Download or read book Characterization Of Epoxy Curing Using High Heating Rate DSC written by B. Bilyeu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two common techniques to characterize the curing reaction of an epoxy as a function of time and temperature are heat of reaction and the shift in glass transition. These techniques can both be performed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. However, both techniques share a common limitation, namely that the curing exotherm may occur during the ramp to isothermal temperature or may overlap with the glass transition event. Since the curing reaction and thus the exotherm is a kinetic event, it is rate dependent. As faster rates are used, the scan can be completed before the onset of the reaction. In an isothermal heat of reaction study, the material can be brought to temperature fast enough that the curing reaction does not begin until it is at temperature. Also, since the glass transition can be measured at high scanning rates, it can be measured before the curing reaction begins. At 100°C/min, the two overlapping events are separated, whereas at 200°C/min, the curing does not occur in the temperature range studied. The glass transition temperature can be measured without affecting the degree of cure, or the exotherm can be shifted to separate it from the glass transition for accurate measurement of enthalpy and the glass transition.
Download or read book Characterization Of Epoxy Curing Using High Heating Rate DSC written by Kevin P. Menard and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two common techniques to characterize the curing reaction of an epoxy as a function of time and temperature are heat of reaction and the shift in glass transition. These techniques can both be performed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. However, both techniques share a common limitation, namely that the curing exotherm may occur during the ramp to isothermal temperature or may overlap with the glass transition event. Since the curing reaction and thus the exotherm is a kinetic event, it is rate dependent. As faster rates are used, the scan can be completed before the onset of the reaction. In an isothermal heat of reaction study, the material can be brought to temperature fast enough that the curing reaction does not begin until it is at temperature. Also, since the glass transition can be measured at high scanning rates, it can be measured before the curing reaction begins. At 100°C/min, the two overlapping events are separated, whereas at 200°C/min, the curing does not occur in the temperature range studied. The glass transition temperature can be measured without affecting the degree of cure, or the exotherm can be shifted to separate it from the glass transition for accurate measurement of enthalpy and the glass transition.
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Thermal Analysis written by Paul Gabbott and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Analysis techniques are used in a wide range of disciplines, from pharmacy and foods to polymer science, materials and glasses; in fact any field where changes in sample behaviour are observed under controlled heating or controlled cooling conditions. The wide range of measurements possible provide fundamental information on the material properties of the system under test, so thermal analysis has found increasing use both in basic characterisation of materials and in a wide range of applications in research, development and quality control in industry and academia. Principles and Applications of Thermal Analysis is written by manufacturers and experienced users of thermal techniques. It provides the reader with sound practical instruction on how to use the techniques and gives an up to date account of the principle industrial applications. By covering basic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) including the new approach of Fast Scanning DSC, together with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA /TMA) methods, then developing the discussion to encompass industrial applications, the book serves as an ideal introduction to the technology for new users. With a strong focus on practical issues and relating the measurements to the physical behaviour of the materials under test, the book will also serve as an important reference for experienced analysts.
Download or read book Thermal Analysis of Polymers written by Joseph D. Menczel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a solid introduction to thermal analysis, methods, instrumentation, calibration, and application along with the necessary theoretical background. Useful to chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers who are new to thermal analysis techniques, and to existing users of thermal analysis who wish expand their experience to new techniques and applications Topics covered include Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), Thermogravimetry, Thermomechanical Analysis and Dilatometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Micro-Thermal Analysis, Hot Stage Microscopy, and Instrumentation. Written by experts in the various areas of thermal analysis Relevant and detailed experiments and examples follow each chapter.
Download or read book Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials written by Edith Turi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 987 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book is divided into nine chapters that specifically tackle the instrumentation, theory, and a wide variety of applications of thermal characterization. The introductory chapters provide an overview of all aspects of thermal analytical methods and apparatus and the theory underlying the basic principles of thermal analysis. These chapters also examine the theories and functions of state for thermometry, dilatometry, thermomechanical analysis, calorimetry, thermogravimetry. These topics are followed by a discussion on single-component and multicomponent systems and their phase transitions, as influenced by concentration, pressure, deformation, molecular weight, and copolymerization. The subsequent chapters explore the influence of important chemical and physical parameters on the glass transition, crystallization, and melting of thermoplastic materials. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer compatibility, phase separation, and miscibility in mixed polymer systems. This book further considers the thermal analysis in thermosets, elastomers, and fibers. The concluding chapters present the methods of obtaining information on the relative flammability properties of polymers, for screening fire retardant additives, and for studying the mechanism of flame inhibition. These chapters also look into the thermal analysis of antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and fire retardants. Polymer scientists and researchers will find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Cure of Thermosetting Resins written by Jean-Maurice Vergnaud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of cure of thermosets is rather complex, and good knowledge of the various steps and different problems is necessary for the user. For instance, the following basic facts characterise the cure of thermosets: 1. In the same way as rubbers, thermosets are generally polymerised and processed in a simple operation which involves the irreversible transformation of a low molecular weight resin in viscous liquid state into a solid network polymer. The process of cure is thus much more important for thermosets or rubbers than for thermo plastics, because if something goes wrong during the cure process of thermosets, the final products may have undersirable properties and will be of no use or value, while the thermoplastic material can be melted again to make a new material. 2. In contrast with rubbers, a high exothermic cure reaction is the aspect of fundamental importance in the cure process for thermo sets. This high enthalpy of cure associated with a rather low thermal conductivity can give rise to an excessively high tem perature which may cause discoloration and degradation of the material, and also to substantial temperature gradients. The mat erial is thus heterogeneous during the process of cure, and these temperature-time histories in the resin may have some effects on the properties of the final material. 3. Moreover, the increase in production following the reduction in time of the cure cycle necessitates the use of a higher mould temperature.
Download or read book Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites written by Mehdi Derradji and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites: Properties and Applications summarizes the latest research on these polymers, providing information that enables materials scientists and engineers to deploy these polymers in the real world. The book gives details on synthesis and preparation techniques for key phthalonitrile monomers. All curing techniques are discussed, along with blends and copolymers of phthalonitrile with other polymeric materials, such as epoxy, benzoxazine and bismaleimide. Fiber and particle based phthalonitrile micro and nanocomposites are also discussed, along with their potential applications in lightweight automobiles, ships, oil rigs, aircraft, wind blades, high temperature bearings, valves, battery and electronic casings, fire resistant textiles, and more. - Introduces the subject of phthalonitrile polymers and their composites - Provides precise information on the synthesis, preparation and curing techniques for phthalonitrile polymers - Discusses developments in key application areas that are intended to facilitate and stimulate real world applications of these materials
Download or read book Chemical Characterization and Two step Cure Kinetics of a High Performance Epoxy Adhesive System written by Joel D. Flores and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Author's abstract] The cure kinetics of a high performance epoxy adhesive system based on TGDDM/DGEBA/DDS/DICY and toughened with carboxy terminated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) rubber with aluminum filler was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Three different sets of experiments were performed to follow the cure kinetics of the adhesive in a multi-step cure cycle. Three-dimensional plots of data entered into a surface-fitting software allowed for the interpolation of the degree and rate of cure as functions of heating rate and temperature, time and temperature, or time and initial degree of cure. Isothermal cure was modeled successfully using the kinetic model of Kamal. The gel point of the adhesive was measured using dynamic shear rheometry under isothermal conditions. Methods were developed to combine ramp and soak segments so that both the conversion (a) and rate of cure (da/dt) can be followed through a two-step cure cycle of the type used to cure composite prepreg and adhesive in an industrial setting.
Download or read book Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics written by ASM International and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selection and application of engineered materials is an integrated process that requires an understanding of the interaction between materials properties, manufacturing characteristics, design considerations, and the total life cycle of the product. This reference book on engineering plastics provides practical and comprehensive coverage on how the performance of plastics is characterized during design, property testing, and failure analysis. The fundamental structure and properties of plastics are reviewed for general reference, and detailed articles describe the important design factors, properties, and failure mechanisms of plastics. The effects of composition, processing, and structure are detailed in articles on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Other articles cover failure mechanisms such as: crazing and fracture; impact loading; fatigue failure; wear failures, moisture related failure; organic chemical related failure; photolytic degradation; and microbial degradation. Characterization of plastics in failure analysis is described with additional articles on analysis of structure, surface analysis, and fractography.
Download or read book Asphalt Science and Technology written by Arthur Usmani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-08-22 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Offers comprehensive, authoritative coverage of the chemistry, technology, and engineering of asphaltic products for paving, road construction, roofing, coatings, adhesives, and batteries. Analyzes microcracking and elucidates the mechanisms of degradation to aid the development of hot melt asphalt and increase longevity."
Download or read book Materials Characterization by Dynamic and Modulated Thermal Analytical Techniques written by Alan T. Riga and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2001 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The special technical publication has been compiled from the 15 presentations at a May 2000 Association symposium in Toronto. They cover the fundamentals of the techniques, its use in curing and chemical reactions, measuring the glass transition and melting by modulated and comparative techniques, g
Download or read book Polyimides and Other High Temperature Polymers Synthesis Characterization and Applications Volume 3 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-04-18 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Polyimides and Other High Temperature Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, held in Orlando, December 17-19, 2003.This volume is divided into three parts. Part 1. a Synthesis, Properties and Bulk Characterizationa ; Part 2 a Hybrids and Compositesa
Download or read book Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick—all editors of Thermochimica Acta. Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more. - Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field - Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications - Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry - Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics - Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications
Download or read book Conference Proceedings written by Society of Plastics Engineers. Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Binder Characterization and Evaluation Test methods written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry written by Aline Auroux and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization written by R.W. Cahn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To use materials effectively, their composition, degree of perfection, physical and mechanical characteristics, and microstructure must be accurately determined. This concise encyclopledia covers the wide range of characterization techniques necessary to achieve this. Articles included are not only concerned with the characterization techniques of specific materials such as polymers, metals, ceramics and semiconductors but also techniques which can be applied to materials in general. The techniques described cover bulk methods, and also a number of specific methods to study the topography and composition of surface and near-surface regions. These techniques range from the well-established and traditional to the very latest including: atomic force microscopy; confocal optical microscopy; gamma ray diffractometry; thermal wave imaging; x-ray diffraction and time-resolved techniques. This unique concise encyclopedia comprises 116 articles by leading experts in the field from around the world to create the ideal guide for materials scientists, chemists and engineers involved with any aspect of materials characterization. With over 540 illustrations, extensive cross-referencing, approximately 900 references, and a detailed index, this concise encyclopedia will be a valuable asset to any materials science collection.
