Download or read book Circulating the Code written by Ting Zhang and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrary to longtime assumptions about the insular nature of imperial China’s legal system, Circulating the Code demonstrates that in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) most legal books were commercially published and available to anyone who could afford to buy them. Publishers not only extended circulation of the dynastic code and other legal texts but also enhanced the judicial authority of case precedents and unofficial legal commentaries by making them more broadly available in convenient formats. As a result, the laws no longer represented privileged knowledge monopolized by the imperial state and elites. Trade in commercial legal imprints contributed to the formation of a new legal culture that included the free flow of accurate information, the rise of nonofficial legal experts, a large law-savvy population, and a high litigation rate. Comparing different official and commercial editions of the Qing Code, popular handbooks for amateur legal practitioners, and manuals for community legal lectures, Ting Zhang demonstrates how the dissemination of legal information transformed Chinese law, judicial authority, and popular legal consciousness.
Download or read book The Rationale of Circulating Numbers written by Henry Clarke and published by . This book was released on 1777 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Circulating Atmospheres written by Ian N. James and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-10-19 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced undergraduate text on the large scale circulation of the atmosphere.
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Therapeutic targeting of circulating tumor cells written by Michael R. King and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been increased interest in circulating tumor cells (CTC), as a diagnostic readout of disease progression, and a tool for personalized medicine. The next generation of therapy for metastatic cancer may well involve neutralizing CTC as a means to prevent metastasis. In this topic we focus on recent research exploring this concept.
Download or read book Circulating Nucleic Acids in Serum and Plasma CNAPS IX written by Peter B. Gahan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book will present the progress made since the last meeting in fall 2013 concerning the analysis of circulating extra-cellular nucleic acids. There are a modest number of laboratories involved in this field, nevertheless the number of papers published by researchers is extensive. The articles which will be published in this meeting report will be a valuable contribution for researchers and research students alike and will help them to stay on top of the developments in different research areas and to „cross borders“ between them.
Download or read book Quantification of Circulating Proteins written by Wim Th. Hermens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Less than 50 years ago it was discovered that steady-state protein concentrations in plasma are the net result of continuous elimination and synthesis of protein molecules. The first quanti tative studies on the turnover and distribution of plasma pro teins were made around 1950, after the introduction of radio labeled protein preparations. Around 1970, another development in quantitative interpre tation of circulating proteins was initiated in clinical enzy mology. Estimation of cumulative release into plasma of cellular enzymes can be helpful in a variety of diseases to assess the extent of tissue damage and to evaluate therapy. Enzymes can be considered as biological tracers, i.e. minute quantities of protein can be accurately determined by their spe cific catalytic activities. However, radioactive tracers permit direct estimates of turnover and distr ibution by measurement of excreted radioactivity, possibilities that are not available for enzymes. Consequently, only a few techniques used in tracer studies with radiolabeled proteins can be applied to circulating tissue enzymes and this may explain the lack of communication between the fields of plasma protein metabolism and quantitative clinical enzymology. In the present study a summary is given of the basic methods used in both fields, with emphasis on the equivalence of various models and formalisms used by different authors. It is shown that major limitations in the study of circulating tissue enzymes can be overcome if two different, but simultaneously released, en zymes can be measured. The resulting method will also be applied to plasma protein metabolism.
Download or read book Circulating microRNAs in Disease Diagnostics and their Potential Biological Relevance written by Peter Igaz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroRNAs as the endogenous mediators of RNA interference have experienced an unprecedented career in recent years, highlighting their pathogenic, diagnostic and potential therapeutic relevance. Beside tissue microRNAs, they are also found in body fluids, most notably in blood. Significant differences of circulating microRNA levels have been found in various diseases, making them candidates for minimally invasive markers of disease, for example tumor malignancy. The book focuses on the potential diagnostic applicability of circulating microRNAs in various diseases and their potential biological significance.
Download or read book Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum written by Peter B. Gahan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-08 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA and RNA fractions have been isolated from the whole blood, serum, plasma, the surface of blood cells, urine, saliva and spinal fluid from both healthy individuals and clinical patients. Recent developments are presented concerning the isolation, quantification and analysis of these molecules and their use in the identification of specific nucleic acid fragments related to a variety of clinical disorders thereby permitting their early diagnosis and prognosis.
Download or read book Impact of Circulating Tumor DNA ctDNA in Patients with Gastrointestinal Malignancies written by Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Minimal Residual Disease and Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer written by Michail Ignatiadis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book provides up-to-date information on a series of topical issues relating to the approach to minimal residual disease in breast cancer patients. It first explains how the study of minimal residual disease and circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) can assist in the understanding of breast cancer metastasis. A series of chapters then discuss the various technologies available for the detection and characterization of CTCs and DTCs, pinpointing their merits and limitations. Detailed consideration is given to the relevance of CTCs and DTCs, and their detection, to clinical research and practice. The role of other blood-based biomarkers is also addressed, and the closing chapters debate the challenges facing drug and biomarker co-development and the use of CTCs for companion diagnostic development. This book will be of interest and assistance to all who are engaged in the modern management of breast cancer.
Download or read book Circulating Tumor Cells written by Z. Hugh Fan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), their isolation method and analysis, and commercially available platforms Presents the historical perspective and the overview of the field of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) Discusses the state-of-art methods for CTC isolation, ranging from the macro- to micro-scale, from positive concentration to negative depletion, and from biological-property-enabled to physical-property-based approaches Details commercially available CTC platforms Describes post-isolation analysis and clinical translation Provides a glossary of scientific terms related to CTCs
Download or read book A paper on the circulating medium on seignorage on gold coin and on the statute entitled An act to regulate the issue of bank notes written by Alexander Gibbon and published by . This book was released on 1856 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Banking Law of New York written by Amasa Junius Parker and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Northwestern Reporter written by and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 2336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parliamentary Debates Hansard written by New Zealand. Parliament and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statutory Revision of the Laws of New York Affecting Banks Banking and Trust Companies Enacted in 1892 and Amended in 1893 and 1905 written by Andrew Hamilton and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
