Download or read book Reconstruction in Mississippi written by James Wilford Garner and published by Bowen Press. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RECONSTRUCTION IN MISSISSIPPI. Contents include: CHAPTER FIRST SECESSION AND CIVIL WAR I. The Rupture with the United States ...... 1 II, Waging War .......... 8 IIL Problems of Military Occupation ..... .29 IV. Political and Economic Activity during the War ... 38 CHAPTER SECOND THE TRANSITION FROM CIVIL WAR TO RECONSTRUCTION I. The Peace Sentiment ......... 61 II. The Collapse of the Confederacy ...... 56 IIL The Private Law Status during the War ..... 63 CHAPTER THIRD PRESIDENTIAL RECONSTRUCTION I. The Inauguration of the Presidential Policy in Mississippi . 76 II. The Reconstruction Convention of 1865 ..... 82 IIL Conflicts between the Civil and Military Authorities 96 IV, The Status of the Freedmen ....... 109 CHAPTER FOURTH THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF RECONSTRUCTION I. Economic Problems ......... 122 II. Reconstruction of the Postal and Railway Service . . .189 CHAPTER FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION I. The National Inquest ......... 147 II. The Reconstruction Arts ........ 166 III. Military Government Tinder Gonnal Ord ..... 161 xi FAOK IV. The Registration of the New Electorate 171 V. Party Politics in 1867 176 VI. Military Government under General Gillem ... 182 VII. The Reconstruction Convention of 1808 186 VIII. Party Politics in 1868 205 IX. The Removal of Governor Humphreys and the Appointment of General Ames 218 X. The Rejection of the Constitution 216 XI. The Mississippi Question in Congress 222 XII. Military Government under General Ames .... 228 XIII. Party Politics hi 1869. The Constitution ratiiled . .237 CHAPTER SIXTH THB FBEBDMENS BUREAU . ....... 249 CHAPTER SEVENTH THB RjffiSSTABLISHMBNT OF CXVXL GOVKBNMNT I. The Final Act of Reconstruction ...... 260 II.Readmission to the Union ........ 272 in. The Inauguration of a Civil Governor ... 1 277 IV. Reorganization under the Reconstruction Constitution CHAPTER EIGHTH THB GAMBIT-BAG I-The Election of General Ames as Civil Governor . . . 2 K II. The Inauguration of the Ames Administration 204 III. Local Government under Republican Rule . .,306 IV. State Expenditures . . . ., . f I4 V. Unpopular Legislation ... 324 VI. The Vicksburg Troubles ..... 328 CHAPTER NINTH THE KOKI DX DISXUKBANCBS IK MISSISSIPPI CHAPTER TENTH EDUCATIONAL REOOWBTBUOTION 54 CHAPTER ELEVENTH THE REVOLUTION PJLOX I. The Election Campaign of 1875 372 II. Riots and Disturbances during 1875 ...... 375 III. Preparations for War 382 IV. The Triumph of the Democracy 389 V. The Impeachment of State Officials 401 VI. The Completion of the Revolution 410 RECONSTRUCTION IN MISSISSIPPI. CHAPTER FIRST. SECESSION AND CIVIL WAR I. THE RUPTURE WITH THE UNITED STATES. IT is necessary to a correct understanding 1 of the history of the period which it is proposed to cover in this chapter to review briefly the steps leading up to the beginning of hostilities with the United States. The perpetuation and extension of the system of negro slavery, the real cause of the Civil War, was declared by the Supreme Court of Mississippi in 1837 to be a part of the public policy of the state. 1 Three years before this deci sion was made, the people of the state repudiated unequivo cally the doctrine of nullification and secession. On the 9th of June, 1884, the Democratic state convention, pre sided over by General Thomas Hinds, unanimously resolved that a constitutional right of secession from the Union, on the part of a single state as asserted by thenullifying leaders of South Carolina, is utterly unsanctioned by the Constitution, which was framed to establish, not to destroy, the Union. 2 Secession in Mississippi was nothing more than an abstract question, until the adoption by Congress of the policy of excluding slavery from the territories. What is believed to have been the first organized opposition to this policy was made by a state convention at Jackson in Octo ber, 1849...

Download or read book Mississippi in the Civil War written by Timothy B. Smith and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2010-04-08 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Mississippi in the Civil War: The Home Front, Timothy B. Smith examines Mississippi's Civil War defeat by both outside and inside forces. From without, the Union army dismantled the state's political system, infrastructure, economy, and fighting capability. The state saw extensive military operations, destruction, and bloodshed within her borders. One of the most frightful and extended sieges of the war ended in a crucial Confederate defeat at Vicksburg, the capstone to a tremendous Union campaign. As Confederate forces and Mississippi became overwhelmed militarily, the populace's morale began to crumble. Realizing that the enemy could roll unchecked over the state, civilians, Smith argues, began to lose the will to continue the struggle. Many white Confederates chose to return to the Union rather than see continued destruction in the name of a victory that seemed ever more improbable. When the tide turned, Unionists and African Americans boldly stepped up their endeavors. The result, Smith finds, was a state vanquished and destined to endure suffering far into its future. The first examination of the state's Civil War home front in seventy years, this book tells the story of all classes of Mississippians during the war, focusing new light on previously neglected groups such as women and African Americans. The result is a revelation of the heart of a populace facing the devastating impact of total war.

Download or read book Rednecks Redeemers and Race written by Stephen Cresswell and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2021-01-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the paradoxical time when the state's technology advanced and race relations deteriorated

Download or read book Redemption written by Nicholas Lemann and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2007-08-21 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A century after Appomattox, the civil rights movement won full citizenship for black Americans in the South. It should not have been necessary: by 1870 those rights were set in the Constitution. This is the story of the terrorist campaign that took them away. Nicholas Lemann opens his extraordinary new book with a riveting account of the horrific events of Easter 1873 in Colfax, Louisiana, where a white militia of Confederate veterans-turned-vigilantes attacked the black community there and massacred hundreds of people in a gruesome killing spree. This was the start of an insurgency that changed the course of American history: for the next few years white Southern Democrats waged a campaign of political terrorism aiming to overturn the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and challenge President Grant'ssupport for the emergent structures of black political power. The remorseless strategy of well-financed "White Line" organizations was to create chaos and keep blacks from voting out of fear for their lives and livelihoods. Redemption is the first book to describe in uncompromising detail this organized racial violence, which reached its apogee in Mississippi in 1875. Lemann bases his devastating account on a wealth of military records, congressional investigations, memoirs, press reports, and the invaluable papers of Adelbert Ames, the war hero from Maine who was Mississippi's governor at the time. When Ames pleaded with Grant for federal troops who could thwart the white terrorists violently disrupting Republican political activities, Grant wavered, and the result was a bloody, corrupt election in which Mississippi was "redeemed"—that is, returned to white control. Redemption makes clear that this is what led to the death of Reconstruction—and of the rights encoded in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. We are still living with the consequences.

Download or read book Forgotten Time written by John C. Willis and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the lives of individuals - freedmen, planters, and merchants - Willis explores the reciprocal interests of former slaves and former slaveholders. He shows how, in a cruel irony replicated in other areas of the South, the backbreaking work that African Americans did to clear, settle, and farm the land away from the river made the land ultimately too valuable for them to retain.

Download or read book The Free State of Jones written by Victoria E. Bynum and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-02-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across a century, Victoria Bynum reinterprets the cultural, social, and political meaning of Mississippi's longest civil war, waged in the Free State of Jones, the southeastern Mississippi county that was home to a Unionist stronghold during the Civil War and home to a large and complex mixed-race community in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Download or read book The Free State of Jones Movie Edition written by Victoria E. Bynum and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between late 1863 and mid-1864, an armed band of Confederate deserters battled Confederate cavalry in the Piney Woods region of Jones County, Mississippi. Calling themselves the Knight Company after their captain, Newton Knight, they set up headquarters in the swamps of the Leaf River, where they declared their loyalty to the U.S. government. The story of the Jones County rebellion is well known among Mississippians, and debate over whether the county actually seceded from the state during the war has smoldered for more than a century. Adding further controversy to the legend is the story of Newt Knight's interracial romance with his wartime accomplice, Rachel, a slave. From their relationship there developed a mixed-race community that endured long after the Civil War had ended, and the ambiguous racial identity of their descendants confounded the rules of segregated Mississippi well into the twentieth century. Victoria Bynum traces the origins and legacy of the Jones County uprising from the American Revolution to the modern civil rights movement. In bridging the gap between the legendary and the real Free State of Jones, she shows how the legend--what was told, what was embellished, and what was left out--reveals a great deal about the South's transition from slavery to segregation; the racial, gender, and class politics of the period; and the contingent nature of history and memory. In a new afterword, Bynum updates readers on recent scholarship, current issues of race and Southern heritage, and the coming movie that make this Civil War story essential reading. The Free State of Jones film, starring Matthew McConaughey, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, and Keri Russell, will be released in May 2016.

Download or read book Freedom s Women written by Noralee Frankel and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Frankel's scholarship in this carefully researched and clearly written study is impressive.... The study is thoroughly documented with 70 pages of footnotes and a 14-page bibliography, refleccting Frankel's grasp of the secondary literature as well as extensive work in primary documents." -- Choice Freedom's Women examines African American women's experiences during the Civil War and early Reconstruction years in Mississippi. Exploring issues of family and work, the author shows how African American women's attempts to achieve more control over their lives shaped their attitudes toward work, marriage, family, and community.

Download or read book The Civil War and Reconstruction in Indian Territory written by Bradley R. Clampitt and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2015-12 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Indian Territory the Civil War is a story best told through shades of gray rather than black and white or heroes and villains. Since neutrality appeared virtually impossible, the vast majority of territory residents chose a side, doing so for myriad reasons and not necessarily out of affection for either the Union or the Confederacy. Indigenous residents found themselves fighting to protect their unusual dual status as communities distinct from the American citizenry yet legal wards of the federal government. The Civil War and Reconstruction in Indian Territory is a nuanced and authoritative examination of the layers of conflicts both on and off the Civil War battlefield. It examines the military front and the home front; the experiences of the Five Nations and those of the agency tribes in the western portion of the territory; the severe conflicts between Native Americans and the federal government and between Indian nations and their former slaves during and beyond the Reconstruction years; and the concept of memory as viewed through the lenses of Native American oral traditions and the modern evolution of public history. These carefully crafted essays by leading scholars such as Amanda Cobb-Greetham, Clarissa Confer, Richard B. McCaslin, Linda W. Reese, and F. Todd Smith will help teachers and students better understand the Civil War, Native American history, and Oklahoma history.

Download or read book From Cotton Field to Schoolhouse written by Christopher M. Span and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years immediately following the Civil War_the formative years for an emerging society of freed African Americans in Mississippi_there was much debate over the general purpose of black schools and who would control them. From Cotton Field to Scho

Download or read book Reading Reconstruction written by Kathryn B. McKee and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kathryn B. McKee’s Reading Reconstruction situates Mississippi writer Katharine Sherwood Bonner McDowell (1849–1883) as an astute cultural observer throughout the 1870s and 1880s who portrayed the discord and uneasiness of the Reconstruction era in her fiction and nonfiction works. McKee reveals conflicts in Bonner’s writing as her newfound feminism clashes with her resurgent racism, two forces widely prevalent and persistently oppositional throughout the late nineteenth century. Reading Reconstruction begins by tracing the historical contexts that defined Bonner’s life in postwar Holly Springs. McKee explores how questions of race, gender, and national citizenship permeated Bonner’s social milieu and provided subject matter for her literary works. Examining Bonner’s writing across multiple genres, McKee finds that the author’s wry but dark humor satirizes the foibles and inconsistencies of southern culture. Bonner’s travel letters, first from Boston and then from the capitals of Europe, show her both embracing and performing her role as a southern woman, before coming to see herself as simply “American” when abroad. Like unto Like, the single novel she published in her lifetime, directly engages with Mississippi’s postbellum political life, especially its racial violence and the rise of Lost Cause ideology. Her two short story collections, including the raucously comic pieces in Dialect Tales and the more nostalgic Suwanee River Tales, indicate her consistent absorption in the debates of her time, as she ponders shifting definitions of citizenship, questions the evolving rhetoric of postwar reconciliation, and readily employs humor to disrupt conventional domestic scenarios and gender roles. In the end, Bonner’s writing offers a telling index of the paradoxes and irresolution of the period, advocating for a feminist reinterpretation of traditional gender hierarchies, but verging only reluctantly on the questions of racial equality that nonetheless unsettle her plots. By challenging traditional readings of postbellum southern literature, McKee offers a long-overdue reassessment of Sherwood Bonner’s place in American literary history.

Download or read book Pike County Mississippi 1798 1876 written by Luke Ward Conerly and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book They Left Great Marks on Me written by Kidada E. Williams and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Well after slavery was abolished, its legacy of violence left deep wounds on African Americans' bodies, minds, and lives. For many victims and witnesses of the assaults, rapes, murders, nightrides, lynchings, and other bloody acts that followed, the suffering this violence engendered was at once too painful to put into words yet too horrible to suppress. Despite the trauma it could incur, many African Americans opted to publicize their experiences by testifying about the violence they endured and witnessed." "In this evocative and deeply moving history, Kidada Williams examines African Americans' testimonies about racial violence. By using both oral and print culture to testify about violence, victims and witnesses hoped they would be able to graphically disseminate enough knowledge about its occurrence that federal officials and the American people would be inspired bear witness to thier suffering and support their demands for justice. In the process of testifying, these people created a vernacular history of the violence they endured and witnessed, as well as the identities that grew from the experience of violence. This history fostered an oppositional consciousness to racial violence that inspired African Americans to form and support campaigns to end violence. The resulting crusades against racial violence became one of the political training grounds for the civil rights movement." -- Book Cover.

Download or read book Dignity of Duty written by Erasmus Corwin Gilbreath and published by Pritzker Military Museum and Library. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published 117 years after his death, the journals of the American soldier Erasmus Corwin Gilbreath provide a compelling vantage point by which to view contemporary American history. They tell, first and foremost, a tale of war in which there is no glory—only carnage and death. Through Gilbreath’s firsthand accounts we get a sense of what life was like during the Civil War, the Indian Wars, and the War with Spain from an accomplished field officer, rather than from high command. Gilbreath illuminates the true horrors of war in the 19th Century for soldiers—boredom, fatigue, death, and crude medical care for the wounded—and their families, as Gilbreath’s wife and children followed him wherever his orders would lead, enduring the primitive conditions they found along the way. From his instrumental role in raising a company that would become part of the 20th Indiana Volunteer Infantry, to his death while serving with the 11th U.S. Infantry in Puerto Rico at the tail end of the Spanish–American War, Gilbreath’s life exemplifies the dignity of his service and the importance he placed on duty to his nation. In his journals, Gilbreath paints a vivid picture of the turmoil and change that was 19th Century America. Passages such as the lyric firsthand account of the Battle of the Ironclads or his reconnecting with a fellow Gettysburg veteran in Chicago 21 years after the battle are beautifully written, and carry a personal and emotional gravity that are found in the best literary works. Gilbreath is one of America’s sons, a proud citizen soldier who helped to forge the United States, and we are truly fortunate that his legacy lives on in these pages.

Download or read book Worse Than Slavery written by David M. Oshinsky and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997-04-22 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this sensitively told tale of suffering, brutality, and inhumanity, Worse Than Slavery is an epic history of race and punishment in the deepest South from emancipation to the Civil Rights Era—and beyond. Immortalized in blues songs and movies like Cool Hand Luke and The Defiant Ones, Mississippi’s infamous Parchman State Penitentiary was, in the pre-civil rights south, synonymous with cruelty. Now, noted historian David Oshinsky gives us the true story of the notorious prison, drawing on police records, prison documents, folklore, blues songs, and oral history, from the days of cotton-field chain gangs to the 1960s, when Parchman was used to break the wills of civil rights workers who journeyed south on Freedom Rides.

Download or read book Your Heritage Will Still Remain written by Michael J. Goleman and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Your Heritage Will Still Remain details how Mississippians, black and white, constructed their social identity in the aftermath of the crises that transformed the state beginning with the sectional conflict and ending in the late nineteenth century. Michael J. Goleman focuses primarily on how Mississippians thought of their place: as Americans, as Confederates, or as both. In the midst of secession, white Mississippians held firm to an American identity and easily transformed it into a Confederate identity venerating their version of American heritage. After the war, black Mississippians tried to etch their place within the Union and as part of transformed American society. Yet they continually faced white supremacist hatred and backlash. During Reconstruction, radical transformations within the state forced all Mississippians to embrace, deny, or rethink their standing within the Union. Tracing the evolution of Mississippians' social identity from 1850 through the end of the century uncovers why white Mississippians felt the need to create the Lost Cause legend. With personal letters, diaries and journals, newspaper editorials, traveler's accounts, memoirs, reminiscences, and personal histories as its sources, Your Heritage Will Still Remain offers insights into the white creation of Mississippi's Lost Cause and into the battle for black social identity. It goes on to show how these cultural hallmarks continue to impact the state even now.

Download or read book Reconstruction written by Eric Foner and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2011-12-13 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the "preeminent historian of Reconstruction" (New York Times Book Review), a newly updated edition of the prize-winning classic work on the post-Civil War period which shaped modern America, with a new introduction from the author. Eric Foner's "masterful treatment of one of the most complex periods of American history" (New Republic) redefined how the post-Civil War period was viewed. Reconstruction chronicles the way in which Americans—black and white—responded to the unprecedented changes unleashed by the war and the end of slavery. It addresses the ways in which the emancipated slaves' quest for economic autonomy and equal citizenship shaped the political agenda of Reconstruction; the remodeling of Southern society and the place of planters, merchants, and small farmers within it; the evolution of racial attitudes and patterns of race relations; and the emergence of a national state possessing vastly expanded authority and committed, for a time, to the principle of equal rights for all Americans. This "smart book of enormous strengths" (Boston Globe) remains the standard work on the wrenching post-Civil War period—an era whose legacy still reverberates in the United States today.