Download or read book Clitics Between Syntax and Lexicon written by Birgit Gerlach and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a typical interface phenomenon, clitics have become increasingly important in linguistic theory during the last decade. The present book contributes to the recent discussion and first provides a comprehensive overview of clitic sequencing, clitic placement and clitic doubling in the major Romance languages. In addition, new data from a northern Italian dialect are introduced. The author then gives a critical summary of the current morphological analyses of clitic phenomena. She also discusses recent Optimality-theoretical analyses of clitic combinations and clitic placement and shows how these analyses can be improved upon when we also consider a morphological treatment of clitics. This book provides innovative solutions to clitic phenomena within the framework of a constraint-based morphological theory and will be of interest not only to morphologists, syntacticians and those working on the grammar of Romance languages, but also to linguists who are interested in the organisation of the grammar and the lexicon.

Download or read book Clitics written by Andrew Spencer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most languages we find 'little words' which resemble a full word, but which cannot stand on their own. Instead they have to 'lean on' a neighbouring word, like the 'd, 've and unstressed 'em of Kim'd've helped'em ('Kim would have helped them'). These are clitics, and they are found in most of the world's languages. In English the clitic forms appear in the same place in the sentence that the full form of the word would appear in but in many languages clitics obey quite separate rules of placement. This book is the first introduction to clitics, providing a complete summary of their properties, their uses, the reasons why they are of interest to linguists and the various theoretical approaches that have been proposed for them. The book describes a whole host of clitic systems and presents data from over 100 languages.

Download or read book Clitics in Phonology Morphology and Syntax written by Birgit Gerlach and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2001-02-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains fourteen articles that reflect current ideas on the phonology, morphology, and syntax of clitics. It covers the forms and functions of clitics in various typologically diverse languages and presents data from, e.g. European Portuguese, Macedonian, and Yoruba. It extensively deals with the prosodic structure of clitics, their morphological status, clitic placement, and clitic doubling. The form and behavior of clitics with respect to tonal phenomena and in verse are discussed in two articles (Akinlabi & Liberman, Reindl & Franks). Other articles address the prosodic representation of clitics in Irish (Green), the differences in the acquisition of clitics and strong pronouns in Catalan (Escobar & Gavarro), the similarities between clitics and affixes or words in Romance and Bantu languages (Cocchi, Crysmann, Monachesi, Ortman & Popescu), the semantics of clitics in the Greek DP and in Spanish doubling (Alexiadou & Stavrou, Uriagereka), and complex problems concerning verbal clitics in Romanian and Balkan languages (Legendre, Spencer, Tomic).

Download or read book A Handbook of Slavic Clitics written by Steven Franks and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clitics are grammatical elements that are treated as independent words in syntax but form a phonological unit with the word that precedes or follows it. This volume brings together the facts about clitics in the Slavic languages, where they have become a focal points of recent research. The authors draw relevant generalizations across the Slavic languages and highlight the importance of these phenomena for linguistic theory.

Download or read book Clitics written by Joel Ashmore Nevis and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bibliography provides an alphabetical listing of over 1500 articles, books, and dissertations that treat in some way the topic of clitics and related matters, e.g. affixes, words, word order, movement, sandhi, etc. The beginning point for the bibliographic entries is 1892, taking Jacob Wackernagel's classic work as the point of departure, and the entries cover the subsequent 100-year period. Each entury is accompanied by a series of descriptors which give an indication of the content of the item. Nearly one-third of the book is a detailed analytic index, based on the descriptors, which can aid in topical searches for relevant material. Prefatory matter includes an essay “What is a Clitic?” by Arnold M. Zwicky, a brief consideration of Wackernagel's scholarly career by Brian D. Joseph, and information on the format and use of the book itself.

Download or read book Clitics in the wild written by Zrinka Kolaković and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collective monograph is the first data-oriented, empirical in-depth study of the system of clitics on Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. It fills the gap between the theoretical and normative literature by including solid data on variation found in dialects and spoken language and obtained from massive Web Corpora and speakers’ acceptability judgements. The authors investigate three primary sources of variation: inventory, placement and morphonological processes. A separate part of the book is dedicated to the phenomenon of clitic climbing, the major challenge for any syntactic theory. The theory of complexity serves as the explanation for the very diverse constraints on clitic climbing established in the empirical studies. It allows to construct a series of hierarchies where the factors relevant for predicting clitic climbing interact with each other. Thus, the study pushes our understanding of clitics away from fine-grained descriptions and syntactic generalisations towards a probabilistic modelling of syntax.

Download or read book Serbian Clitics written by Jasmina Milićević and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clitics, those “funny little words” like English contracted future tense and pluperfect tense/conditional mood markers (’ll and ’d) or French pronominal objects (le ‘him’, la ‘her’, lui ‘to him/her’, etc.), have long been a source of fascination for linguists. Lacking an inherent stress that characterizes “well-behaved” words, clitics prosodically depend on a stressed sentence element, called their host, which makes them look and, in some contexts, behave like affixes (parts of words). Some clitics, Serbian second-position clitics being the case in point, also obey stringent linear ordering rules, different from those holding for fully-fledged sentence elements. This monograph offers a comprehensive formalized description of second-position clitics in standard Serbian from the viewpoint of the Meaning-Text theory, an approach relying on syntactic dependencies and oriented towards speech production, which sets it apart from most contemporary frameworks. It will be of interest for general linguists, Slavists, and advanced learners of Serbian.

Download or read book The Syntax of Pronominal Clitics written by Hagit Borer and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-13 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preliminary Material /Hagit Borer --Introduction /Hagit Borer --Three Issues in the Theory of Clitics: Case, Doubled NPs, and Extraction /Osvaldo A. Jaeggli --Clitics in Yoruba /Douglas Pulleyblank --On Chain Formation /Luigi Rizzi --On the Derivation of en-Clitics /W. Neil Elliott --Cliticization from NPs in Czech and Comparable Phenomena in French and Italian /Jindřich Toman --Pronominal Clitic Clusters and Templates /J. Simpson and M. Withgott --Syntactic Cliticization and Lexical Cliticization: The Case of Hebrew Dative Clitics /Hagit Borer and Yosef Grodzinsky --The Interpretation and Acquisition of Italian Impersonal SI /Nina Hyams --On Italian SI /Maria Rita Manzini --On Some Properties of French Clitic Se /Eric Wehrli --Clitics in American Sign Language /Judy Anne Kegl --The Pronominal “Copula” as Agreement Clitic /Edit Doron --Subject Clitics and the NOM-Drop Parameter /Ken Safir --References /Hagit Borer --Index /Hagit Borer.

Download or read book Clitics written by Joel A. Nevis and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1994-10-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bibliography provides an alphabetical listing of over 1500 articles, books, and dissertations that treat in some way the topic of clitics and related matters, e.g. affixes, words, word order, movement, sandhi, etc. The beginning point for the bibliographic entries is 1892, taking Jacob Wackernagel's classic work as the point of departure, and the entries cover the subsequent 100-year period. Each entury is accompanied by a series of descriptors which give an indication of the content of the item. Nearly one-third of the book is a detailed analytic index, based on the descriptors, which can aid in topical searches for relevant material. Prefatory matter includes an essay “What is a Clitic?” by Arnold M. Zwicky, a brief consideration of Wackernagel's scholarly career by Brian D. Joseph, and information on the format and use of the book itself.

Download or read book Aspects of the Theory of Clitics written by Stephen Anderson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-09-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to cover the grammar of clitics from all points of view, including their phonology and syntax and relation to morphology. In the process, it deals with the relation of second position clitics to verb-second phenomena in Germanic and other languages, the grammar of contracted auxiliary verbs in English, noun incorporation constructions, and several other much discussed topics in grammar. Stephen Anderson includes analyses of a number of particular languages, and some of these - such as Kwakw'ala (“Kwakiutl”) and Surmiran Rumantsch - are based on his own field research. The study of clitics has broad implications for a general understanding of sentence structure in natural language. Stephen Anderson's clearly-written, wide-ranging, and original account will be of wide interest to scholars and advanced students of phonology, morphology, and syntax.

Download or read book Pronouns and Clitics in Early Language written by Pilar Larranaga and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional grammars have stated that clitics are subject or object pronouns whose distributional features make them different from personal pronouns. This book focuses on the acquisition of personal and demonstrative pronouns as well as clitics with respect to determinative phrases in a variety of languages of the Romance family and several indigenous languages, such as Quechua. A particularly original aspect of the present volume is that it not only addresses syntactic issues, but also semantic and pragmatic questions that have been widely neglected in the literature. It also reports on acquisition data of languages, such as Quechua, which have not attracted the attention of researchers until very recently.

Download or read book Clitics in Greek written by Marios Mavrogiorgos and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph investigates the morpho-syntactic and other properties of clitic pronouns in Greek and offers a grammar of proclisis and enclisis in light of Chomsky’s (1995, 2001a, 2005) Minimalist Program. It explores the nature of clitics as syntactic topicalizers which are probed by structurally higher verbal heads to which they move and into which they incorporate morpho-syntactically. A theory is advanced according to which cliticization derives from syntactic agreement between (the phi-features of) a clitic pronoun and a phase head, v* in the case of proclisis and CM in the case of enclisis. Incorporation of the clitic into its host is argued to depend on two factors, i.e. the fact that the clitic only contains a subset of the features of its host, and the fact that the edge of the host is accessible. Also, the syntax of strong pronouns and their relation to clitics, of negated imperatives, of surrogate imperatives and of free clitic ordering in Greek enclisis are also discussed. This monograph would appeal to syntacticians and morphologists as well as to those interested in Greek and more generally in clitic syntax.

Download or read book Clitics and Constituents in Phrase Structure Grammar written by Philip H. Miller and published by Philip Miller. This book was released on 1992 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Korean Morphosyntax Focusing on Clitics and Their Roles in Syntax written by Hee-Rahk Chae and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Korean Morphosyntax: Focusing on Clitics and Their Roles in Syntax presents a theory-neutral comprehensive analysis of Korean morphosyntax for advanced students and scholars of Korean language and linguistics. This book focuses on the morphosyntactic status of particles in Korean and highlights how this understanding allows for a proper analysis of sentences. As the significance of clitics in Korean has not been highlighted by previous works in such depth, this book offers the first comprehensive study of this aspect of the Korean language. The new observations offered here will allow readers to correctly identify the basic units of syntax and to properly analyze sentences in Korean. This book will be of interest to graduates and scholars interested in Korean linguistics and morphosyntax.

Download or read book The Acquisition of Scrambling and Cliticization written by S.M. Powers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-05-31 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers investigates two specific linguistic phenomena from the point of view of first- and second-language acquisition. While observations on the acquisition of scrambling or pronominal clitics can be found in the literature, up until the recent past they were sparse and often buried in other issues. This volume fills a long-existing gap in providing a collection of articles which focus on language acquisition but at the same time address the overarching syntactic issues involved (for example, the X-bar status of clitics, base-generation vs. movement accounts of scrambling). This volume contains an overview of L1 (and, in one case, L2) acquisition data from a number of different languages including Bernese, Swiss, German, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Swedish, as well as from several theoretical points of view with these two clause-internal processes at its center. These language acquisition data are considered to be crucial in the validation of analyses of these specific linguistic phenomena in adult grammars. The contributions in this volume include the earliest thoughts in this vein and, for this reason, should be viewed as a starting point for discussions within theoretical linguistics and language acquisition alike.

Download or read book On Clitics and Cliticization written by Judith L. Klavans and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1995. This investigation shows that cliticization is not a totally unified phenomenon. Asymmetries in the behaviour of phonological and syntactic clitics show that no single principle predicts all clitic behaviour. The study explores the idea that modifications to the original five parameter system of analysis can be altered to a more efficient analysis in terms of three parameters. This title will be of interest to students of phonetics and phonology.

Download or read book Developments in the Acquisition of Clitics written by Kleanthes K. Grohmann and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-17 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume presents new theoretical and empirical findings on the acquisition and development of clitics in and across different languages. It features ten chapters that largely emerged from the CYCL1A Workshop on the Acquisition of Clitics held in Nicosia, Cyprus, in May 2012. These chapters explore issues pertaining to the first (L1) and second language (L2) acquisition of clitic pronouns. There is an emphasis on Greek, with the first four chapters discussing mono- and bilingual acquisition of clitics in Cypriot Greek and the next two chapters on Standard Modern Greek. Three contributions focus on Albanian, Serbo-Croatian, and European Portuguese, respectively. The last chapter of this volume is an invited contribution by Ken Wexler on the Unique Checking Constraint as an explanation of clitic omission in normal and SLI development. This volume will constitute a valuable reference guide for current work on the acquisition of clitic pronouns.