Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs Porosity Evolution and Diagenesis in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-05-23 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonate Reservoirs: Porosity, Evolution and Diagenesis in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd Edition of Carbonate Reservoirs aims to educate graduate students and industry professionals on the complexities of porosity evolution in carbonate reservoirs. In the intervening 12 years since the first edition, there have been numerous studies of value published that need to be recognized and incorporated in the topics discussed. A chapter on the impact of global tectonics and biological evolution on the carbonate system has been added to emphasize the effects of global earth processes and the changing nature of life on earth through Phanerozoic time on all aspects of the carbonate system. The centerpiece of this chapter—and easily the most important synthesis of carbonate concepts developed since the 2001 edition—is the discussion of the CATT hypothesis, an integrated global database bringing together stratigraphy, tectonics, global climate, oceanic geochemistry, carbonate platform characteristics, and biologic evolution in a common time framework. Another new chapter concerns naturally fractured carbonates, a subject of increasing importance, given recent technological developments in 3D seismic, reservoir modeling, and reservoir production techniques. - Detailed porosity classifications schemes for easy comparison - Overview of the carbonate sedimentologic system - Case studies to blend theory and practice

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive series of carbonate diagenesis/porosity models summarize the concepts developed in previous chapters, emphasizing the predictable loci of major porosity modification and enhancement. Each model refers to a specific combination of (1) setting (carbonate ramp, land-tied shelf, or isolated platform), (2) climate regime (humid or arid), and (3) sea-level cycle phase (TST, HST, or LST). Diagenetic processes at the parasequence scale reflect third-order sea-level cycles. During the TST and early HST, parasequences tend to be thick, with marine diagenesis dominating. Parasequences progressively thin during the HST, with exposure at cycle tops and meteoric influence becoming more important. During the late HST and the LST, subaerial diagenesis dominates. Third-order sedimentary sequences exhibit stacking geometries that reflect background second-order sea-level trends. Retrogradational sequence sets develop during second-order sea-level rise (e.g., in rift or foreland basins). Such sequence sets show relative domination by marine diagenesis. Aggradational sequence sets develop during second-order sea-level stillstand to moderate rise (e.g., early post-rift phase in extensional basins). Moderate meteoric water diagenesis and porosity modification occur at sequence boundaries, followed by burial diagenesis. Progradational sequence sets develop on passive margins during second-order sea-level stillstand to fall. This setting supports deep, amalgamated karstification, extensive phreatic meteoric diagenesis, and—under arid conditions—reflux dolomitization. First-order Icehouse conditions are characterized by high-frequency, high-amplitude sea-level cycles that favor development of rimmed carbonate shelves. The mainly aragonitic sediments deposited on these aggraded shelves experience high degrees of meteoric diagenesis and porosity modification. Greenhouse conditions are characterized by lower-frequency, low-amplitude sea-level cycles that favor development of carbonate ramps. The calcite sediments deposited here result in relatively muted meteoric diagenesis and porosity modifications. Two case histories illustrate the basic concepts of early diagenetic porosity evolution: (1) the Southwest Andrews Area, an Icehouse Permian–Pennsylvanian rimmed shelf margin reservoir (Permian, West Texas), and (2) ramp sequences of the Kwanza and Lower Congo basins, Greenhouse Albian Pinda Group (Cretaceous, offshore Angola).

Download or read book Sequence Stratigraphy and Characterization of Carbonate Reservoirs written by Charles Kerans and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir management is an important topic in the oil industry today. Conferences, forums, short courses, and technical papers, written and attended by engineers, geologists, geophysicists, petrophysicists, and managers discuss various aspects of reservoir management. A critical component of reservoir management is the accurate characterization of the hydrocarbon asset, called reservoir characterization. The topic of this course is the process of sequence-stratigraphic interpretation and characterization of carbonate reservoirs. Because of the overwhelming mass of information most reservoir geoscientists keep up with either some aspects of sequence-stratigraphy, or some aspects of reservoir characterization, but typically not both. The authors believe that the two disciplines are so intimately related that the sequence framework should be considered a critical piece of the integrated puzzle.

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three economically important case histories serve as illustrations of the integration of analyses of depositional environments, sequence stratigraphic architecture, and porosity evolution during diagenesis, as a means of maximizing effectiveness of reservoir production and/or modelling: (1) the Paleozoic Madison Formation of central Wyoming, (2) the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation of the central Gulf of Mexico, and (3) the Tertiary Malampaya buildup, offshore Philippines. The three embody a broad range of geologic contexts (e.g., icehouse versus greenhouse during deposition) and different approaches for optimizing development programs (e.g., use of surface analogs, 3D seismically based reservoir modelling). High drilling costs during development of the deep (23,000ft.) Madden Field in the Wyoming Madison Formation (due to high temperature, pressure, and H2S content of the gas) mandated high efficiency during development. Meticulous evaluation of a surface outcrop analog and maximized collection of analog data were the primary means of assuring optimal reservoir development. The Upper Jurassic Smackover trend in the central Gulf of Mexico illustrates revitalization of a mature petroleum fairway through application of sequence stratigraphic interpretation. Previously overlooked lowstand siliciclastic slope fans become geographically and stratigraphically predictable reservoir targets when understood in their proper sequence stratigraphic framework. The 3D seismic grid over the drowned isolated Oligocene–Miocene Malampaya platform, offshore Philippines, is integrated with geologic and petrophysical data from sparse well control and field-wide depositional and diagenetic models in order to develop a reservoir simulation model of the reservoir.

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequence stratigraphic principals can be applied to carbonate rock sequences. Typical tropical shallow-water carbonate shelves lead to sequence boundary exposure across carbonate platforms, and carbonate deep water deposits during highstands. Rapid carbonate sedimentation across a shelf leads to vertical accretion during the TST and progradation during the HST. Reef-bound shelf margins tend to evolve into escarpment margins with megabreccia development on the slope. Examples are the Devonian of the Canning Basin and the Cretaceous of Mexico. Carbonate ramps typically develop lowstand prograding complexes. Cool-water carbonates develop ramp morphology, independent of light with no framework reefs, and parallel the sequence stratigraphic framework of siliciclastics. The cool water sediments of the Great Australian Bight is an example Mud mound sequences as seen in Morocco are generally independent of sea-level changes, so most sequence stratigraphic concepts are not applicable. In mixed carbonate-siliciclastic situations reciprocal sedimentation results with HST carbonates dominating in the basin and LST clastics dominating in the basin. Sequence stratigraphic concepts are generally not applicable to lacustrine carbonates, but lake dessication cycles present a similar stratigraphic framework as seen in the Tertiary Green River of the Western United States.

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The porosity of carbonates as compared to sandstones is vastly more complex with simple intergrain porosity dominates sandstones while carbonates commonly exhibit complex secondary pore systems that may evolve during burial. Initial porosity of carbonates is much greater than that seen in sandstones due to common intragranular porosity. Fractures, both natural and induced, are much more important in carbonates. Diagenesis is a major factor in the development of ultimate pore systems in carbonates. The geologically based Choquette–Pray carbonate porosity classification is the most commonly used scheme. Their 15 different pore types are based on fabric selectivity. A major feature of the classification is its recognition of the potential of porosity evolution through time and burial. Three porosity development zones are recognized: eogenetic, dealing with surface processes; mesogenetic, dealing with burial processes; and telogenetic, exhumed rocks dealing again with surface processes. This classification is best used during exploration, while other engineering-based classifications such as the one developed by Lucia should be used in reservoir characterization and as input for reservoir modeling. Examples of all 15 pore types are given.

Download or read book The Practice of Reservoir Engineering Revised Edition written by L.P. Dake and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-05-10 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised edition of the bestselling Practice of Reservoir Engineering has been written for those in the oil industry requiring a working knowledge of how the complex subject of hydrocarbon reservoir engineering can be applied in the field in a practical manner. Containing additions and corrections to the first edition, the book is a simple statement of how to do the job and is particularly suitable for reservoir/production engineers as well as those associated with hydrocarbon recovery. This practical book approaches the basic limitations of reservoir engineering with the basic tenet of science: Occam's Razor, which applies to reservoir engineering to a greater extent than for most physical sciences - if there are two ways to account for a physical phenomenon, it is the simpler that is the more useful. Therefore, simplicity is the theme of this volume. Reservoir and production engineers, geoscientists, petrophysicists, and those involved in the management of oil and gas fields will want this edition.

Download or read book Linking Diagenesis to Sequence Stratigraphy written by Sadoon Morad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequence stratigraphy is a powerful tool for the prediction of depositional porosity and permeability, but does not account for the impact of diagenesis on these reservoir parameters. Therefore, integrating diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy can provide a better way of predicting reservoir quality. This special publication consists of 19 papers (reviews and case studies) exploring different aspects of the integration of diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy in carbonate, siliciclastic, and mixed carbonate-siliciclastic successions from various geological settings. This book will be of interest to sedimentary petrologists aiming to understand the distribution of diagenesis in siliciclastic and carbonate successions, to sequence stratigraphers who can use diagenetic features to recognize and verify interpreted key stratigraphic surfaces, and to petroleum geologists who wish to develop more realistic conceptual models for the spatial and temporal distribution of reservoir quality. This book is part of the International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS) Special Publications. The Special Publications from the IAS are a set of thematic volumes edited by specialists on subjects of central interest to sedimentologists. Papers are reviewed and printed to the same high standards as those published in the journal Sedimentology and several of these volumes have become standard works of reference.

Download or read book Linking Diagenesis to Sequence Stratigraphy written by Sadoon Morad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-05 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequence stratigraphy is a powerful tool for the prediction of depositional porosity and permeability, but does not account for the impact of diagenesis on these reservoir parameters. Therefore, integrating diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy can provide a better way of predicting reservoir quality. This special publication consists of 19 papers (reviews and case studies) exploring different aspects of the integration of diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy in carbonate, siliciclastic, and mixed carbonate-siliciclastic successions from various geological settings. This book will be of interest to sedimentary petrologists aiming to understand the distribution of diagenesis in siliciclastic and carbonate successions, to sequence stratigraphers who can use diagenetic features to recognize and verify interpreted key stratigraphic surfaces, and to petroleum geologists who wish to develop more realistic conceptual models for the spatial and temporal distribution of reservoir quality. This book is part of the International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS) Special Publications. The Special Publications from the IAS are a set of thematic volumes edited by specialists on subjects of central interest to sedimentologists. Papers are reviewed and printed to the same high standards as those published in the journal Sedimentology and several of these volumes have become standard works of reference.

Download or read book Carbonate Diagenesis Porosity Evolution in Sequence Strategic Framework written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs written by Wayne M. Ahr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible resource, covering the fundamentals of carbonate reservoir engineering Includes discussions on how, where and why carbonate are formed, plus reviews of basic sedimentological and stratigraphic principles to explain carbonate platform characteristics and stratigraphic relationships Offers a new, genetic classification of carbonate porosity that is especially useful in predicting spatial distribution of pore networks.

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoirs written by Clyde H. Moore and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three diagenetic realms in which porosity modifications (e.g., dissolution, cementation, compaction) take place are the marine, meteoric, and subsurface environments. The meteoric environment—with its dilute waters, easy access to CO2, and wide range of saturation states with respect to carbonate phases—has high potential for porosity modification, including destruction by cementation and generation of secondary porosity by dissolution. Modern shallow-marine environments are particularly susceptible to porosity destruction by cementation due to high levels of supersaturation of marine waters relative to metastable carbonate minerals. Decreasing saturation with depth can lead to development of secondary porosity by dissolution of aragonite. In the geologic past, shallow-marine waters were often undersaturated with respect to aragonite. The subsurface environment is marked by loss of porosity through compaction and related cementation. Thermal maturation and degradation of hydrocarbons and the slow flux of basinal fluids during progressive burial drive later porosity modification by cementation and modest local dissolution. Recognition and differentiation of the porosity modification history of carbonate rocks is aided by a number of analytical tools. Petrography enables us to reconstruct the sequence of relatively timed diagenetic events responsible for porosity modifications. Trace element and stable isotope analyses of cements and dolomites provide insight into the types of waters involved in these events. Two-phase fluid inclusions are used to estimate temperatures of cement or dolomite formation and the composition of precipitating or dolomitizing fluids. The definitiveness of trace element analysis is often limited by uncertainties in distribution coefficients, temperature fractionation effects, or low concentration values. Two-phase fluid inclusion studies also pose significant problems (e.g., stretching of inclusions during burial, recognition of primary inclusions, and accuracy of pressure corrections). Therefore, these tools should be used to provide constraints on assessing environments of diagenetic events, within an appropriate petrographic/geologic framework. The continuing development of new instruments and techniques (e.g., the ion probe, clumped isotope analysis) holds great promise for the future of geochemical analyses in diagenetic studies.

Download or read book Sediment Compaction and Applications in Petroleum Geoscience written by Troyee Dasgupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses how sediments compact with depth and applications of the compaction trends. Porosity reduction in sediment conveniently indicates the degree of sediments compacted after deposition. Published empirical curves- the compaction curves- are depth-wise porosity variation through which change in pore spaces from sediment surface to deeper depths e.g. up to 6 km can be delineated. Porosity is derived from well logs. Compaction curves, referred to as the Normal Porosity Profile of shales, sandstones and shale bearing sandstones of different models are reviewed along with the different mechanical and chemical compaction processes. These compaction models reveals how porosity reduces depth-wise and the probable reason for anomalous zones. Deviation from these normal compaction trends may indicate abnormal pressure scenarios: either over- or under pressure. We highlight global examples of abnormal pressure scenarios along with the different primary- and secondary mechanisms. Well logs and cores being the direct measurements of porosity, well log is the only cost-effective way to determine porosity of subsurface rocks. Certain well logs can detect overpressure and the preference of one log above the other helps reduce the uncertainty. Apart from delineation of under-compacted zones by comparing the modeled- with the actual compaction, porosity data can also estimate erosion.

Download or read book Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Carbonate Diagenesis Within Neogene Glaciomarine Sandstones of the Victoria Land Basin Antarctica written by Daniel P. Dunham and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The controls on reservoir quality of most clastic sedimentary deposits are well-documented and understood. However, comparatively little is known about the reservoir potential of glaciogenic and glaciomarine deposits. This study investigates the Neogene strata of the AND-2A core recovered by the ANDRILL-Southern McMurdo Sound Project in the Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, as an analog for assessing controls on reservoir quality in glaciomarine deposits. A petrographic analysis was conducted on 60 sandstone samples from various depths throughout the core, and carbonate diagenetic phases and morphologies were documented. Four sequences were examined in detail. Point counting on all samples was done to determine percentages of cement, porosity, detrital mud, and framework grains. Results show that reservoir quality in glaciomarine sandstone is dramatically affected by the presence of diagenetic carbonate and strong correlations exist between carbonate cement abundance, paleoclimate, and sequence stratigraphic systems tract. Sandstones that formed during the coldest (polar and subpolar) climate regimes have relatively low porosities. Decreased input of fine-grained sediments during colder climate regimes resulted in higher permeability deposits that were prone to infiltration by brine upon burial. By contrast, many texturally mature sandstones deposited in highstand deltaic settings during more temperate climate regimes preserve higher porosities (25 – 45%) and lack significant cementation. Sequence stratigraphic relationships indicate that these porous sandstones are best developed in highstand delta systems that formed during ice minima, when substantial volumes of meltwater were released from glacier termini. Individual sandstone bodies, which likely extend laterally over several kms, tend to be enclosed by muddy lithologies. Porosity in these sandstones was retained due to discharge of dilute meltwater during deposition and subsequent isolation of sands between impermeable barriers. Patterns identified in this study may prove useful in predicting and locating target reservoirs in other glaciogenic and glaciomarine settings worldwide.

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoir Characterization written by F. Jerry Lucia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: F. Jerry Lucia, working in America’s main oil-rich state, has produced a work that goes after one of the holy grails of oil prospecting. One main target in petroleum recovery is the description of the three-dimensional distribution of petrophysical properties on the interwell scale in carbonate reservoirs. Doing so would improve performance predictions by means of fluid-flow computer simulations. Lucia’s book focuses on the improvement of geological, petrophysical, and geostatistical methods, describes the basic petrophysical properties, important geology parameters, and rock fabrics from cores, and discusses their spatial distribution. A closing chapter deals with reservoir models as an input into flow simulators.

Download or read book Reactive Transport Modeling written by Yitian Xiao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaches the application of Reactive Transport Modeling (RTM) for subsurface systems in order to expedite the understanding of the behavior of complex geological systems This book lays out the basic principles and approaches of Reactive Transport Modeling (RTM) for surface and subsurface environments, presenting specific workflows and applications. The techniques discussed are being increasingly commonly used in a wide range of research fields, and the information provided covers fundamental theory, practical issues in running reactive transport models, and how to apply techniques in specific areas. The need for RTM in engineered facilities, such as nuclear waste repositories or CO2 storage sites, is ever increasing, because the prediction of the future evolution of these systems has become a legal obligation. With increasing recognition of the power of these approaches, and their widening adoption, comes responsibility to ensure appropriate application of available tools. This book aims to provide the requisite understanding of key aspects of RTM, and in doing so help identify and thus avoid potential pitfalls. Reactive Transport Modeling covers: the application of RTM for CO2 sequestration and geothermal energy development; reservoir quality prediction; modeling diagenesis; modeling geochemical processes in oil & gas production; modeling gas hydrate production; reactive transport in fractured and porous media; reactive transport studies for nuclear waste disposal; reactive flow modeling in hydrothermal systems; and modeling biogeochemical processes. Key features include: A comprehensive reference for scientists and practitioners entering the area of reactive transport modeling (RTM) Presented by internationally known experts in the field Covers fundamental theory, practical issues in running reactive transport models, and hands-on examples for applying techniques in specific areas Teaches readers to appreciate the power of RTM and to stimulate usage and application Reactive Transport Modeling is written for graduate students and researchers in academia, government laboratories, and industry who are interested in applying reactive transport modeling to the topic of their research. The book will also appeal to geochemists, hydrogeologists, geophysicists, earth scientists, environmental engineers, and environmental chemists.