Download or read book Child Care Social Norms and Women s Labor Supply written by Sophia Schmitz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Female Labor Supply Child Care and Marital Conflict written by Henriëtte Maassen van den Brink and published by Leiden University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In vergelijking met andere westerse landen is het percentage Nederlandse (getrouwde) vrouwen met kleine kinderen die betaald werk verrichten laag. Onderzocht is wat de redenen zijn voor deze geringe arbeidsdeelname. Daarbij ligt de nadruk op het verrichten van arbeid in combinatie met zorg voor kinderen, de beloningsverschillen tussen mannen en vrouwen, de verdeling van betaalde en onbetaalde arbeid, huishoudelijke arbeid en conflicten in de relatie.
Download or read book The Effect of Federal Child Care Policies on Female Labor Supply Behavior written by Jennifer M. Yeung and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Childcare Expansion and Mothers Employment in Post socialist Countries written by Anna Lovász and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2002, the EU set targets for expanding childcare coverage, but most of the post-socialist countries are behind schedule. While childcare expansion places a heavy financial burden on governments, low participation in the labor force by mothers, especially those with children under the age of three, implies a high potential impact. However, the effectiveness of childcare expansion may be limited by some common characteristics of these countries: family policies that do not support women's labor market re-entry, few flexible work opportunities, and cultural norms about family and gender roles shaped by the institutional and economic legacy of socialism.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy written by Susan L. Averett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.
Download or read book Mothers in the Labor Market written by José Alberto Molina and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-24 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the social and economic issues that emerge from mothers in labor markets. It provides insight in what the quantitative effect of motherhood on the decline in mothers’ earnings is, and how things differ for mothers with lower income and lower levels of education. It also sheds light on how this effect varies for different countries and/or cultural areas, and what the impact of socio-economic policies on mothers’ labor supply is and how it changes in different family contexts. The book covers topics such as labor participation and hours of work, paid-work and home production, flexibility and work from home, self-employment and entrepreneurship, fertility and maternity leave, wage-penalty and career interruption, labor supply and childcare, gender norms and cultural issues, intra-household wage inequality and much more. This book provides an interesting read to economists, social scientists, policy makers and HR managers and all those interested in the subject.
Download or read book Handbook of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-11-18 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.
Download or read book The Second Shift written by Arlie Hochschild and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated edition of a standard in its field that remains relevant more than thirty years after its original publication. Over thirty years ago, sociologist and University of California, Berkeley professor Arlie Hochschild set off a tidal wave of conversation and controversy with her bestselling book, The Second Shift. Hochschild's examination of life in dual-career housholds finds that, factoring in paid work, child care, and housework, working mothers put in one month of labor more than their spouses do every year. Updated for a workforce that is now half female, this edition cites a range of updated studies and statistics, with an afterword from Hochschild that addresses how far working mothers have come since the book's first publication, and how much farther we all still must go.
Download or read book Child Care and Mothers Emplyment Decisions written by Patricia M. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Between Child Care Responsibilities and Female Labor Supply in China written by Shuyi Yu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In China, public child care services offered by working units used to enable Chinese women to maintain a high labor force participation rate. However, the transition to a market economy since the 1980s has resulted in substantial cuts in governmental support for child care. Women have had to face the discord between the roles of care giver and income earner. The declining female labor force participation rate has raised policy concerns about child care's impact. This paper employs a panel data set for the years 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the relationship between child care responsibilities and female labor supply. The analyses show that taking up child care has a negative relationship with both female labor force participation rate and their working hours per week. The magnitude of this relationship is especially large for rural women. These findings confirm the existence of a negative relationship between child care responsibilities and female labor supply and suggest the need for policies to help working mothers to meet their child care obligations.
Download or read book Child Care and Women s Return to Work After Childbirth written by Jacob Alex Klerman and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Norms and Agency written by Ana María Muñoz Boudet and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on focus groups and interviews with nearly 4,000 women, men, girls, and boys from 20 countries, this book explores areas that are less often studied in gender and development: gender norms and agency. It reveals how little gender norms have changed, how similar they are across countries, and how they are being challenged and contested.
Download or read book Child Care and Female Labor Supply the Influence of Quality and Price on Mothers Work Decisions written by Juan González and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gender and Family Issues in the Workplace written by Francine D. Blau and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1997-06-26 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, as married women commonly pursue careers outside the home, concerns about their ability to achieve equal footing with men without sacrificing the needs of their families trouble policymakers and economists alike. In 1993 federal legislation was passed that required most firms to provide unpaid maternity leave for up to twelve weeks. Yet, as Gender and Family Issues in the Workplace reveals, motherhood remains a primary obstacle to women's economic success. This volume offers fascinating and provocative new analyses of women's status in the labor market, as it explores the debate surrounding parental leave: Do policies that mandate extended leave protect jobs and promote child welfare, or do they sidetrack women's careers and make them less desirable employees? An examination of the disadvantages that women—particularly young mothers—face in today's workplace sets the stage for the debate. Claudia Goldin presents evidence that female college graduates are rarely able to balance motherhood with career track employment, and Jane Waldfogel demonstrates that having children results in substantially lower wages for women. The long hours demanded by managerial and other high powered professions further penalize women who in many cases still bear primary responsibility for their homes and children. Do parental leave policies improve the situation for women? Gender and Family Issues in the Workplace offers a variety of perspectives on this important question. Some propose that mandated leave improves women's wages by allowing them to preserve their job tenure. Other economists express concern that federal leave policies prevent firms and their workers from acting on their own particular needs and constraints, while others argue that because such policies improve the well-being of children they are necessary to society as a whole. Olivia Mitchell finds that although the availability of unpaid parental leave has sharply increased, only a tiny percentage of workers have access to paid leave or child care assistance. Others caution that the current design of family-friendly policies may promote gender inequality by reinforcing the traditional division of labor within families. Parental leave policy is a complex issue embedded in a tangle of economic and social institutions. Gender and Family Issues in the Workplace offers an innovative and up-to-date investigation into women's chances for success and equality in the modern economy.
Download or read book The Difficult Case of Persuading Women written by Vincenzo Galasso and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Difficult Case of Persuading Women written by Francesco C. Billari and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender stereotypes are well established also among women. Yet, a recent literature suggests that learning from other women experience about the effects of maternal employment on children outcomes may increase female labor force participation. To further explore this channel, we design a randomized survey experiment, in which 1500 Italian women aged 20 to 40 are exposed to two informational treatments on the positive consequences of formal childcare on children future educational attainments. Surprisingly, we find that women reduce their intended labor supply. However, this result hides strong heterogenous effects: high educated non-mothers are persuaded by the informational treatments to increase their intended use of formal child care (and to pay more); whereas low educated non-mothers to reduce their intended labor supply. These findings are consistent with women responding to monetary incentive and/or having different preferences for maternal care. These heterogenous responses across women send a warning signal about the true effectiveness in terms of take up rates of often advocated public policies regarding formal child care.
Download or read book Grandchild Care and Female Labor Supply written by Mengyun Lin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an important employment supportive policy, the impact of universal and subsidized child care on the mothers and children has aroused extensive concern in the research community. However, little is known about how grandmothers respond to easier accessibility to public child care. This paper fills the gap by evaluating the effect of increasing accessibility to formal child care facility on female labor supply from the perspective of grandchild care. Utilizing the first universal child care program in China, we develop a Differences-in-Differences strategy to identify the causal effect. Exploiting the variation in child care facility expansion intensity across provinces and over years, we find that the universal child care has a strong and robust positive effect on promoting labor force participation of the female aged 40 to 60 with preschool grandchildren, while the male are not influenced. Further investigation into the hours worked per week suggests that the effect is mostly at extensive margins while rarely at intensive margins. Moreover, the effect is more significant for individuals from higher-income family, with higher educational attainment, and to join in the wage-earning sector.
