Download or read book Changes in the Direct and Indirect Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by Kiersten Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changes in the Direct and Indirect Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by Kiersten Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertility Decline in Africa written by Etienne Van de Walle and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility in Africa remains the highest in the world, the average total fertility rate for the continent is about 6.3 children per woman. So far little evidence is found of the beginning of a sustained and irreversible fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) of the sort experienced in other developing areas. Contraceptive use is low (except for spacing purposes and outside of marriage) in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is little evidence that this is due to short supply. Reported ideal family sizes remain quite high suggesting that demand for contraception is low. Analysis of the determinants of fertility in Africa using recently available data is likely to provide new insight into the prospects for fertility decline and the design of population policy. Future analysis should focus on four questions that may be answerable using existing data, and may prove useful in evaluating policy and targeting resources : 1) what are the sources and determinants of observed fertility decline in Africa?; 2) what effects does education have on fertility, family size, and contraceptive use?; 3) what are the likely effects of increases in availability and costs of schooling, health care and family planning services on contraceptive use and fertility? and 4) how will these increases affect measures of child survival, educational attainment and anthropometric status?
Download or read book Recent Fertility Trends in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
Download or read book Women s Education Infant and Child Mortality and Fertility Decline in Sub Saharan Africa written by David Shapiro and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) was the last major world region to experience the fertility decline that all industrialized countries have gone through and that much of the developing world has experienced in large part. It has uniquely high fertility: at present, the United Nations estimates the total fertility rate at 5.1 for SSA, compared to 2.2 for both Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean. The ongoing fertility transition in the region has been comparatively slow and subject to stalling. At the same time, women's educational attainment and infant and child mortality have been shown in the demography literature to be important determinants of fertility and fertility decline. Since the 1980s, fertility in sub-Saharan Africa has been falling in many countries while women's school enrollment and educational attainment have been increasing and infant and child mortality for the most part has been declining. Previous research using aggregated data has shown the importance of growth in women's schooling and reduction in infant and child mortality as major factors contributing to fertility decline in the region. This research uses individual-level micro data and a well-known decomposition technique for analyzing differences or changes to quantify the importance of increased women's education and declining infant and child mortality in contributing to the observed declines in fertility in numerous countries. More specifically, this paper examines the quantitative impact of these two factors in sub-Saharan Africa in contributing to the ongoing decline in fertility that has been taking place in the region. Data come from 31 countries, and are from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). The methodology is to decompose observed changes in fertility to changes attributable to different factors, including the two key variables of interest - women's education and infant and child mortality - and two control variables, urbanization and age.
Download or read book Demographic Change in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview includes chapters on child mortality, adult mortality, fertility, proximate determinants, marriage, internal migration, international migration, and the demographic impact of AIDS.
Download or read book The Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by John Bongaarts and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertility Transitions in Sub Saharan Africa written by Amson Sibanda and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertility and Its Proximate Determinants in Sub Saharan Africa written by Ron J. Lesthaeghe and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Age specific Fertility Dynamics written by Athena Pantazis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persistent high fertility in sub-Saharan Africa has been of concern to demographers and global health experts for decades. Sub-Saharan African fertility levels and trends are singled out as markedly higher and different than the rest of the world and from what is expected based on historic fertility trends. Global population projections, which indicate continued population growth in sub-Saharan Africa while population stabilizes and declines elsewhere brings renewed focus on African fertility. This dissertation seeks to address some of the challenges to understanding modern fertility regimes and fertility dynamics posed by persistent high fertility in sub-Saharan Africa by examining it in a global, demographic context. Population measures of sterility are traditionally constructed for women, despite fertility and sterility being conditions of the couple. Estimates of male sterility provide insight into population-level sterility and complement estimates based solely on women. Chapter 2 seeks to estimate male sterility for the Gwembe Tonga of Zambia using male birth histories collected by the Gwembe Tonga Research Project from 1957 to 1995, while providing context by estimating female sterility for the Gwembe Tonga as well as female sterility in all of Zambia from Zambian DHS data (1992, 1997, 2001-02, and 2007). Sterility is measured using the Larson-Menken subsequently infertile indicator. Estimates are produced using discrete time event history analysis. The odds of sterility were higher for women than men, though women's odds of sterility were only 1.5 times that of men's in the middle reproductive years. The odds of sterility increased steadily with age for both men and women, and across all datasets. However, women's sterility increased much more sharply with age than men's and women's odds of sterility were higher than men's at all reproductive ages. Chapter 3 aims to understand trends in global fertility from 1950-2010 though the analysis of age-specific fertility rates. This approach incorporates both the overall level, as when the total fertility rate is modeled, and different patterns of age-specific fertility to examine the relationship between changes in age-specific fertility and fertility decline. Singular value decomposition is used to capture the variation in age-specific fertility curves while reducing the number of dimensions, allowing curves to be described nearly fully with three parameters. Regional patterns and trends over time are evident in parameter values, suggesting this method provides a useful tool for considering fertility decline globally. The second and third parameters were analyzed using model-based clustering to examine patterns of age-specific fertility over time and place; four clusters were obtained. A country's demographic transition can be traced through time by membership in the different clusters, with regional patterns in the trajectories through time and with fertility decline. Generally determinants of fertility decline are hypothesized to encourage declines at specific ages as a result of the mechanisms by which these determinants exert influence on fertility. Using the reduced parameterization of age-specific developed in this dissertation, Chapter 4 aims to examine the association of determinants of fertility with age-specific fertility curves to test hypotheses regarding how determinants of fertility decline are associated with age-specific fertility. Results of this analysis corroborate predictions made in the literature about how age-specific fertility is affected by mortality, development, HIV prevalence, women's empowerment, contraception use and urbanization. However, some hypotheses were not born out, notably the association between low mortality and stopping behavior. The evidence indicates that these relationships are not uniform across world regions and that these relationships are different across world regions.
Download or read book Population Dynamics of Senegal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the last in the series Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa, examines key demographic changes in Senegal over the past several decades. It analyzes the changes in fertility and their causes, with comparisons to other sub-Saharan countries. It also analyzes the causes and patterns of declines in mortality, focusing particularly on rural and urban differences.
Download or read book Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa Impacts of Education on Fertility for Ages 15 24 written by Caroline Kisato and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been exceptional as compared to other regions globally. The speed of fertility decline has been slower in most African countries with an average total fertility rate (TFR) of 4.7 children per woman in 2015-2020 (United Nations, 2019). This figure is more than double the average rate of other world regions (Asia, Caribbean, Europe and Latin America) whose fertility levels have declined to 2.2 children per woman or less. The high fertility rates in SSA are contributing to an increase in population growth with projections expecting the number to double by 2050. This “African exception” is raising concern for researchers and policy makers. -- This study uses secondary data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of Ethiopia (2000, 2005, 2011, 2016), Kenya (2003, 2008-09, 2014), Malawi (2000, 2004, 2010, 2015-16) and Mali (2001, 2006, 2012-12, 2018) to conduct analysis of fertility rates among ages 15-24. There are approximately 880 million young women aged 15-24 years globally (UNAIDS, 2014). Sub-Saharan Africa comprises of an adolescent population of more than 250 million (20% globally) aged 10-19 and expected to increase to 24% by 2030 (United Nations, 2019). Whereas adolescent youth are projected to decline in Asia from “715 million in 2015 to 711 in 2030 and 619 million in 2060”, Africa is experiencing a rapid growth with projections of 42% increase by 2030 (UN population, 2015). Adolescents and young women aged 15-24 in SSA face myriad challenges such as child marriage, adolescent childbearing, low use of modern contraceptives, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion practices and low levels of education attainment. The Bongaarts framework of proximate determinants of fertility is used to interpret the data. -- This study revealed that there is a relationship between education attainment of women ages 15-24 and the proximate determinants of fertility (age at first birth, index of contraception use and breastfeeding). A higher percentage of women of childbearing age with higher education levels were using modern contraceptives as compared to those women with no formal education. In contrast, the median duration of postpartum is higher among women with no formal education in contrast to women with higher education. More women in all education categories are using some sort of modern contraceptive as compared with traditional or folk methods of contraception. However, fewer women with secondary or higher education are breastfeeding which has repercussions on the wellbeing of mother and child. -- This study confirms that the education attainment of women ages 15-24 slows down fertility rates in the selected four countries as the women delay age at first marriage and utilise modern contraceptives.
Download or read book Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by Susan Hill Cochrane and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by F. Eelens and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa and Their Possible Use in Fertility Projections written by Jean-Pierre Guengant and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Socioeconomic Determinants of Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by Martha Ainsworth and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Dynamics of Adolescent Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This examination of changes in adolescent fertility emphasizes the changing social context within which adolescent childbearing takes place.
