Download or read book Characterization of Catalytic Igniter Performance and Emissions written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Warmed up Emissions Characterization and Optimization Based on Catalyst OSC Content distribution and Engine Lambda Characteristics Using a Production Vehicle written by David Henry Moser and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chassis Dynamometer Testing of Aqueous Ethanol in a Transit Van written by Jeffrey Williams and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Compression ignition Engines Fuelled by Sustainable Fuels written by Ashand Mitra Namasivayam and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Novel Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction written by Akhilendra Pratap Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph covers different aspects of internal combustion engines including engine performance and emissions and presents various solutions to resolve these issues. The contents provide examples of utilization of methanol as a fuel for CI engines in different modes of transportation, such as railroad, personal vehicles or heavy duty road transportation. The volume provides information about the current methanol utilization and its potential, its effect on the engine in terms of efficiency, combustion, performance, pollutants formation and prediction. The contents are also based on review of technologies present, the status of different combustion and emission control technologies and their suitability for different types of IC engines. Few novel technologies for spark ignition (SI) engines have been also included in this book, which makes this book a complete solution for both kind of engines. This book will be useful for engine researchers, energy experts and students involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation and environmental research.
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Environmental Application written by Tina Kegl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the use of nanomaterials as diesel fuel additives. It extensively reviews the diesel engine characteristics and the most frequently used nanomaterials and nanofuels and discusses the practical issues regarding the viability of nanomaterials as fuel additives from technical, environmental, and human health viewpoints. Special attention is focused on questions related to the short-term use of nanomaterials in diesel engines, such as: · What are the most important nanomaterial activities in diesel engines? · What happens to nanomaterials at various stages, from the fuel tank to exhaust? · What are the effects of nanofuel usage on diesel engine characteristics? and · What are the effects of nanomaterials on diesel engine parts and systems? Given its scope, this book is a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in environmental science, mechanical engineering, and chemical engineering fields, as well as for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Download or read book Physics based Characterization of Lambda Sensor Output to Control Emissions from Natural Gas Fueled Engines written by Mohamed Ahmed Toema and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasingly strict air emission regulations may require implementing Non-Selective Catalytic Reduction (NSCR) systems as a promising emission control technology for stationary rich burn spark ignition engines. Many recent experimental investigations that used NSCR systems for stationary natural gas fueled engines showed that NSCR systems were unable to consistently control the exhaust emissions level below the compliance limits. Part of this thesis is devoted to show the results from the field testing of three engines working in natural gas gathering stations located in the "Four Corners" area. These three engines are retrofitted with NSCR systems. Emissions and engine operating data were monitored for more than one year. Data collected from October 2007 through December 2008 shows significant variation in emissions levels over hours, days, and longer periods of time, as well as seasonal variations. As a result of these variations, simultaneous control of NOx and CO below the compliance limit was achieved less than fifty percent of the monitored time. Modeling of NSCR components to better understand, and then exploit, the underlying physical processes that occur in the lambda sensor and the catalyst media is now considered an essential step toward improving NSCR system performance. The second portion of this thesis focuses on modeling the lambda sensor that provides feedback to the air-to-fuel ratio controller. Correct interpretation of the sensor output signal is necessary to achieve consistently low emissions level. The goal of this modeling study is to improve the understanding of the physical processes that occur within the sensor, investigate the cross-sensitivity of various exhaust gas species on the sensor performance, and finally this model serves as a tool to improve NSCR control strategies. This model simulates the output from a planar switch type lambda sensor. The model consists of three modules. The first module models the multi-component mass transport through the sensor protective layer. Diffusion fluxes are calculated using the Maxwell-Stefan equation. The second module includes all the surface catalytic reactions that take place on the sensor platinum electrodes. All kinetic reactions are modeled based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic mechanism. The third module is responsible for simulating the reactions that occur on the electrolyte material and determine the sensor output voltage. The details of these three modules as well as a parametric study that investigates the sensitivity of the output voltage signal to various exhaust gas parameters is provided in the thesis.
Download or read book Biodiesel Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics written by Semakula Maroa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodiesel combustion, including biodiesel performance, emissions and control. It brings together a range of international research in combustion studies in order to offer a comprehensive resource for researchers, students and academics alike. The book begins with an introduction to biodiesel combustion, followed by a discussion of NOx formation routes. It then addresses biodiesel production processes and oil feedstocks in detail, discusses the physiochemical properties of biodiesel, and explores the benefits and drawbacks of these properties. Factors influencing the formation of emissions, including NOx emissions, are also dealt with thoroughly. Lastly, the book discusses the mechanisms of pollution and different approaches used to reduce pollutants in connection with biodiesel. Each approach is considered in detail, and diagrams are provided to illustrate the points in line with industry standard control mechanisms.
Download or read book Emissions Analysis for a Modern Computer Controlled Spark Ignition Engine and Catalyst Efficiency with Temperature written by Michael R. Briars and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Download or read book Catalytic Methods in Flow Chemistry written by Christophe Len and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical industry is essential in the daily humn life of modern society; despite the misconception about the real need for chemical production, everyone enjoys the benefit of the chemical progress. However, the chemical industry generates a large variety of products, including (i) basic chemicals, e.g., polymers, petrochemicals, and basic inorganics; (ii) specialty chemicals for crop protection, paints, inks, colorants, textiles, paper, and engineering; and (iii) consumer chemicals, including detergents, soaps, etc. For these reasons, chemists in both acdemia and industry are challenged with developing green and sustainable chemical production towrad the full-recycling of feedstocks and waste. Aiming to improve the intensification of the process, chemists have established chemical reactions based on catalysis, as well as alternative technologies, such as continuous flow. The aim of this book is to cover promising recent research and novel trends in the field of novel catalytic reactions (homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic, as well as their combinations) in continuous flow conditions. A collection of recent contribution for conversion of starting material originated from petroleum resources or biomass into highly-added value chemicals are reported.
Download or read book Potential of Spark Ignition and Diesel Engines written by James A. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Exhaust Particulate Emissions from a Spark Ignition Engine written by Brian Robert Graskow and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Air to Fuel Ratio Control and Non selective Catalytic Reduction on an Integral Compressor Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the natural gas production industry, recent legislation has mandated new emission regulations for low horsepower reciprocating internal combustion engines. One method to achieve compliance of the new regulations is the use of non-selective catalytic reduction. Nonselective catalytic reduction utilizes a three-way catalyst and an air-to-fuel ratio controller to oxidize carbon monoxide and unburned fuel while reducing oxides of nitrogen. Testing of a non-selective catalytic reduction system was preformed on a typical exploration and production engine, a Compressco GasJack. To fully test the unit, exhaust gas samples were taken with an ECOM gas analyzer both before and after the catalyst over typical engine speeds and powers. By sampling the exhaust gas concentration before and after the catalyst, the catalyst efficiency or percent reduction in exhaust gas specific concentrations were calculated. Additionally by testing throughout the engine's typical operation range, conditions under which the non-selective catalyst reduction system fails were determined. After testing, it was found that the three-way catalyst was effective at reducing oxides of nitrogen by 98% at all speeds and power conditions. Carbon monoxide was reduced by 90% under all conditions except for maximum speed and power. At maximum speed and power, the conversion efficiency for carbon monoxide was recorded as low as 32%. One reason for the low conversion efficiency at maximum speed and power was that the oxygen concentration entering the catalyst was not sufficient to oxidize the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. These results indicate the three-way catalyst was effective at reducing emissions when the controller correctly maintained the pre-catalyst oxygen concentration. However, the controller was unable to maintain engine operation at the ideal airto- fuel ratio at all test conditions. The controller failed to keep the pre-catalyst oxygen concentration in the correct range because the oxygen sensor was not accurate and consistent in its output. Future work on the development of a more robust oxygen sensor is recommended.
Download or read book Analytical Methods for Biomass Characterization and Conversion written by David C. Dayton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical Methods for Biomass Characterization and Conversion is a thorough resource for researchers, students and professors who investigate the use of biomass for fuels, chemicals and products. Advanced analytical chemistry methods and techniques can now provide detailed compositional and chemical measurements of biomass, biomass conversion process streams, intermediates and products. This volume from the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series brings together the current knowledge on each of these methods, including spectroscopic methods (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Near-infrared Spectroscopy, Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), pyrolysis (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry), Liquid Chromatography/High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, and so on. Authors David C. Dayton and Thomas D. Foust show how these can be used for measuring biomass composition and for determining the composition of intermediates with regard to subsequent processing for biofuels, bio-chemicals and bio-based products. Covers the broad range of techniques and applications that have been developed and perfected in the last decade Highlights specific analyses required for understanding biomass conversion to select intermediates Provides references to seminal books, review articles and technical articles that go into greater depth, serving as a basis for further study
Download or read book Handbook of Thermal Management Systems written by Fethi Aloui and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thermal Management Systems: e-Mobility and Other Energy Applications is a comprehensive reference on the thermal management of key renewable energy sources and other electronic components. With an emphasis on practical applications, the book addresses thermal management systems of batteries, fuel cells, solar panels, electric motors, as well as a range of other electronic devices that are crucial for the development of sustainable transport systems. Chapters provide a basic understanding of the thermodynamics behind the development of a thermal management system, update on Batteries, Fuel Cells, Solar Panels, and Other Electronics, provide a detailed description of components, and discuss fundamentals. Dedicated chapters then systematically examine the heating, cooling, and phase changes of each system, supported by numerical analyses, simulations and experimental data. These chapters include discussion of the latest technologies and methods and practical guidance on their application in real-world system-level projects, as well as case studies from engineering systems that are currently in operation. Finally, next-generation technologies and methods are discussed and considered. Presents a comprehensive overview of thermal management systems for modern electronic technologies related to energy production, storage and sustainable transportation Addresses the main bottlenecks in the technology development for future green and sustainable transportation systems Focuses on the practical aspects and implementation of thermal management systems through industrial case studies, real-world examples, and solutions to key problems
Download or read book Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Spark ignition Engine Fueled with Isopropanol n butanol ethanol and Gasoline Blends written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
