Download or read book Carnivores Herbivores and Forestry written by Ulrich Wotschikowsky and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large Carnivores and the Conservation of Biodiversity written by Justina Ray and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large Carnivores and the Conservation of Biodiversity brings together more than thirty leading scientists and conservation practitioners to consider a key question in environmental conservation: Is the conservation of large carnivores in ecosystems that evolved with their presence equivalent to the conservation of biological diversity within those systems? Building their discussions from empirical, long-term data sets, contributors including James A. Estes, David S. Maehr, Tim McClanahan, Andrès J. Novaro, John Terborgh, and Rosie Woodroffe explore a variety of issues surrounding the link between predation and biodiversity: What is the evidence for or against the link? Is it stronger in marine systems? What are the implications for conservation strategies? Large Carnivores and the Conservation of Biodiversity is the first detailed, broad-scale examination of the empirical evidence regarding the role of large carnivores in biodiversity conservation in both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. It contributes to a much more precise and global understanding of when, where, and whether protecting and restoring top predators will directly contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. Everyone concerned with ecology, biodiversity, or large carnivores will find this volume a unique and thought-provoking analysis and synthesis.
Download or read book Large Herbivore Ecology Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation written by Kjell Danell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-25 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most large herbivores require some type of management within their habitats. Some populations of large herbivores are at the brink of extinction, some are under discussion for reintroduction, whilst others already occur in dense populations causing conflicts with other land use. Large herbivores are the major drivers for forming the shape and function of terrestrial ecosystems. This 2006 book addresses the scientifically based action plans to manage both the large herbivore populations and their habitats worldwide. It covers the processes by which large herbivores not only affect their environment (e.g. grazing) but are affected by it (e.g. nutrient cycling) and the management strategies required. Also discussed are new modeling techniques, which help assess integration processes in a landscape context, as well as assessing the consequences of new developments in the processes of conservation. This book will be essential reading for all involved in the management of both large herbivores and natural resources.
Download or read book Large Predators Limit Herbivore Densities in Northern Forest Ecosystems written by William J. Ripple and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a lack of scientific consensus about how top-down and bottom-up forces interact to structure terrestrial ecosystems. This is especially true for systems with large carnivore and herbivore species where the effects of predation versus food limitation on herbivores are controversial. Uncertainty exists whether top-down forces driven by large carnivores are common, and if so, how their influences vary with predator guild composition and primary productivity. Based on data and information in 42 published studies from over a 50-year time span, we analyzed the composition of large predator guilds and prey densities across a productivity gradient in boreal and temperate forests of North America and Eurasia. We found that predation by large mammalian carnivores, especially sympatric gray wolves (Canis lupus) and bears (Ursus spp.), apparently limits densities of large mammalian herbivores. We found that cervid densities, measured in deer equivalents, averaged nearly six times greater in areas without wolves compared to areas with wolves. In areas with wolves, herbivore density increased only slightly with increasing productivity. These predator effects are consistent with the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis and appear to occur across a broad range of net primary productivities. Results are also consistent with theory on trophic cascades, suggesting widespread and topdown forcing by large carnivores on large herbivores in forest biomes across the northern hemisphere. These findings have important conservation implications involving not only the management of large carnivores but also that of large herbivores and plant communities.
Download or read book The Scientific Basis for Conserving Forest Carnivores written by Leonard F. Ruggiero and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cooperative effort by USDA Forest Service Research and the National Forest System assesses the state of knowledge related to the conservation status of four forest carnivores in the western United States: American marten, fisher, lynx, and wolverine. The conservation assessment reviews the biology and ecology of these species. It also discusses management considerations stemming from what is known and identifies information needed. Overall, we found huge knowledge gaps that make it difficult to evaluate the species' conservation status.
Download or read book Herbivores and Carnivores Explained written by Shirley Duke and published by Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All living things require energy to survive. Some animals can live off plants, while others must hunt prey to stay alive. Read all about the distinctions between herbivores and carnivores, their defining characteristics, and the importance of each group in the food chain.
Download or read book Deciduous Forest Food Chains written by Julia Vogel and published by ABDO. This book was released on 2010-09 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the food chain of a deciduous forest, from the plants that live in the forest to the herbivores, carnivores, and top carnivores, and explains how the chain is affected by seasons, decomposers, and human interference.
Download or read book Omnivores and Herbivores written by Michael Leach and published by Enslow Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treat readers to details about the diets that include meat and plants, and the diets that include only plants. Giraffes use their long necks to reach leaves they munch on all day, a key advantage for their herbivore diet. Pigs have such a strong sense of smell that they're able to detect animals that live underground, making them skilled omnivores. Through intriguing fun facts, vibrant photographs, and age-appropriate text, students will learn about the role food plays in the animal kingdom and understand why different animals have different feeding habits.
Download or read book Forest Food Webs written by William Anthony and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The animal kingdom contains several food webs linking all different animals to one another, such as apex predators, carnivores, and herbivores. Your readers will learn about forest food webs as they discover fun facts about animals that call the forest home. As they learn about this essential science curriculum topic, they'll find fun visualizations of food webs and helpful graphic organizers. Full-color photographs of forest animals provide an engaging look at this ecosystem, and the conversational tone makes learning about animals and their relationships fun and educational.
Download or read book Forest Carnivore Conservation and Management in the Interior Columbia Basin written by Gary William Witmer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest carnivores in the Pacific Northwest include 11 medium to large-sized mammalian species of canids, felids, mustelids, and ursids. These carnivores have widely differing status in the region, with some harvested in regulated furbearer seasons, some taken for depredations, and some protected because of rarity. Most large carnivores have declined in numbers or range from human encroachment, loss or modification of forest habitat, accidental deaths (e.g., mortality from vehicles), illegal kills, and our inability to adequately monitor and protect populations. Efforts to reverse these trends include new approaches to reduce conflicts with humans, research to better define habitat needs, formation of expert carnivore working groups, and use of Geographic Information System models to predict specific impacts of habitat modifications. Long-term preservation of large carnivores in the region is problematic unless we reduce forest fragmentation and conflicts with humans and improve our ability to quantitatively integrate population dynamics with landscape level habitat requirements.
Download or read book Only in Africa written by Norman Owen-Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demonstrates how Africa's physical features, savannas and abundant grazers enabled frugivorous apes to become savanna-living hunters.
Download or read book Silvicultural Systems for the Major Forest Types of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carnivore and Ungulate Responses to Cattle in a Grazed Forest Ecosystem written by Rebecca Camiello and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Habitat disturbance, a leading threat to biological diversity, comes in many forms and can alter the behavior of wildlife and reduce the amount of suitable habitat. Livestock grazing, a form of habitat disturbance, is the most widespread influence on native ecosystems of western North America. Research on the impacts of introduced domestic herbivores on wild carnivores and ungulates varies, and the degree to which wildlife species are affected is often species-specific. I used remote trail cameras to compare the activity patterns of black bears (Ursus americanus), coyotes (Canis latrans), bobcats (Lynx rufus), mountain lions (Puma concolor), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) in areas with and without cattle grazing before, during, and after the cattle grazing period in northeastern California. Bobcats and mountain lions had low overlap of activity with cattle. Bobcats shifted their activity patterns to have less overlap with cattle in allotments during the grazing period, and their relative probability of activity was greater in areas where there were no cattle present. Black bears, coyotes, and mule deer had high levels of overlapping activity with cattle. Deer shifted their activity patterns resulting in higher overlap with cattle in allotments during the grazing period. Relative probability of black bear activity was greater in areas without cattle presence. Conversely, relative probability of coyote activity was greater in areas with cattle. Elk activity moderately overlapped with cattle activity. These findings suggest that carnivores and ungulates display varying levels of sensitivity and behavioral plasticity in response to the presence of domestic herbivores on the landscape. Managers should carefully consider possible impacts to local wildlife populations when determining grazing timing and stocking rates, especially when a species is in decline or the habitat is in continuous degradation.
Download or read book Herbivores written by Jill Foran and published by Weigl Publishers. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbivores get their energy from the plant materials they eat. Some herbivorous mammals have more than one stomach chamber, which makes digesting plants easier. Learn more about herbivores and their important role in the food chain in Herbivores, a Fascinating Food Chains book.
Download or read book Aboveground Belowground Linkages written by Richard D. Bardgett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-29 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aboveground-Belowground Linkages provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of recent advances in our understanding of the roles that interactions between aboveground and belowground communities play in regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, and their responses to global change. It charts the historical development of this field of ecology and evaluates what can be learned from the recent proliferation of studies on the ecological and biogeochemical significance of aboveground-belowground linkages. The book is structured around four key topics: biotic interactions in the soil; plant community effects; the role of aboveground consumers; and the influence of species gains and losses. A concluding chapter draws together this information and identifies a number of cross-cutting themes, including consideration of aboveground-belowground feedbacks that occur at different spatial and temporal scales, the consequences of these feedbacks for ecosystem processes, and how aboveground-belowground interactions link to human-induced global change.
Download or read book Ecosystem Dynamics of the Boreal Forest The Kluane Project written by Vancouver Charles J. Krebs Professor of Zoology University of British Columbia and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001-03-31 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The boreal forest is one of the world's great ecosystems, stretching across North America and Eurasia in an unbroken band and containing about 25% of the world's closed canopy forests. The Kluane Boreal Forest Ecosystem Project was a 10-year study by nine of Canada's leading ecologists to unravel the impact of the snowshoe hare cycle on the plants and the other vertebrate species in the boreal forest. In much of the boreal forest, the snowshoe hare acts as a keystone herbivore, fluctuating in 9-10 year cycles, and dragging along secondary cycles in predators such as lynx and great-horned owls. By manipulating the ecosystem on a large scale from the bottom via fertilizer additions and from the top by predator exclosures, they have traced the plant-herbivore relationships and the predator-prey relationships in this ecosystem to try to answer the question of what drives small mammal population cycles. This study is unique in being large scale and experimental on a relatively simple ecosystem, with the overall goal of defining what determines community structure in the boreal forest. Ecosystem Dynamics of the Boreal Forest: The Kluane Project summarizes these findings, weaving new discoveries of the role of herbivores-turned-predators, compensatory plant growth, and predators-eating-predators with an ecological story rich in details and clear in its findings of a community where predation plays a key role in determining the fate of individuals and populations. The study of the Kluane boreal forest raises key questions about the scale of conservation required for boreal forest communities and the many mammals and birds that live there.
Download or read book Forest Food Webs written by Paul Fleisher and published by Lerner Publications. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the components of a forest food chain, including plants, plant eaters, meat eaters, and decomposers.
