Download or read book Characterization of Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia written by Man-Sze Cheung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Characterization of Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia" by Man-sze, Cheung, 張敏思, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4068758 Subjects: Aldehyde dehydrogenase Cancer cells Stem cells Acute myeloid leukemia - Genetic aspects
Download or read book Characterization of Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia written by Man-sze Cheung (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of the Molecular Heterogeneity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia for Effective Targeting of Disease driving Leukemic Stem Cells written by Aino-Maija Leppä and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation written by Hillard M. Lazarus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-02 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the original publication of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Research and Practice, Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSC) has undergone several fast-paced changes. In this second edition, the editors have focused on topics relevant to evolving knowledge in the field in order to better guide clinicians in decision-making and management of their patients, as well as help lead laboratory investigators in new directions emanating from clinical observations. Some of the most respected clinicians and scientists in this discipline have responded to the recent advances in the field by providing state-of-the-art discussions addressing these topics in the second edition. The text covers the scope of human genomic variation, the methods of HLA typing and interpretation of high-resolution HLA results. Comprehensive and up-to-date, Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Research and Practice, Second Edition offers concise advice on today's best clinical practice and will be of significant benefit to all clinicians and researchers in allogeneic HSC transplantation.
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells written by Bijan Moshaver and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization and Control of Leukemia Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia written by Stanley Wai Kwong Ng and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this thesis is to explore the potential application of leukemia stem cell (LSC) properties for improving the treatment and management of adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), solidifying the clinical relevance of functional stem cell frequency estimates from xenotransplantation assays to human disease, and gaining insight into the gene regulatory logic underlying blood stem cells. Conventional risk stratification schemes in AML do not account for the leukemia initiating capacity of LSC within patient samples even though mounting evidence indicates its importance in the etiology and pathogenesis of AML. This may be attributed, at least in part, to insufficient data in support of the definitive relevance of xenografts (the gold standard assay for detecting LSC) to human disease. Instead, clinical schemes have focused on an ever-increasing number of genomic lesions for sorting patients into incrementally refined risk categories as newer technologies and larger study cohorts enable higher resolution and more complete capture of the continuum of genomic variation. Here, the derivation of the LSC17 gene expression score resulted in the first LSC-based diagnostic tool that complements and refines current risk assessment schemes, setting the stage for enhancing the overall accuracy of prognostic and predictive models in the clinic. The backbone of AML treatment has largely remained unchanged since the 1970s, and is curative for.
Download or read book Single cell Transcriptomic Profiling of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Identifies a Leukemic Stemness Program Shared Across Diverse Phenotypes written by Samantha Worme and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer of the blood system in which relapse occurs in approximately 50% of patients. Prior work indicates that a rare subset of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) can self-renew and propagate AML. However, characterizing LSCs is complicated by their scarcity, heterogeneity across AML patients, and lack of universal markers for these cells. Previous studies to identify a gene expression program active in LSCs were therefore limited to studying average expression levels in cell fractions enriched for LSCs, which also contain other leukemic cells. A higher resolution method to study expression profiles in AML could provide a better understanding of the programs underlying LSC self-renewal and enable development of therapies to directly target these cells. In this thesis, I first present analyses of single-cell transcriptomic data from a genetically and phenotypically diverse cohort of 19 AML samples from 14 adult patients. The marked inter-patient heterogeneity observed was not explained by morphological subtype or treatment received. However, samples with relatively few chromosomal alterations displayed transcriptional similarity, suggesting cytogenetics is a driver of inter-patient variability. Characterization of intra-tumoral heterogeneity indicated cell maturation programs are the main source of transcriptional variation. Mapping leukemic cells to normal cell type references revealed that some samples are predominantly composed of stem-like cells, while others displayed a range of cell types across maturation states. Principal component analysis further demonstrates that reported LSC and myeloid maturation genes were the main source of transcriptional variation in over half of the cohort. This finding was confirmed by reconstruction of cell state trajectories, which showed a continuum of LSC gene expression consistent with shifts in maturation state. Next, I derive and validate an expression program associated with leukemic stemness. For this, I used two correlation-based methods to extract a signature recurrently associated with stemness in our cohort. This recurrent signature includes previously described LSC-associated genes that were not part of our input, as well as novel factors highly specific to the most LSC-like cells. Finally, I validated this signature on an independent set of AML samples with experimentally determined LSC frequencies. Overall, I define a novel stemness-associated program from single-cell analysis of a diverse cohort of patient samples with therapeutic relevance in AML"--
Download or read book Characterization of the Biology of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells written by Kristin Jill Hope and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a rapidly evolving understanding of the murine HSC niche, its signalling components, and the mechanisms utilized for trafficking to these sites, less is known of the microenvironmental requirements for human HSCs, while the gap in understanding for LSCs is even more pronounced. We demonstrate that administration of an activating anti-CD44 antibody impaired in vivo AML cell homing and facilitated eradication of these cells, including serially transplantable SL-IC in pre-engrafted NOD/SCID mice. Our results highlight CD44 as a key regulator of AML-LSC function, essential for their trafficking to microenvironmental niches and for maintaining their primitive state. The potential importance of microRNAs (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of cancer and in stem cell regulation prompted our investigation into the involvement of miRNAs in the initiation and/or maintenance of AML-LSC. Here we use global miRNA profiling of purified stem, progenitor and mature cell subfractions from primary AML samples to demonstrate the existence of a unique LSC-specific miRNA signature. We also show that mir-155, a miRNA highly expressed at elevated levels in human lymphomas, is also dysregulated in human AML and may play a functional role in maintaining the developmental status and abnormal growth properties of these leukemias. Transplantation models have provided valuable tools with which to investigate hematopoiesis and have been essential in elucidating the hierarchical nature of the murine blood system. In particular, these assays permit the study of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), unique in their capacity to re-establish enduring donor hematopoiesis. Similarly, the use of immunodeficient SCID and NOD/SCID mouse strains as recipients for human hematopoietic cells has facilitated the study of human SCID-repopulating cells and SCID-leukemia initiating cells (SL-ICs), responsible for initiating and perpetuating normal and malignant hematopoiesis respectively. Here we use lentiviruses to transduce acute myeloid leukemia (AML) SL-ICs with high efficiency, enabling in vivo tracking of individual SL-ICs. We show that the leukemia stem cell (LSC) compartment is heterogeneous with the existence of distinct classes that differ in proliferation and self-renewal capacity. The finding of a similar functional hierarchy within the normal HSC and LSC compartments represents compelling evidence of a stem cell origin for AML.
Download or read book Detection Characterization and Genetic Modification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia AML Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Functional Characterization of Stem and Progenitor Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia written by Laura Barreyro and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leukemia Stem Cells written by César Cobaleda and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leukemia Stem Cells written by César Cobaleda and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detailed volume aims to provide a comprehensive hands-on manual covering all the techniques involved in the cellular and molecular identification and characterization of both normal hematopoietic and leukemic stem cells, both from human patients and from mouse models of human leukemia. The book also covers the most frequently used experimental approaches for the generation of such stem cell-based models of human leukemia. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Leukemia Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for researchers, both expert and novice, seeking to further our knowledge of this vital avenue of cancer research.
Download or read book Characterisation of the Leukemic Stem Cell in a Murine Model of CALM AF10 Positive Myeloid Leukemia written by Aniruddha Jayant Deshpande and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acute leukemias Molecular characterization leukemiainitiating cells and influence of the microenvironment written by Spiros Vlahopoulos and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stem Cells and Their Potential for Clinical Application written by Nadja M. Bilko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO-ASI conference Stem Cells and Their Potential for Clinical Application featured cutting-edge presentations ranging from laboratory research findings to the latest therapeutic applications. This book features contributions from many of the leading international scientists from North America and Western and Eastern Europe who participated in this conference. Articles cover a broad range of hot topics in stem cell and leukemia research.
Download or read book In Vitro Generation and Characterization of Acute Myeloid Leukemia reactive CD8 Cytotoxic T lymphocyte Clones from Healthy Donors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Donor-derived CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) eliminating host leukemic cells mediate curative graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) reactions after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The leukemia-reactive CTLs recognize hematopoiesis-restricted or broadly expressed minor histocompatibility and leukemia-associated peptide antigens that are presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules on recipient cells. The development of allogeneic CTL therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is hampered by the poor efficiency of current techniques for generating leukemia-reactive CTLs from unprimed healthy donors in vitro. In this work, a novel allogeneic mini-mixed lymphocyte/leukemia culture (mini-MLLC) approach was established by stimulating CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors at comparably low numbers (i.e. 10e4/well) with HLA class I-matched primary AML blasts in 96-well microtiter plates. Before culture, CD8+ T cells were immunomagnetically separated into CD62L(high)+ and CD62L(low)+/neg subsets enriched for naive/central memory and effector memory cells, respectively. The application of 96-well microtiter plates aimed at creating multiple different responder-stimulator cell compositions in order to provide for the growth of leukemia-reactive CTLs optimized culture conditions by chance. The culture medium was supplemented with interleukin (IL)-7, IL-12, and IL-15. On day 14, IL-12 was replaced by IL-2. In eight different related and unrelated donor/AML pairs with complete HLA class I match, numerous CTL populations were isolated that specifically lysed myeloid leukemias in association with various HLA-A, -B, or -C alleles. These CTLs recognized neither lymphoblastoid B cell lines of donor and patient origin nor primary B cell leukemias expressing the corresponding HLA restriction element. CTLs expressed T cell receptors of single V-beta chain families, indicating their clonality. The vast majority of CTL clones were.
Download or read book Innovative Medicine written by Kazuwa Nakao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to innovative medicine, comprising the proceedings of the Uehara Memorial Foundation Symposium 2014. It remains extremely rare for the findings of basic research to be developed into clinical applications, and it takes a long time for the process to be achieved. The task of advancing the development of basic research into clinical reality lies with translational science, yet the field seems to struggle to find a way to move forward. To create innovative medical technology, many steps need to be taken: development and analysis of optimal animal models of human diseases, elucidation of genomic and epidemiological data, and establishment of “proof of concept”. There is also considerable demand for progress in drug research, new surgical procedures, and new clinical devices and equipment. While the original research target may be rare diseases, it is also important to apply those findings more broadly to common diseases. The book covers a wide range of topics and is organized into three complementary parts. The first part is basic research for innovative medicine, the second is translational research for innovative medicine, and the third is new technology for innovative medicine. This book helps to understand innovative medicine and to make progress in its realization.
