Download or read book Grappling with the Bomb written by Nic Maclellan and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grappling with the Bomb is a history of Britain’s 1950s program to test the hydrogen bomb, code name Operation Grapple. In 1957–58, nine atmospheric nuclear tests were held at Malden Island and Christmas Island—today, part of the Pacific nation of Kiribati. Nearly 14,000 troops travelled to the central Pacific for the UK nuclear testing program—many are still living with the health and environmental consequences. Based on archival research and interviews with nuclear survivors, Grappling with the Bomb presents i-Kiribati woman Sui Kiritome, British pacifist Harold Steele, businessman James Burns, Fijian sailor Paul Ah Poy, English volunteers Mary and Billie Burgess and many other witnesses to Britain’s nuclear folly.

Download or read book The International Court of Justice written by Serena Forlati and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, and epitomizes the very notion of international judicial institution. Yet, it decides inter-State disputes only with the parties’ consent. This makes it more similar to international arbitral tribunals than other international courts. However, the permanent nature of the Court, the predetermination of procedural rules by the Statute and the Rules of Court, the public character of proceedings, the opportunity for third States to intervene in a case under Articles 62 and 63 of the Statute and the Court's role as the principal judicial organ of the United Nations mark a structural difference between the ICJ and non-institutionalized international arbitral tribunals. This book analyses if and to what extent these features have influenced the approach of the ICJ (and of the PCIJ before it) to its own judicial function and have led it to depart from the principles established in international arbitration.

Download or read book The Crisis of Multilateral Legal Order written by Lukasz Gruszczynski and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multilateralism has served as a foundation for international cooperation over the past several decades. Championed after the Second World War by the United States and Western Europe, it expanded into a broader global system of governance with the end of the Cold War. Lately, an increasing number of States appear to be disappointed with the existing multilateral arrangements, both at the level of norms and that of institutions. The great powers see unilateral and bilateral strategies, which maximize their political leverage rather than diluting it in multilateral fora, as more effective ways for controlling the course of international affairs. The signs of the crisis have been visible for some time – but recent crises indicate an acceleration of the on-going disintegration of the multilateral system, such as Brexit, growing resistance on the part of States to international monitoring of compliance and the radical change in the US foreign policy during the presidency of Donald Trump which saw the US withdraw from several multilateral agreements (e.g. the Iran Nuclear Deal and the Paris Agreement), leave some international organizations or bodies (e.g. the United Nations Human Rights Council or the World Health Organization) or paralyze some others (e.g. the World Trade Organization (WTO)). Tackling the debate surrounding the crisis of multilateralism and the related transformation of the underlying international legal order, The Crisis of Multilateral Legal Order analyzes selected aspects of the current crisis from the perspective of public international law to identify the nature of the crisis, its dynamics, and implications.

Download or read book The International Court of Justice and the Judicial Function written by Gleider I Hernández and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the concept of the function of law through the prism of the International Court of Justice. It goes beyond a conventional analysis of the Court's case law and applicable law, to consider the compromise between supranational order and state sovereignty that lies at the heart of its institutional design. It argues that this compromise prevents the Court from playing a progressive role in the development of international law. Instead, it influences the international legal order in more subtle ways, in particular, in shaping understanding of the nature or form of the international legal order as a whole. The book concludes that the role of the Court is not to advance some universal conception of international law but rather to decide the cases before it in the best possible way within its institutional limits, while remaining aware of law's deeper theoretical foundations. The book considers three key elements: firstly, it examines the historical aspects of the Court's constitutive Statute, and the manner in which it defines its judicial character. Secondly, it considers the drafting process, the function of a dissenting opinion, and the role of the individual judge, in an attempt to discern insights on the function of the Court. Finally, the book examines the Court's practice in regard to three conceptual issues which assist in understanding the Court's function: its theory of precedent; its definition of the 'international community'; and its theory on the completeness of the international legal order.

Download or read book United States Nuclear Tests written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document lists chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. Two nuclear weapons that the United States exploded over Japan ending World War II are not listed. These detonations were not "tests" in the sense that they were conducted to prove that the weapon would work as designed (as was the first test near Alamogordo, New Mexico on July 16, 1945), or to advance nuclear weapon design, or to determine weapons effects, or to verify weapon safety as were the more than one thousand tests that have taken place since June 30,1946. The nuclear weapon (nicknamed "Little Boy") dropped August 6,1945 from a United States Army Air Force B-29 bomber (the Enola Gay) and detonated over Hiroshima, Japan had an energy yield equivalent to that of 15,000 tons of TNT. The nuclear weapon (virtually identical to "Fat Man") exploded in a similar fashion August 9, 1945 over Nagaski, Japan had a yield of 21,000 tons of TNT. Both detonations were intended to end World War II as quickly as possible. Data on United States tests were obtained from, and verified by, the U.S. Department of Energy's three weapons laboratories -- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Additionally, data were obtained from public announcements issued by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and its successors, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, and the U.S. Department of Energy, respectively.

Download or read book The Problem of Enforcement in International Law written by Elena Katselli Proukaki and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the contentious topic of how collective and community issues should be protected and enforced in international law. Elena Katselli Proukaki takes a detailed look at the issue of third-State countermeasures, and considers the work the International Law Commission has done in this area. The volume addresses both the theory and practice of third-State countermeasures within international law. Critically reviewing the conclusions of the International Law Commission on the non-existence of a right to third-State countermeasures, it includes consideration of examples of State practice not previously covered in the literature of this topic. In taking a thorough view of the issues involved the author identifies concerns about third-State countermeasures which remain unanswered, and considers the possible legal ramifications arising from a clash between a right to third-State countermeasures and obligations arising from other international norms. The Problem of Enforcement in International Law explores questions evolving around the nature, integrity and effectiveness of international law and the role it is called to play in a contemporary context. This book is of great interest and value not only for specialists in this area of international law, but also human rights, trade and EU lawyers, practitioners, legal advisers, and students.

Download or read book Reservations in Unilateral Declarations Accepting the Compulsory Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice written by Alexandrov and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the reservations to the acceptance of compulsory jurisdiction included in declarations made by States under Article 36(2) of the Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice and of the Statute of the International Court of Justice and discusses the practical application by the Court of the principle of reciprocity to such reservations in contentious cases submitted to it under Article 36(2). It has been considered that, due to acceptance conditioned by so many diverse, and complicated reservations, the compulsory jurisdiction of the Court has been declining in significance. The recent trend of acceptance of the compulsory jurisdiction does not support such a conclusion. Since the practice of making declarations with reservations has continued, further study of the Court's jurisprudence in dealing with such reservations seems necessary. This analysis attempts to show that reservations in unilateral declarations do not contribute to the decline of the Optional Clause. In fact, reservations provide for the flexibility which many States consider essential in accepting the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice. Thus, the right to include a variety of reservations in unilateral declarations may in fact contribute to the wider acceptance of compulsory jurisdiction.

Download or read book The Oceans Key Issues in Marine Affairs written by Hance D. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-03 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans provide a great challenge for the development and management of planet earth by humankind. This book covers new approaches to the development of the law of the sea, the division of the oceans among states, and new thinking on institutions in depth.

Download or read book Compulsory Jurisdiction in International Law written by Vanda Lamm and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The system of optional clause declarations is a unique regime of compulsory jurisdiction based on the two World Courts� Statutes. This timely book offers a wide-ranging academic survey of the developments of that system, the theoretical and procedural

Download or read book Transboundary Environmental Interference and the Origin of State Liability written by Lefeber and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2023-09-14 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-going deterioration of the state of the environment and the continuous risk of an environmental disaster has forced society to reconsider its environmental and developmental objectives. For economic and environmental reasons, the costs of prevention and reparation of environmental harm should be channelled to the polluter. However, such channelling may run counter to legal principles. This work scrutinizes this field of tension between economic and legal principles at state level. It provides a unique analysis of traditional thinking on state liability for transboundary harm and the theories which have challenged it since the proliferation of hazardous activities in the 1960s. The author favours a return to traditional thinking, but has an eye for the theories that challenged it with the aim of safeguarding the compensation of victims of transboundary harm.

Download or read book Global Justice and Sustainable Development written by Duncan French and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recognising the significant role law, especially international law, can play in supporting the objectives of global justice and sustainable development, this edited collection provides a wide-ranging analysis of some of the most fundamental challenges facing global society.

Download or read book Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice written by Hanqin Xue and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Court of Justice, principal judicial organ of the United Nations, plays an important and unique role in the peaceful settlement of international disputes. As a third-party mechanism, it is a highly technical and well-structured institution. Through its continuous and consistent jurisprudence, it provides legal certainty, stability and predictability to the interpretation and application of international law. This special course intends to introduce some general concepts that underlie international adjudication and the basic rules and principles governing the competence and jurisdiction of the Court. Notwithstanding its prominence, the Court does not have a general and unconditional competence in dispute resolution. Its jurisdiction is based on the consent of the States, both in general terms as well as in each specific case, which reflects the attributes of the State system. Jurisdiction is a substantive matter. The Court’s decision on the question of jurisdiction is no less important than on the merits.

Download or read book Exploring Environmental Violence written by Richard A. Marcantonio and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a range of scholarly and cultural perspectives on environmental violence from around the world.

Download or read book The International Court of Justice And Some Contemporary Problems written by Taslim Olawale Elias and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 1983-05-24 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 2022 the Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence written by Ziccardi Capaldo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence is a one-stop resource for all researchers studying international law generally or international tribunals specifically. The Yearbook is based on a cutting-edge project, unique in the panorama of international law yearbooks. Its project moves from a global perspective rather than a sectoral perspective or a spatial, national, or regional one. Its scope is that of annually monitoring the changes of international law and the transition to a global community, exploring its law (global constitutional principles), governance, and justice through a meaningful global jurisprudence. The Yearbook has established itself as an authoritative source of reference on global legal issues and international jurisprudence. It includes analysis of the most significant global trends in a way that allows readers to monitor the development of the global legal order from several perspectives. The Yearbook publishes annually in a volume of carefully chosen primary source material and corresponding expert commentary. The general editor, Professor Emeritus Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, employs her vast expertise in international law to select excerpts from important court opinions and to choose experts from around the world to contribute essay-guides, which illuminate those cases. Although the main focus is recent case law from the major international tribunals and regional courts, the first four parts of each year's edition feature expert articles by renowned scholars who address broader themes in current and future developments in international law and global policy. The Global Community Yearbook has thus become not just an indispensable window to recent jurisprudence; the series also serves to prepare researchers for the issues facing emerging global law. The 2022 edition both updates readers on the important work of longstanding international tribunals and introduces readers to more novel topics in international law. The Yearbook continues to provide expert coverage of the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ) and diverse tribunals from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), to criminal tribunals such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (MICT), to economically based tribunals such as ICSID and the WTO Dispute Resolution panel, to courts of human rights (ECtHR, IACtHR, ACtHPR). This edition also examines developments in the War in Ukraine and the consequences of the proliferation of disinformation, as well as international efforts to protect the cultural heritage of vulnerable populations. Scholars also explore the evidentiary value of reports drafted by NGOs and developments in reparations modalities, among other topics. The Yearbook provides students, scholars, and practitioners alike a valuable combination of expert discussion and direct quotes from the court opinions to which that discussion relates, as well as an annual overview of the process of cross-fertilization between international courts and tribunals.

Download or read book Provisional and Emergency Measures in International Arbitration written by Julien Fouret and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-01 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in the complexity and length of international arbitration procedures has resulted in a growing demand for both provisional and emergency measures to facilitate the preservation of the parties’ rights until a final award is rendered. In Provisional and Emergency Measures in International Arbitration, Julien Fouret has brought together many of the leading international arbitration practitioners to examine this highly topical subject.

Download or read book International Law and Power written by Kaiyan Homi Kaikobad and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Undoubtedly one of the paragons of public international law in contemporary times, Colin Warbrick is truly held in high esteem by his peers at home and abroad. His breadth of knowledge is reflected in a large number of scholarly works and in his appointment as a Specialist Adviser to the Select Committee on the Constitution of the House of Lords and as a consultant to both the Council of Europe and OSCE. This "festschrift" celebrates on his retirement as Barber Professor of Jurisprudence at Birmingham University, his extraordinary talent and academic career by bringing together a group of eminent judges, practitioners and academics to write on international human rights, international criminal justice and international order and security, fields in which Professor Warbrick has left an indelible mark.