Download or read book Circadian Control of Immunity written by Koichi Ikuta and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-02-03 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). We hereby state publicly that the IUIS has had no editorial input in articles included in this Research Topic, thus ensuring that all aspects of this Research Topic are evaluated objectively, unbiased by any specific policy or opinion of the IUIS.
Download or read book Circadian Regulation of Innate Immunity and MicroRNAs in Drosophila Melanogaster written by Jung-Eun Lee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main parts of my thesis are studies aimed at investigating circadian regulation of innate immunity using Drosophila as a model system. In unrelated work, I also participated in a collaborative study showing circadian regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in Drosophila. We sought to determine if the innate immune response is under circadian regulation and whether this impacts overall health status. To this end, Drosophila was infected with the human opportunistic pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model system. The results show that the survival rates of wild-type flies vary as a function of when during the day they are infected, peaking in the middle of the night. Also the kinetics of bacterial growth and the expression of a limited number of innate immunity genes correlate with time-of-day effects on survival. Our findings suggest that medical intervention strategies incorporating chronobiological considerations could enhance the innate immune response, boosting the efficacy of combating pathogenic infections. This study also led us to a second study where we characterized the innate immune response in the Drosophila head. We showed that the innate immunity pathway in the head is similar to the well described pathway in the body. Furthermore, the pericerebral fat body in the head or neurons are sufficient to combat bacterial infections, independent of the abdominal fat body. Our findings suggest that the pericerebral fat body may provide a fast and local immune response in the head, improving the survival outcome of Drosophila. A minor aspect of my thesis work was unrelated to host defense. In this study, we used Drosophila to investigate the possibility that circadian clocks regulate the expression of miRNAs. From the analysis of microarray data, we found two miRNAs (dme-miR-263a and -263b) that exhibit robust daily changes in abundance in adult heads of wild-type flies that are abolished in the cyc01 mutant. Our results suggest that cycling miRNAs contribute to daily changes in mRNA and/or protein levels in Drosophila.
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Download or read book Chronotherapeutics written by P. H. Redfern and published by Pharmaceutical Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In nature, many physical processes are governed by the passage of time. The study of these processes - chronobiology - reveals rhythmic patterns which may be yearly, monthly, daily or more frequent. Novel drug delivery systems are currently being delivered that will release varying quantities of a drug at optimum times to coincide with these rhythmic patterns.Chronotherapeutics considers the pharmaceutical and therapeutic implications associated with biological clocks. The book presents a comprehensive discussion of specific diseases that are time dependent, and the drugs and new drug formulations that can be used as treatments.Written by leading international experts in the field, Chronotherapeutics provides up-to-date information on chronobiology for non-chronobiologists in pharmaceutical and medical sciences. Peter Redfern is Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Bath, UK.
Download or read book Circadian Medicine written by Christopher S. Colwell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Circadian rhythms, the biological oscillations based around our 24-hour clock, have a profound effect on human physiology and healthy cellular function. Circadian Rhythms: Health and Disease is a wide-ranging foundational text that provides students and researchers with valuable information on the molecular and genetic underpinnings of circadian rhythms and looks at the impacts of disruption in our biological clocks in health and disease. Circadian Rhythms opens with chapters that lay the fundamental groundwork on circadian rhythm biology. Section II looks at the impact of circadian rhythms on major organ systems. Section III then turns its focus to the central nervous system. The book then closes with a look at the role of biological rhythms in aging and neurodegeneration. Written in an accessible and informative style, Circadian Rhythms: Health and Disease,will be an invaluable resource and entry point into this fascinating interdisciplinary field that brings together aspects of neuroscience, cell and molecular biology, and physiology.
Download or read book The Circadian Clock written by Urs Albrecht and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-23 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the invitation to edit this volume, I wanted to take the opportunity to assemble reviews on different aspects of circadian clocks and rhythms. Although most c- tributions in this volume focus on mammalian circadian clocks, the historical int- duction and comparative clocks section illustrate the importance of various other organisms in deciphering the mechanisms and principles of circadian biology. Circadian rhythms have been studied for centuries, but only recently, a mole- lar understanding of this process has emerged. This has taken research on circadian clocks from mystic phenomenology to a mechanistic level; chains of molecular events can describe phenomena with remarkable accuracy. Nevertheless, current models of the functioning of circadian clocks are still rudimentary. This is not due to the faultiness of discovered mechanisms, but due to the lack of undiscovered processes involved in contributing to circadian rhythmicity. We know for example, that the general circadian mechanism is not regulated equally in all tissues of m- mals. Hence, a lot still needs to be discovered to get a full understanding of cir- dian rhythms at the systems level. In this respect, technology has advanced at high speed in the last years and provided us with data illustrating the sheer complexity of regulation of physiological processes in organisms. To handle this information, computer aided integration of the results is of utmost importance in order to d- cover novel concepts that ultimately need to be tested experimentally.
Download or read book Biological Timekeeping Clocks Rhythms and Behaviour written by Vinod Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a concise, comprehensive and up-to-date account of fundamental concepts and potential applications of biological timekeeping mechanisms in animals and humans. It also discusses significant aspects of the organization and importance of timekeeping mechanisms in both groups. Divided into seven sections, it addresses important aspects including fundamental concepts; animal and human clocks; clock interactions; clocks and metabolism and immune functions; pineal, melatonin and timekeeping; and clocks, photoperiodism and seasonal behaviours. The book also focuses on biological clock applications in a 24x7 human society, particularly in connection with life-style associated disorders like obesity and diabetes. It is a valuable resource for advanced undergraduates, researchers and professionals engaged in the study of the science of biological timekeeping.
Download or read book THE EFFECTS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM ON INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND CYTOKINE LEVELS IN HEPATIC MACROPHAGES written by Christina Orcino and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In mammals, many aspects of daily behavior and physiology such as the sleep-wake cycle, body temperature, and liver metabolism are regulated by endogenous circadian mechanisms. Despite tissue-specific physiological differences, these circadian rhythms share a highly conserved negative feedback mechanism, consisting of transcriptional activators and repressors. This feedback loop system is critical for normal physiology and behavior, and its disruption can lead to sleep disorders, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and a whole host of other diseases, including immune related dysfunction. In this study, the loss of Bmal, a key transcriptional activator, and its ability to regulate a macrophage response was evaluated. To do this, a loxP-cre system was used to create mice with a macrophage-specific deletion of Bmal (lysZ-Bmal -/-). This was the first look at the role of macrophage-specific circadian gene expression in regulation of hepatic immune response and its influence on macrophage differentiation and inflammatory liver disease in vivo. Cre-negative littermate controls and lysZ-Bmal -/- mice were stimulated with the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to provoke a pro-inflammatory response. In lysZ-Bmal -/- mice, cells stimulated with LPS had an exacerbated pro-inflammatory response but a blunted anti-inflammatory response compared to cells from cre-negative littermates. LysZ-Bmal -/- mice also had larger liver to bodyweight ratios as well as increased relative mRNA levels of critical pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum ALT. In summary, this study suggests that circadian regulation in macrophages may be important for lipid control and that Bmal regulates a pro-inflammatory response in hepatic macrophages.
Download or read book Endocrine Rhythms written by Dorothy T. Krieger and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shedding Light on the Circadian Clock Regulation of Innate Immunity written by Lucia Du and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rhythms Of Life written by Leon Kreitzman and published by Profile Books. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular science at its most exciting: the breaking new world of chronobiology - understanding the rhythm of life in humans and all plants and animals. The entire natural world is full of rhythms. The early bird catches the worm -and migrates to an internal calendar. Dormice hibernate away the winter. Plants open and close their flowers at the same hour each day. Bees search out nectar-rich flowers day after day. There are cicadas that can breed for only two weeks every 17 years. And in humans: why are people who work anti-social shifts more illness prone and die younger? What is jet-lag and can anything help? Why do teenagers refuse to get up in the morning, and are the rest of us really 'larks' or 'owls'? Why are most people born (and die) between 3am-5am? And should patients be given medicines (and operations) at set times of day, because the body reacts so differently in the morning, evening and at night? The answers lie in our biological clocks the mechanisms which give order to all living things. They impose a structure that enables us to change our behaviour in relation to the time of day, month or year. They are reset at sunrise and sunset each day to link astronomical time with an organism's internal time.
Download or read book The Cancer Clock written by Sotiris Missailidis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-10-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by the winner of the 2008 Mike Price Fellowship The Cancer Clock is a comprehensive overview of cancer as a single topic and provides an all-encompassing account of the key aspects related to the disease from its causes and initial diagnosis through to treatment and care and the different support mechanisms available. Carefully divided into three key parts, the first part of the book focuses on the genesis of the disease through environmental, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. The second part moves on to consider early disease, disease development, diagnosis, monitoring and imaging of the disease. The book then discusses standard treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy along with current developments in the field such as targeted therapeutics, antibody therapies and novel chemotherapy agents. The book closes with a discussion of patient care, pain control, nursing in cancer patients and rehabilitation processes and a final chapter that looks at the psychological and psychosocial aspects of the disease, from coping with the knowledge of having cancer to coping with the side effects of the treatments, family support and dedicated support groups. Written in a clear, accessible manner this book is an ideal starting point for students of pharmacy, pharmacology, the biomedical sciences and other related disciplines where an understanding of cancer as a whole is required. takes an interdisciplinary approach covering the chemistry, epidemiology, basic biology and genetics, radiology, medical physics, medicine, nursing, health and social welfare all associated with cancer diagnosis, treatment and care explains the various causes of cancer and suggests actions for the prevention of the disease includes chapters on current diagnostic tests, drug development and the techniques used in drug design both chemical and biological considers current experimental therapeutic and diagnostic approaches and their potential for future therapeutic development examines aspects of cancer care, physiotherapy, rehabilitation and the psychological aspects of the disease includes self assessment questions/answers, summary sections and review questions and information boxes to enhance student understanding
Download or read book Behavioral Genetics of the Fly Drosophila Melanogaster written by Josh Dubnau and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive portrayal of the behaviour genetics of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and the methods used in these studies.
Download or read book Plant Pattern Recognition Receptors written by Libo Shan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers protocols on techniques ranging from MAMP isolations from diverse microorganisms, PRR identifications from different plant species, MAMP-PRR binding, and a series of signaling responses and events revealed by various biochemical, cellular, genetic and bioinformatic tools. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Pattern Recognition Receptors: Methods and Protocolsaims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field." -- OCLC.
Download or read book Stress Challenges and Immunity in Space written by Alexander Choukèr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology. The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book The Circadian Code written by Satchin Panda, PhD and published by Rodale Books. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we eat may be as important as what we eat. Like most people, you probably wake up, get hungry for meals and doze off in bed around the same time every day. If you’ve ever experienced jet lag or pulled an all-nighter, you know that this schedule can easily be thrown off kilter. But for some people, that imbalance—difficulty sleeping at night, hunger at odd times, or sudden fatigue at noon—is a constant. If you're one of those people, Dr. Satchin Panda, one of the leading researchers on circadian rhythms, has a plan to reset your body clock. Beginning with an in-depth explanation of the circadian clock—why it’s important, how it works, and how to know it isn’t working—The Circadian Code outlines lifestyle changes to make to get back on track. It's a concrete plan to enhance weight loss, improve sleep, optimize exercise, and manage technology so that it doesn’t interfere with your body’s natural rhythm. Dr. Panda’s life-changing methods show you how to prevent and reverse ailments like diabetes, cancer, and dementia, as well as microbiome conditions like acid reflux, heartburn, and irritable bowel disease.
Download or read book Heat Shock Proteins in Neuroscience written by Alexzander A. A. Asea and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Heat Shock Proteins in Neuroscience provides the most comprehensive review on contemporary knowledge on the role of HSP in signaling pathways relevant to a number of diseases. Using an integrative approach, the contributors provide a synopsis of novel mechanisms, signal transduction pathways. To enhance the ease of reading and comprehension, this book has been subdivided into various section including; Section I, reviews current progress on our understanding of Neurological Aspects of HSP; Section II, focuses on Aspects of HSP in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Disorders, Section III, emphasizes the importance of HSP in Multiple Sclerosis; Section IV, reviews critical Aspects of HSP in Alzheimer’s Disease and Section V, gives a comprehensive update of the Development of HSP-Based Therapies for Neurological Disorders. Key basic and clinical research laboratories from major universities, academic medical hospitals, biotechnology and pharmaceutical laboratories around the world have contributed chapters that review present research activity and importantly project the field into the future. The book is a must read for starters and professionals in the fields of Neurology and Neurosciences, Translational Medicine, Clinical Research, Human Physiology, Biotechnology, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Pharmaceutical Scientists and Researchers involved in Drug Discovery.
