the culmination of those beliefs.
Download or read book Handbook of Economic Psychology written by W.F. Van Raaij and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea to publish a Handbook of Economic Psychology came up as a natural consequence of a discussion concerning appropriate reading material for courses in economic psychology. The discussion took place a few years ago in the Department of Economic Psychology at Tilburg University, The Netherlands. It was noted that there was a surprising lack of collections of pertinent readings, to say nothing about the lack of textbooks in the English language. So the present editors, who had been involved in the discussion, decided to start working on a Handbook. The situation has changed quite a lot since then. There are now a number of books, internationally available in the English language, in economic psy chology or behavioral economics. The interest in this field of study is expanding quite impressively. The Journal of Economic Psychology is now (1988) in its ninth volume and many other journals are publishing articles in the field. The application of psychological theories and methods to economic prob lems or the study of economic experiences and behavior is variously referred to as economic psychology or behavioral economics. While in principle we do not want to overdo the differences between the two, we have a feeling that economic psychology has a slightly stronger flavor of psychology than behavioral economics which in its turn seems to be closer to economics. Psychologists tend to feel more at home in economic psychology, while economists seem to favor behavioral economics.
Download or read book Cognitive Aspects of Human Computer Interaction for Geographic Information Systems written by T.L. Nyerges and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant part of understanding how people use geographic information and technology concerns human cognition. This book provides the first comprehensive in-depth examination of the cognitive aspects of human-computer interaction for geographic information systems (GIS). Cognitive aspects are treated in relation to individual, group, behavioral, institutional, and cultural perspectives. Extensions of GIS in the form of spatial decision support systems and SDSS for groups are part of the geographic information technology considered. Audience: Geographic information users, systems analysts and system designers, researchers in human-computer interaction will find this book an information resource for understanding cognitive aspects of geographic information technology use, and the methods appropriate for examining this use.
Download or read book Cognitive Factors in Information Processing written by Paul Morris Fitts and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general framework proposed to use in interpreting human information-processing behavior is that of a program for processing data. The term program as used in this report has essentially the same meaning, and is presumed to serve a similar function, as does the program which governs an electronic data-processing system or any organization of people engaged in a complex task or production. Reference to the analogy between human functions and a stored-program computer, as various writers have emphasized, permits us to talk about alternative processes or procedures for operating on data in complex ways, independently of the particular data on which these operations are performed or the particular system that is processing the data. (Author).
Download or read book The Aging Mind written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-04-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.
Download or read book Cognition and Safety written by Oliver Sträter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety suffers from the variety of methods and models that are used to assess human performance. For example, operation is concerned primarily with human error, while design deals with aligning the system to workload or situational awareness, and the gap between the two disassociates safety assessment from design. As a result, system design creates constraints for the operator working at the sharp-end, which will inevitably lead to human error. Accidents and incidents across all industries have demonstrated the safety significance of this gap. Cognition and Safety provides an integrated view of cognitive human issues to better enhance safety. It combines operational with design-related concepts of cognitive performance to provide an approach for safely managing cognitive issues throughout the lifecycle of a system, from operational to senior management levels. The book will be of direct interest to operational managers, designers, training specialists, safety managers and operational staff dealing with human factors and safety issues; scientists in the area of safety, ergonomics and human factors; regulators dealing with safety and human factors, and practitioners in the field of human reliability.
Download or read book Cognitive Aspects of Information Processing II Adjustments to Stimulus Redundancy written by P. M. Fitts and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognition Information Processing and Psychophysics written by Hans-Georg Geissler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new appreciation of constraints that bind mental processes together. Thus, this volume spans an extraordinary range of psychological topics, from hermeneutics to the time-quantum basis for mental processes, in a way that would both amaze and delight Fechner. Moreover, the international reach of his pioneering ideas can be seen from the current locations of the contributors. The span from Japan to the United States to Holland to Germany and to Israel provides a global measure of Fechner's scientific legacy.
Download or read book Information Adaptation The Interplay Between Shannon Information and Semantic Information in Cognition written by Hermann Haken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-04 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph demonstrates the interplay between Shannon information and semantic information in cognition. It shows that Shannon’s information acts as driving force for the formation of semantic information; and vice versa, namely, that semantic information participates in the formation of Shannonian information. The authors show that in cognition, Shannonian and semantic information are interrelated as two aspects of a cognitive process termed as information adaptation. In the latter the mind/brain adapts to the environment by the deflating and/or inflating of the information conveyed by the environment. In the process of information adaptation, quantitative variations in Shannon’s information entail different meanings while different meanings affect the quantity of information. The book illustrates the above conceptually and mathematically by reference to three cognitive processes: pattern recognition, face learning and the recognition of a moving object.
Download or read book Human Information Processing written by Douglas Vickers and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1989 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions in this volume report research on various aspects of the processing of information by human beings. The papers reflect orientations ranging from the broadly ecological to the highly abstract and formal. Their substantive concerns encompass questions of perception, action, and the mechanisms which mediate between them, and the papers are characterised generally by a close relationship between empirical findings and theoretical issues. This selection of papers on various aspects of human information processing reflects orientations ranging from the broadly ecological to the highly abstract and formal. The papers encompass questions of perception, action, and the mechanisms which mediate between them, and are characterised generally by a close relationship between empirical findings and theoretical issues. The papers fall into five main groups. The first is concerned with sensory and perceptual mechanisms and with the adaptation and control of physical movement; the second is concerned with the elementary processing of stimulus representation; the third with computational models of the processes involved in memorizing, recognizing, and recalling information; the fourth (small) group is concerned with the modelling of more molar decision behaviour; and finally, the fifth group is predominantly concerned with attempts to derive measures of intellectual performance which have explicit relationships to a theoretical account of elementary cognitive activity.
Download or read book Software Design Cognitive Aspect written by Francoise Detienne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering a variety of areas including software analysis, design, coding and maintenance, this text details the research conducted since the 1970s in this fast-developing field before going on to define a computer program from the viewpoint of computing and cognitive psychology. The two essential sides of programming, software production and software understanding, are given detailed treatment, with parallels drawn throughout between studies on processing texts written in natural language and processing computer programs. Of particular interest to researchers, practitioners and graduates in cognitive psychology, cognitive ergonomics and computer science.
Download or read book Information Processing and Cognition written by Robert L. Solso and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-01 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1975, this title presented current theories in information processing and cognition at the time. The topics fall into three major groups. The first section is concerned with the issues of perception and initial processing of visual material; the second section is addressed to problem of storage, retrieval, and consciousness in memory; the final section is related to the processing of language.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology written by Jeffrey Kreutzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia goes beyond other references in the field to offer concise and comprehensive coverage of assessment, treatment and rehabilitation in a single source, with more than fifteen hundred entries with linked cross-references and suggested readings.
