Download or read book Challenges in Modelling and Simulation of Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Jebraeel Gholinezhad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the problems involved in the modelling and simulation of shale gas reservoirs, and details recent advances in the field. It discusses various modelling and simulation challenges, such as the complexity of fracture networks, adsorption phenomena, non-Darcy flow, and natural fracture networks, presenting the latest findings in these areas. It also discusses the difficulties of developing shale gas models, and compares analytical modelling and numerical simulations of shale gas reservoirs with those of conventional reservoirs. Offering a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in developing shale gas models and simulators in the upstream oil industry, it allows readers to gain a better understanding of these reservoirs and encourages more systematic research on efficient exploitation of shale gas plays. It is a valuable resource for researchers interested in the modelling of unconventional reservoirs and graduate students studying reservoir engineering. It is also of interest to practising reservoir and production engineers.
Download or read book Flow Mechanisms and Numerical Simulation of Gas Production from Shale Reservoirs written by Chaohua Guo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Shale gas is one kind of the unconventional resources which is becoming an ever increasing component to secure the natural gas supply in U.S. Different from conventional hydrocarbon formations, shale gas reservoirs (SGRs) present numerous challenges to modeling and understanding due to complex pore structure, ultra-low permeability, and multiple transport mechanisms. In this study, the deviation against conventional gas flow have been detected in the lab experiments for gas flow through nano membranes. Based on the experimental results, a new apparent permeability expression is proposed with considering viscous flow, Knudsen diffusion, and slip flow. The gas flow mechanisms of gas flow in the SGRs have been studied using well test method with considering multiple flow mechanisms including desorption, diffusive flow, Darcy flow and stress-sensitivity. Type curves were plotted and different flow regimes were identified. Sensitivity analysis of adsorption and fracturing parameters on gas production performance have been analyzed. Then, numerical simulation study have been conducted for the SGRs with considering multiple mechanisms, including viscous flow, Knudsen diffusion, Klinkenberg effect, pore radius change, gas desorption, and gas viscosity change. Results show that adsorption and gas viscosity change will have a great impact on gas production. At last, the numerical simulation model for SGRs with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing horizontal well has been constructed. Sensitivity analysis for reservoir and fracturing parameters on gas production performance have been conducted. Results show that hydraulic fracture parameters are more sensitive compared with reservoir parameters. The study in this project can contribute to the understanding and simulation of SGRs"--Abstract, page iv.
Download or read book Modelling in Nanoporous Shale written by Liehui Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-10-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the problems involved in the modelling and simulation of shale gas reservoirs at pore scale, and details recent advances in the field. It presents the construction of simulation methods, mainly using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), that describe sorption, flow, and transport in nanoporous shale with some case studies. This book highlights the nanoscale effects, ascribed to the large surface-to-volume ratio, on fluids occurrence and transport physics. It discusses some interesting phenomena occurs at nanoporous shale, such as absorbed water film, water condensation, sorption hysteresis, surface excess adsorption, Knudsen diffusion, surface diffusion, structural fluid density, no-slip boundary, etc. The key techniques and methods introduced in this book provide the basis for accurate prediction of gas-well productivity. The basic principles and modeling methods are also relevant to many other nanoporous applications in science and engineering. The book aims to provide a valuable reference resource for researchers and professional scientists and engineers working on shale gas development and nanoporous media research.
Download or read book Shale Gas and Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation written by Wei Yu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shale Gas and Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation delivers the latest research and applications used to better manage and interpret simulating production from shale gas and tight oil reservoirs. Starting with basic fundamentals, the book then includes real field data that will not only generate reliable reserve estimation, but also predict the effective range of reservoir and fracture properties through multiple history matching solutions. Also included are new insights into the numerical modelling of CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery in tight oil reservoirs. This information is critical for a better understanding of the impacts of key reservoir properties and complex fractures. Models the well performance of shale gas and tight oil reservoirs with complex fracture geometries Teaches how to perform sensitivity studies, history matching, production forecasts, and economic optimization for shale-gas and tight-oil reservoirs Helps readers investigate data mining techniques, including the introduction of nonparametric smoothing models
Download or read book History matching and Forecasting of Three Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoirs Using Decline Analyses and Type Curves written by Hammad Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir modeling of shale gas and tight oil presents numerous challenges due to complicated transport mechanisms and the existence of fracture networks. Even then, oil and gas companies have not slowed down on shale hydrocarbon investment and production using horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques. Many small oil companies may not have the budget to build a reservoir model which typically requires drilling test wells and performing well logging measurements. Even for large oil companies, building a reservoir model is not worthwhile for the evaluation of small-scale oil fields. Comprehensive numerical simulation methods are likely impractical in those cases. Decline Curve Analysis (DCA) is one of the most convenient and practical techniques in order to forecast the production of these reservoirs. With the rapid increase in shale hydrocarbon production over the past 30 years, there have been numerous production data for shale gas reservoirs. Many different DCA models have been constructed to model the shale hydrocarbon production rate, from the classical Arps to the latest and more advanced models; each has its advantages and shortcomings. In practice and in all existing commercial DCA software, most of these DCA models are implemented and open to be used. Most of the deterministic DCA models are empirical and lack a physical background so that they cannot be used for history-matching of the reservoir properties. In this study, popular DCA models for shale gas reservoirs are reviewed, including the types of reservoirs they fit. Their advantages and disadvantages have also been presented. This work will serve as a guideline for petroleum engineers to determine which DCA models should be applied to different shale hydrocarbon fields and production periods. The research objective also includes evaluating the performance of top unconventional plays (Bakken, Barnett, and Eagle Ford). Productions by counties are analyzed and compared to see how they stack up against each other. One section of this study also sheds some light on the future of shale gas and tight oil plays based on the simulation of models created.
Download or read book Unconventional Methods for Geoscience Shale Gas and Petroleum in the 21st Century written by J. Watada and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2023-09-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the turn of the century, geology has advanced dramatically, with materials derived from extra-terrestrial sources meaning that it now encompasses cosmology, and new technologies providing ever more sophisticated possibilities for the conducting of research. This book, Unconventional Methods for Geoscience, Shale Gas and Petroleum in the 21st Century, aims to provide research directions for geology in the 21st century. As Eric Hobsbawm wrote, it is difficult to write the history of one’s own days, and selecting influential methods was no easy task, but an attempt has been made to include the most influential papers that represent the smart geology of the first few decades of the 21st century. The book presents 22 papers; the first serves as an introduction to biology, which is now expanding into the science of the cosmos following the discovery of previously missing information, and the remaining 21 papers are divided into 3 sections entitled Modelling, Simulation and Optimization. The importance of theoretical approaches from physics, mathematics, and statistics underlying meta-heuristic methods, knowledge and approaches is acknowledged, and there is a chapter dedicated to deep learning. The book contributes to the exploration of various possible solutions to challenging problems in both the Earth’s geology and that of the cosmos, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Download or read book Well Production Performance Analysis for Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Liehui Zhang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well Production Performance Analysis for Shale Gas Reservoirs, Volume 66 presents tactics and discussions that are urgently needed by the petroleum community regarding unconventional oil and gas resources development and production. The book breaks down the mechanics of shale gas reservoirs and the use of mathematical models to analyze their performance. Features an in-depth analysis of shale gas horizontal fractured wells and how they differ from their conventional counterparts Includes detailed information on the testing of fractured horizontal wells before and after fracturing Offers in-depth analysis of numerical simulation and the importance of this tool for the development of shale gas reservoirs
Download or read book Modelling and Simulation of Gas Adsorption in Shale Gas Reservoirs written by John Senam Fianu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Uncertainty Analysis and Reservoir Modeling written by Y. Zee Ma and published by AAPG. This book was released on 2011-12-20 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transport in Shale Reservoirs written by Kun Sang Lee and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-02-20 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport in Shale Reservoirs fills the need for a necessary, integrative approach on shale reservoirs. It delivers both the fundamental theories of transport in shale reservoirs and the most recent advancements in the recovery of shale oil and gas in one convenient reference. Shale reservoirs have distinctive features dissimilar to those of conventional reservoirs, thus an accurate evaluation on the behavior of shale gas reservoirs requires an integrated understanding on their characteristics and the transport of reservoir and fluids. Updates on the various transport mechanisms in shale, such as molecular diffusion and phase behavior in nano-pores Applies theory to practice through simulation in both shale oil and gas Presents an up-to-date reference on remaining challenges, such as organic material in the shale simulation and multicomponent transport in CO2 injection processes
Download or read book A Comprehensive Numerical Model for Simulating Two phase Flow in Shale Gas Reservoirs with Complex Hydraulic and Natural Fractures written by Mohammad Hamad AlTwaijri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increase in energy demand has played a significant role in the persistent exploitation and exploration of unconventional oil and gas resources. Shale gas reservoirs are one of the major unconventional resources. Advancements in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques have been the key to achieve economic rates of production from these shale gas reservoirs. In addition to their ultra-low permeability, shale gas reservoirs are characterized by their complex gas transport mechanisms and complex natural and induced (hydraulic) fracture geometries. Production from shale gas reservoirs is predominantly composed of two-phase flow of gas and water. However, proper modeling of the two-phase behavior as well as incorporating the complex fracture geometries have been a challenge within the industry. Due to the limitation of the local grid refinement (LGR) approach, hydraulic fractures are assumed to be planar (orthogonal), which is an unrealistic assumption. Although more flexible approaches are available, such as the use of unstructured grids, they require significantly high computational powers. In this research, an efficient embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) is introduced to explicitly model complex fracture geometries. The EDFM approach is capable of explicitly modeling complex fracture geometries without increasing the computational demand. Utilizing EDFM alongside a commercial simulator, a 3D reservoir model is constructed to investigate the effect of complex fracture geometries on the two-phase flow of a shale gas well. In this investigation, varying degrees of hydraulic fracture complexity with 1-set and 2-set natural fractures were tested. The simulation results confirm the importance of properly modeling fracture complexity, highlighting that it plays an integral part in the estimation of gas and water recoveries. In addition, the simulation results hint to the pronounced effect of fracture interference as fracture complexity increases. Finally, variable fracture conductivities and initial water saturation values were analyzed to further assess their effect on the two-phase production behavior of the shale gas well. This study examines the effect of non-orthogonal complex fracture geometry on the two-phase flow of shale gas wells. The work can provide a significant insight toward understanding the extent to which fracture complexity can affect the performance of shale gas wells.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Gas Shale Reservoirs written by Reza Rezaee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive information about the key exploration, development and optimization concepts required for gas shale reservoirs Includes statistics about gas shale resources and countries that have shale gas potential Addresses the challenges that oil and gas industries may confront for gas shale reservoir exploration and development Introduces petrophysical analysis, rock physics, geomechanics and passive seismic methods for gas shale plays Details shale gas environmental issues and challenges, economic consideration for gas shale reservoirs Includes case studies of major producing gas shale formations
Download or read book Modeling of Gas Transport in Shale Matrix from Nanoscale to Reservoir Scale written by Keliu Wu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-10-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers continue to understand shale gas reservoirs and how to improve well productivity. One aspect is through pore transport, but this is an advanced level of research unlike any conventional method or model. Modeling of Gas Transport in Shale Matrix from Nanoscale to Reservoir Scale delivers a necessary reference to engineers and researchers on how to approach, model, and validate gas transport through multi-scale phenomena. Bridging between theory and practical, the reference walks the engineer through the scope of the project, establishing a model, illustrating the case study through workflow charts and follow up actions needed, then rounds out with project results, remaining challenges, and future references to advance learning. Supported from a strong group of experts in the field, Modeling of Gas Transport in Shale Matrix from Nanoscale to Reservoir Scale gives today's engineers and researchers the most advanced research and field application knowledge to understand unconventional shale gas and increase overall well productivity.
Download or read book Various Topics in Unconventional Reservoir Simulation written by Yajie Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recent progress in technologies such as hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, unconventional resource development has exploded in recent years. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain for shale reservoirs because of the extensive number of uncertainties. Without proper characterization processes, extracting economic values from these projects will be difficult, and optimizations for future plans will also be challenging. Therefore, efficient models in production mechanism, management and optimization have gradually become hot topics among the petroleum industry. This study aims to address various crucial challenges during the production process of shale reservoirs, including unconventional well gas oil ratio (GOR) characterization, choke management, and well spacing optimization. Due to the ultra-low permeability and porosity, the fluid phase behavior in shale reservoirs significantly differs from the conventional fluid behavior and increases the production forecasting complexity. A substantial effort to better understand the mechanism is to characterize the unconventional well GOR, which always plays as a critical indicator to help predict long-term oil/gas production trends and develop appropriate production strategies. In this research, GOR behavior was first evaluated by a set of comprehensive sensitivity studies in a tight oil well model, which helped to investigate the key drivers that can impact the GOR response in unconventional resources. Then, a parent-child well-set case in Eagle Ford was presented. Through detailed characterization of the producing GOR, an improved understanding of the parent-child well behavior and the fracture hit impact can be obtained. In order to improve the efficiency of field operation, seeking for proper operation plan has been the focusing topic among the oil and gas industry. Choke management strategy selection is one of the essential measures to regulate fluid flow and control downstream system pressure, which could significantly impact the well production rate and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). In this study, we utilized the non-intrusive embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) method to handle complicated fracture designs and predicted the long-term EUR from conservative to aggressive choke strategy. Meanwhile, a series of sensitivity studies were presented to evaluate the impacts of various factors on shale gas production, including fracture permeability modulus, fracture closure level, and natural fractures network. The model becomes a valuable stencil to design fracture closure and complex fracture networks, which is a significant improvement for a more reliable choke management model in unconventional area. Another crucial part for well performance improvement is well spacing optimization. Consistent estimates of well spacing help reduce the impact of complex uncertainties from unconventional reservoirs, thereby improving the EUR and enhancing economic growth. We demonstrated a case study on well spacing optimization in a shale gas reservoir located in the Sichuan Basin in China. By using the advanced EDFM technology, complex natural fractures can be effectively captured and simulated. In this study, five different well spacing scenarios ranging from 300 m to 500 m were simulated individually to find the optimum well spacing that maximizes the economic revenue. As the practicability and the convenience showed in this workflow, it becomes feasible to be utilized in any other shale gas well
Download or read book A Novel Approach For the Simulation of Multiple Flow Mechanisms and Porosities in Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Bicheng Yan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The state of the art of modeling fluid flow in shale gas reservoirs is dominated by dual porosity models that divide the reservoirs into matrix blocks that significantly contribute to fluid storage and fracture networks which principally control flow capacity. However, recent extensive microscopic studies reveal that there exist massive micro- and nano- pore systems in shale matrices. Because of this, the actual flow mechanisms in shale reservoirs are considerably more complex than can be simulated by the conventional dual porosity models and Darcy's Law. Therefore, a model capturing multiple pore scales and flow can provide a better understanding of complex flow mechanisms occurring in these reservoirs. Through the use of a unique simulator, this research work establishes a micro-scale multiple-porosity model for fluid flow in shale reservoirs by capturing the dynamics occurring in three separate porosity systems: organic matter (mainly kerogen); inorganic matter; and natural fractures. Inorganic and organic portions of shale matrix are treated as sub-blocks with different attributes, such as wettability and pore structures. In the organic matter or kerogen, gas desorption and diffusion are the dominant physics. Since the flow regimes are sensitive to pore size, the effects of smaller pores (mainly nanopores and picopores) and larger pores (mainly micropores and nanopores) in kerogen are incorporated in the simulator. The separate inorganic sub-blocks mainly contribute to the ability to better model dynamic water behavior. The multiple porosity model is built upon a unique tool for simulating general multiple porosity systems in which several porosity systems may be tied to each other through arbitrary transfer functions and connectivities. This new model will allow us to better understand complex flow mechanisms and in turn to extend simulation to the reservoir scale including hydraulic fractures through upscaling techniques. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151163
Download or read book Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs written by Yu Wang and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a reference book for advanced graduate students and research engineers in shale gas development or rock mechanical engineering. Globally, there is widespread interest in exploiting shale gas resources to meet rising energy demands, maintain energy security and stability in supply and reduce dependence on higher carbon sources of energy, namely coal and oil. However, extracting shale gas is a resource intensive process and is dependent on the geological and geomechanical characteristics of the source rocks, making the development of certain formations uneconomic using current technologies. Therefore, evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of shale, together with technological advancements, is critical in verifying the economic viability of such formation. Accurate geomechanical information about the rock and its variation through the shale is important since stresses along the wellbore can control fracture initiation and frac development. In addition, hydraulic fracturing has been widely employed to enhance the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex operation in which the fluid is pumped at a high pressure into a selected section of the wellbore. The interaction between the hydraulic fractures and natural fractures is the key to fracturing effectiveness prediction and high gas development. The development and growth of a hydraulic fracture through the natural fracture systems of shale is probably more complex than can be described here, but may be somewhat predictable if the fracture system and the development of stresses can be explained. As a result, comprehensive shale geomechanical experiments, physical modeling experiment and numerical investigations should be conducted to reveal the fracturing mechanical behaviors of shale.
Download or read book Unconventional Shale Gas Development written by Rouzbeh G. Moghanloo and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unconventional Shale Gas Development: Lessons Learned gives engineers the latest research developments and practical applications in today’s operations. Comprised of both academic and corporate contributors, a balanced critical review on technologies utilized are covered. Environmental topics are presented, including produced water management and sustainable operations in gas systems. Machine learning applications, well integrity and economic challenges are also covered to get the engineer up-to-speed. With its critical elements, case studies, history plot visuals and flow charts, the book delivers a critical reference to get today’s petroleum engineers updated on the latest research and applications surrounding shale gas systems. Bridges the gap between the latest research developments and practical applications through case studies and workflow charts Helps readers understand the latest developments from the balanced viewpoint of academic and corporate contributors Considers environmental and sustainable operations in shale gas systems, including produced water management