Download or read book Children s Rights and the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility written by Don Cipriani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children of almost any age can break the law, but at what age should children first face the possibility of criminal responsibility for their alleged crimes? This work is the first global analysis of national minimum ages of criminal responsibility (MACRs), the international legal obligations that surround them, and the principal considerations for establishing and implementing respective age limits. Taking an international children's rights approach, with a rich theoretical framework and the vitality of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, this work maintains a critical perspective, such as in challenging the assumptions of many children's rights scholars and advocates. Compiling the age limits and statutory sources for all countries, this book explains the broad historical origins behind most of them, identifying the recurring practical challenges that affect every country and providing the first comprehensive evidence that a general principle of international law requires all nations, regardless of their treaty ratifications, to establish respective minimum age limits.
Download or read book Children s Rights and the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility written by Don Cipriani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children of almost any age can break the law, but at what age should children first face the possibility of criminal responsibility for their alleged crimes? This work is the first global analysis of national minimum ages of criminal responsibility (MACRs), the international legal obligations that surround them, and the principal considerations for establishing and implementing respective age limits. Taking an international children's rights approach, with a rich theoretical framework and the vitality of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, this work maintains a critical perspective, such as in challenging the assumptions of many children's rights scholars and advocates. Compiling the age limits and statutory sources for all countries, this book explains the broad historical origins behind most of them, identifying the recurring practical challenges that affect every country and providing the first comprehensive evidence that a general principle of international law requires all nations, regardless of their treaty ratifications, to establish respective minimum age limits.
Download or read book The Age of Culpability written by Gideon Yaffe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why be lenient towards children who commit crimes? Reflection on the grounds for such leniency is the entry point into the development, in this book, of a theory of the nature of criminal responsibility and desert of punishment for crime. Gideon Yaffe argues that child criminals are owed lesser punishments than adults thanks not to their psychological, behavioural, or neural immaturity but, instead, because they are denied the vote. This conclusion is reached through accounts of the nature of criminal culpability, desert for wrongdoing, strength of legal reasons, and what it is to have a say over the law. The centrepiece of this discussion is the theory of criminal culpability. To be criminally culpable is for one's criminal act to manifest a failure to grant sufficient weight to the legal reasons to refrain. The stronger the legal reasons, then, the greater the criminal culpability. Those who lack a say over the law, it is argued, have weaker legal reasons to refrain from crime than those who have a say. They are therefore reduced in criminal culpability and deserve lesser punishment for their crimes. Children are owed leniency, then, because of the political meaning of age rather than because of its psychological meaning. This position has implications for criminal justice policy, with respect to, among other things, the interrogation of children suspected of crimes and the enfranchisement of adult felons.
Download or read book Monitoring State Compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child written by Ziba Vaghri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents a discussion on human rights-based attributes for each article pertinent to the substantive rights of children, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). It provides the reader with a unique and clear overview of the scope and core content of the articles, together with an analysis of the latest jurisprudence of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. For each article of the UNCRC, the authors explore the nature and scope of corresponding State obligations, and identify the main features that need to be taken into consideration when assessing a State’s progressive implementation of the UNCRC. This analysis considers which aspects of a given right are most important to track, in order to monitor States' implementation of any given right, and whether there is any resultant change in the lives of children. This approach transforms the narrative of legal international standards concerning a given right into a set of characteristics that ensure no aspect of said right is overlooked. The book develops a clear and comprehensive understanding of the UNCRC that can be used as an introduction to the rights and principles it contains, and to identify directions for future policy and strategy development in compliance with the UNCRC. As such, it offers an invaluable reference guide for researchers and students in the field of childhood and children’s rights studies, as well as a wide range of professionals and organisations concerned with the subject.
Download or read book Child Rights in Europe written by Geraldine Van Bueren and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyzes the effectiveness of the judicial protection of children's rights within the Council of Europe. The extent to which common standards have been developed by the courts in implementing children's rights is examined both from the perspective of the European Court of Human Rights and the judgments of the highest national courts within the member states of the Council of Europe. Further analysis is made of the Council of Europe's Social Charter and the reports of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.--Publisher's description
Download or read book Children s Rights and the Developing Law written by Jane Fortin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-13 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the implementation of the Human Rights Act 1998, awareness has increased that we live in a rights-based culture and that children constitute an important group of rights holders. Now in its third edition, Children's Rights and the Developing Law explores the way developing law and policies in England and Wales are simultaneously promoting and undermining the rights of children. It reflects on how far these developments take account of children's interests, using current research on children's needs as a template against which to assess their effectiveness and considering a broad range of topics, including medical law, education and youth justice. A critical approach is maintained throughout, particularly when assessing the extent to which the concept of children's rights is being acknowledged by the courts and policy makers and the degree to which the UK fulfils its obligations under, for example, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Download or read book Criminal Law and the Rights of the Child in Muslim States written by Nisrine Abiad and published by BIICL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on a project on the "Rights of the Child in Criminal Law in Iran and Other Muslim States," carried out by The British Institute of International and Comparative Law. The goal of this project is to enhance the implementation of non-discriminatory laws relating to children in Muslim States' criminal justice systems, through training, research, and providing support to advocacy work. The book is the result of a comparative study on the age of criminal liability in Muslim States, aimed at providing strong material for advocacy and research on the subject. National Rapporteurs from Muslim and European States have participated in completing a questionnaire on the subject. The countries involved in the study include Afghanistan, Egypt, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Spain, as well as the UK. In order to place the study in context, it also features chapters covering the history of child criminal law, and an introduction to Islamic criminal law as it
Download or read book The Age of Criminal Responsibility written by Australian Institute of Criminology and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the year 2000, some jurisdictions have revised their legislation, confirming a trend over the last 20 years to uniformity in age limits for criminal responsibility. This bulletin includes a table which sets out, for each Australian jurisdiction, the age up to which a child cannot be charged with a criminal offence; the age range within which children are considered 'doli incapax', or incapable of committing crime; and the maximum age for appearance in a children's, juvenile or youth court. In the Australian Capital Territory, the Criminal Code 2002 Div 2.3.1 now deals with the criminal responsibility of children. From 1 July 2005 in Victoria, the age jurisdiction of the criminal division of the Children's Court has increased from 17 to 18 years. In Queensland, for the purposes of the Juvenile Justice Act 1992 a child is a person who has not turned 17 years. Recent Australian reviews have discussed amending the doli incapax presumption, including reversing the onus of proof and changing its application to ages twelve and under.
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Children s Rights Law written by Jonathan Todres and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children's rights law is a relatively young but rapidly developing discipline. The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, the field's core legal instrument, is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in history. Yet, like children themselves, children's rights are often relegated to the margins in mainstream legal, political, and other discourses, despite their application to approximately one-third of the world's population and every human being's first stages of life. Now thirty years old, the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) signalled a definitive shift in the way that children are viewed and understood--from passive objects subsumed within the family to full human beings with a distinct set of rights. Although the CRC and other children's rights law have spurred positive changes in law, policies, and attitudes toward children in numerous countries, implementation remains a work in progress. We have reached a state in the evolution of children's rights in which we need more critical evaluation and assessment of the CRC and the large body of children's rights law and policy that this treaty has inspired. We have moved from conceptualizing and adopting legislation to focusing on implementation and making the content of children's rights meaningful in the lives of all children. This book provides a critical evaluation and assessment of children's rights law, including the CRC. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners from around the world, it aims to elucidate the content of children's rights law, explore the complexities of implementation, and identify critical challenges and opportunities for children's rights law.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Children s Rights Law written by Jonathan Todres and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children's rights law is a relatively young but rapidly developing discipline. The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, the field's core legal instrument, is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in history. Yet, like children themselves, children's rights are often relegated to the margins in mainstream legal, political, and other discourses, despite their application to approximately one-third of the world's population and every human being's first stages of life. Now thirty years old, the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) signalled a definitive shift in the way that children are viewed and understood--from passive objects subsumed within the family to full human beings with a distinct set of rights. Although the CRC and other children's rights law have spurred positive changes in law, policies, and attitudes toward children in numerous countries, implementation remains a work in progress. We have reached a state in the evolution of children's rights in which we need more critical evaluation and assessment of the CRC and the large body of children's rights law and policy that this treaty has inspired. We have moved from conceptualizing and adopting legislation to focusing on implementation and making the content of children's rights meaningful in the lives of all children. This book provides a critical evaluation and assessment of children's rights law, including the CRC. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners from around the world, it aims to elucidate the content of children's rights law, explore the complexities of implementation, and identify critical challenges and opportunities for children's rights law.
Download or read book Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child written by Rachel Hodgkin and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Handbook aims to be a practical tool for implementation, explaining and illustrating the implications of each article of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and of the two Optional Protocols adopted in 2000 as well as their interconnections."--P. xvii.
Download or read book Introduction to Forensic Psychology written by Stacey L. Shipley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of Introduction to Forensic Psychology has been completely restructured to map to how courses on forensic psychology are taught, and features more figures, tables, and text boxes, textbook pedagogy. Uniquely. this book offers equal representation of criminal behavior, the court systems, and law enforcement/prisons. It also has equal representation of criminal and civic forensics and of issues pertaining to adults and children. new coverage of emerging issues in forensic psychology expanded case illustrations and vignettes, practice and ethics updates, and international trends new "key issue" overviews, boldface terms and concepts, and chapter reviews expanded coverage of corrections for juveniles.
Download or read book The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child written by Ton Liefaard and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2014 the world’s most widely ratified human rights treaty, one specifically for children, reached the milestone of its twenty-fifth anniversary. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted after the fall of the Berlin Wall, and in the time since then it has entered a new century, reshaping laws, policies, institutions and practices across the globe, along with fundamental conceptions of who children are, their rights and entitlements, and society’s duties and obligations to them. Yet despite its rapid entry into force worldwide, there are concerns that the Convention remains a high-level paper treaty without the traction on the ground needed to address ever-continuing violations of children’s rights. This book, based on papers from the conference ‘25 Years CRC’ held by the Department of Child Law at Leiden University, draws together a rich collection of research and insight by academics, practitioners, NGOs and other specialists to reflect on the lessons of the past 25 years, take stock of how international rights find their way into children’s lives at the local level, and explore the frontiers of children’s rights for the 25 years ahead.
Download or read book The International Law on the Rights of the Child written by Geraldine Van Bueren and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2021-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only available in paperback version ISBN 90 411 1091 7 This volume draws upon the author's own experience to highlight the complexities behind the global violations of children's rights. Analysis and description are interwoven to provide a coherent study of the international status of children and the rights which attach to this status, both for those familiar and unfamiliar with international law. The author demonstrates the potential of international law in protecting the rights of children, even in states which are restructuring their economies. To be effective, international law cannot be used in isolation and the text seeks to place the rights of the child in their cultural and historical contexts. All royalties from The International Law on the Rights of the Child are being donated to the International Save the Children Alliance to assist them in their work with children. 'Ms van Bueren combines skilfully an enormous amount of factual material with careful legal analysis and comment. [...] this book will rapidly become indispensable to children's rights lawyers...' C.M. Chinkin, University of Southampton 'Among numerous publications dealing with the subject of promotion and protection of the rights of the child issued up to date, G. Van Bueren's The International Law on the Rights of the Child is the most serious monograph in the field of international law.'
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics written by Bruce A. Arrigo and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 1202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal, state, county, and municipal police forces all have their own codes of conduct, yet the ethics of being a police officer remain perplexing and are often difficult to apply in dynamic situations. The police misconduct statistics are staggering and indicate that excessive use of force comprises almost a quarter of misconduct cases, with sexual harassment, fraud/theft, and false arrest being the next most prevalent factors. The ethical issues and dilemmas in criminal justice also reach deep into the legal professions, the structure and administration of justice in society, and the personal characteristics of those in the criminal justice professions. The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics includes A to Z entries by experts in the field that explore the scope of ethical decision making and behaviors within the spheres of criminal justice systems, including policing, corrections, courts, forensic science, and policy analysis and research. This two-volume set is available in both print and electronic formats. Features: Entries are authored and signed by experts in the field and conclude with references and further readings, as well as cross references to related entries that guide readers to the next steps in their research journeys. A Reader's Guide groups related entries by broad topic areas and themes, making it easy for readers to quickly identify related entries. A Chronology highlights the development of the field and places material into historical context; a Glossary defines key terms from the fields of law and ethics; and a Resource Guide provides lists of classic books, academic journals, websites and associations focused on criminal justice ethics. Reports and statistics from such sources as the FBI, the United Nations, and the International Criminal Court are included in an appendix. In the electronic version, the Reader's Guide, index, and cross references combine to provide effective search-and-browse capabilities. The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics provides a general, non-technical yet comprehensive resource for students who wish to understand the complexities of criminal justice ethics.
Download or read book Law in Society Reflections on Children Family Culture and Philosophy written by Alison Diduck and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection, written by legal scholars from around the world, offers insights into a variety of topics from children’s rights to criminal law, jurisprudence, medical ethics and more. Its breadth reflects the fact that these are all elements of what can broadly be called ‘law and society’, that enterprise that is interested in law’s place or influence in diffferent aspects of real lives and understands law to be simultaneously symbol, philosophy and action. It is also testament to the broad range of vision of Professor Michael Freeman, in whose honour the volume was conceived. The contributions are divided into categories which reflect his distinguished career and publications, over 85 books and countless articles, including pioneering work on children’s rights, domestic violence, religious law, jurisprudence, law and culture, family law and medicine, ethics and the law, as well as his enduring commitment to interdisciplinarity. The volume begins with work on law in its philosophical, cultural or symbolic realm (Part I: Law and Stories: Culture, Religion and Philosophy), including its commitment to the normative ideal of ‘rights’ (Part II: Law and Rights), and then offfers work on law as coercive state action (Part III: Law and the Coercive State) and as regulator of personal relationships (Part IV: Law and Personal Living). It continues with reflections on the importance of globalisation, both of law and of ‘doing family’ in personal and public life (Part V: Law and International Living) before closing with two reflections on Michael Freeman’s body of work generally, including one from Michael himself (Part VI: Law and Michael Freeman).
