Download or read book California Climate Change Hydrologic Response and Flood Forecasting written by Norman L. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is strong evidence that the lower atmosphere has been warming at an unprecedented rate during the last 50 years, and it is expected to further increase at least for the next 100 years. Warmer air mass implies a higher capacity to hold water vapor and an increased likelihood of an acceleration of the global water cycle. This acceleration is not validated and considerable new research has gone into understanding aspects of the water cycle (e.g. Miller et al. 2003). Several significant findings on the hydrologic response to climate change can be reported. It is well understood that the observed and expected warming is related to sea level rise. In a recent seminar at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, James Hansen (Director of the Institute for Space Studies, National Aeronautics and Space Administration) stressed that a 1.25 Wm{sup -2} increase in radiative forcing will lead to an increase in the near surface air temperature by 1 C. This small increase in temperature from 2000 levels is enough to cause very significant impacts to coasts. Maury Roos (Chief Hydrologist, California Department of Water Resources) has shown that a 0.3 m rise in sea level shifts the San Francisco Bay 100-year storm surge flood event to a 10-year event. Related coastal protection costs for California based on sea level rise are shown. In addition to rising sea level, snowmelt-related streamflow represents a particular problem in California. Model studies have indicated that there will be approximately a 50% decrease in snow pack by 2100. This potential deficit must be fully recognized and plans need to be put in place well in advance. In addition, the warmer atmosphere can hold more water vapor and result in more intense warm winter-time precipitation events that result in flooding. During anticipated high flow, reservoirs need to release water to maintain their structural integrity. California is at risk of water shortages, floods, and related ecosystem stresses. More research needs to be done to further improve our ability to forecast weather events at longer time scales. Seasonal predictions have been statistical and only recently have studies begun to use ensemble simulations and historical observations to constrain such predictions. Understanding the mechanisms of large-scale atmospheric dynamics and its local impacts remain topics of intensive research. The ability to predict extreme events and provide policy makers with this information, along with climate change and hydrologic response information, will help to guide planning to form a more resilient infrastructure in the future.
Download or read book Hydrologic Response to Climate Change in California written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of adequate quantity and quality of water is a world-wide problem, which fosters concerns about the impacts of climate change. Obtaining forecasts of future water changes are important to allow early impact mitigation and adaption efforts.
Download or read book Atmospheric Rivers written by F. Martin Ralph and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the standard reference based on roughly 20 years of research on atmospheric rivers, emphasizing progress made on key research and applications questions and remaining knowledge gaps. The book presents the history of atmospheric-rivers research, the current state of scientific knowledge, tools, and policy-relevant (science-informed) problems that lend themselves to real-world application of the research—and how the topic fits into larger national and global contexts. This book is written by a global team of authors who have conducted and published the majority of critical research on atmospheric rivers over the past years. The book is intended to benefit practitioners in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and related disciplines, including students as well as senior researchers.
Download or read book Societal Responses To Regional Climatic Change written by Michael H Glantz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an outgrowth of a project undertaken by the Environmental and Societal Impacts Group (ESIG) for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Policy Analysis to identify societal responses to extreme climate-related events in North America.
Download or read book Flood Recovery Innovation and Response III written by D. Proverbs and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding claims many lives worldwide each year. In addition, many more lives are affected by homelessness, disease and crop failures as a result of floods' destructiveness. The number of recent flood events coupled with climate change predictions and urban development, suggest that these statistics are likely to worsen in the future. Flooding in populated areas can cause substantial property damage as well as threaten human life. Apart form the obvious physical damage to buildings, contents and loss of life, there other more indirect losses that are often overlooked. These intangible impacts are generally associated with disruption to normal life as well as longer term health issues, including stress-related illness. The conference papers cover the following topics: Flood risk analysis, Flood risk management, Urban flood management, Flood forecasting, Risk assessment and decision making, Flood case studies, Community resilience to flooding, Energy preparedness and response, Critical infrastructure protection, Flood consequence assessment.
Download or read book Feather River Hydrologic Observatory written by Francesco Avanzi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predictions of Climate Change Impacts on California Water Resources Using CALSIM II written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical note describes the methodology used to assess the impacts of different climate change scenarios on California water resources. A water resources systems model was necessary to analyze the performance of California's water system under predicted hydrologic scenarios associated with climate change. The project used CALSIM II, a model cooperatively developed by the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). Seven different climate change scenarios were considered; results showed great negative impacts on California hydrology and water resources associated with most of the scenarios analyzed.
Download or read book Urban Flood Management written by Andras Szollosi-Nagy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decades the world has witnessed a growing number of floods in urban areas. Climate change and rapid urbanization will exacerbate this trend. Flooding incidents in urbanized catchments and low-lying areas, such as polders, can lead to great public concern and anxiety, and their economical impact is severe. Apart from well-known flood prevention strategies, new approaches to the accommodation of floods are needed to create robust and sustainable solutions that enable us to cope with the ever-increasing urban pressure on flood-prone areas and the uncertainties created by climate change. Urban Flood Management comprises a multidisciplinary survey of recent developments in this field. Subjects like spatial and urban planning, flood insurance, flood resilience, flood proofing techniques, risk perception and preparedness and flood forecasting are treated by authorities from Brazil, India, the USA and Europe. Urban Flood Management will provide anyone active in the fields of water, risk and urban management with the latest information and insights that were obtained with a global and multidisciplinary approach.
Download or read book Flash Flood Forecasting Over Complex Terrain written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-28 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nation's network of more than 130 Next Generation Radars (NEXRADs) is used to detect wind and precipitation to help National Weather Service forecasters monitor and predict flash floods and other storms. This book assesses the performance of the Sulphur Mountain NEXRAD in Southern California, which has been scrutinized for its ability to detect precipitation in the atmosphere below 6000 feet. The book finds that the Sulphur Mountain NEXRAD provides crucial coverage of the lower atmosphere and is appropriately situated to assist the Los Angeles-Oxnard National Weather Service Forecast Office in successfully forecasting and warning of flash floods. The book concludes that, in general, NEXRAD technology is effective in mountainous terrain but can be improved.
Download or read book Flood Risk Management and Response written by D. Proverbs and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding is a global phenomenon that claims countless lives worldwide each year. Beginning in 2008 at the Institution of Civil Engineers in London this book contains papers presented at the 5th conference in the successful series on Flood Recovery, Innovation and Response. When flooding occurs in populated areas, it can cause substantial damage to property as well as threatening human life. Apart from the physical damage to buildings, contents and loss of life, which are the most obvious impacts of floods upon households, indirect losses are often overlooked. These indirect and intangible impacts are generally associated with disruption to normal life as well as longer term health issues including stress related illness. In many parts of the developing world, flooding can represent a major barrier to the alleviation of poverty as vulnerable communities are often exposed to sudden and life threatening events. How we respond and adapt to the challenges of flooding is key to developing our long term resilience. This book provides a platform for the work of researchers, academics and practitioners actively involved in improving our understanding of flood events and our approaches to response, recovery and resilience. A wide range of technical and management topics related to flooding and its impact are included: Flood management; Flood warning; Flood risk adaptation Flood protection - products and processes; Flood risk modelling; Flood forecasting; Flood vulnerability; Urban flood modelling; Flood risk assessment and recovery; Climate change impact; Socio and economic impact; Flood case studies; Flood damage assessment; Storm water control.
Download or read book An Investigation on Forecasting Overland Flooding for the City of Merced California Using a Two Dimensional Coupled Hydraulic Model written by John Yang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding is one of the most weather related safety hazards in California and has caused massive property damage and/or loss, and human casualties. Flooding occurs due to the fact that it is a drainage basin for thousands of acres of foothills and mountain land surrounding the valley. Snowmelt and precipitation would runoff and drain to the central valley before entering the ocean. Due to its diverse natural landscape, low elevation and flat nature, California's central valley is one of the most flood prone areas in the world. California has developed many systems of flood management facilities including flood control reservoirs, levees, weirs, diversions, etc. However, potential for flood hazards in residential areas remains serious due to uncertainty in weather patterns and developments in floodplains. It is often believed that these systems will protect areas from all flood disaster. Although it is true that these systems provide a level of protection, residual risk of flooding still exists indicating that these systems were designed to reduce the risks of flooding, and not to eliminate the risk completely. Flood forecasting is one of the key flood management practices in the United States. Early flood warming has proven to be critical for better management of the flood risk to reduce flood related life loss and property damages during high water events. Availability of appropriate forecasting tools and procedures that allows timely and accurate flood forecasting helps flood emergency response managers to make necessary decisions for preparedness, response and recovery from significant flood events. The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) and California Nevada River Forecast Center (CNRFC) jointly forecast flood warning stages at 96 locations along the rivers and streams in the state of California. A coupled one dimensional (1-D) and two dimensional (2-D) hydraulic modeling system has been used for this study to focus on the impact of high stages including flood, danger and beyond in the Bear Creek on the residential areas and facilities within the City of Merced, California. This study attempts to improve the understanding of application of a coupled 1-D/2-D Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) numerical model in real time forecasting of flood warning stages in the Bear Creek. This study will also improve the understanding of the impacts of these flood warning stages in terms of inundation extents, timing to support warnings and evacuation priorities, reducing human casualties and minimizing property damages by undertaking steps to recover from flood waters.
Download or read book Wildfires Floods and Climate Variability written by Thomas William Corringham and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter surveys fire and fuels managers at local, regional, and national levels. Survey results in the form of fire managers' decision calendars show how climate information needs vary seasonally, over space, and through the organizational network. The study identifies opportunities to use climate information in fire management, including seasonal to inter-annual climate forecasts at all organizational levels, to improve the targeting of fuels treatments and prescribed burns, the positioning and movement of initial attack resources, and staffing and budgeting decisions. The second chapter analyzes National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) data to quantify the economic impacts of flooding across the western United States from 1978 to 2007. The study compares National Flood Insurance Program data to National Weather Service measures of total damages, and presents a spatial and temporal analysis of daily claims and loss data over this period. The NFIP data reveals that a small number winter-season extreme hydrologic events, covering wide spatial areas, are responsible for a large proportion of total losses. In coastal southern California and across the southwest, El Niño conditions have had a strong effect in producing more frequent and higher magnitudes of insured losses while La Niña conditions significantly reduce both the frequency and magnitude losses. In the Pacific Northwest, the opposite pattern appears, though the effect is somewhat weaker, and less spatially coherent. The third chapter quantifies the economic impacts of flooding due to atmospheric river (AR) events in the western United States from 1978 to 2007, using NFIP claims and loss data. The study confirms that AR-related flood events cause significant economic damages and form the primary source of insurance claims and insured flood losses in the western coastal states. It provides spatial and temporal characterizations of damages as a function of integrated vapor transport (IVT) and antecedent hydrologic conditions. As the magnitude and frequency of wildfire and flood events change in response to anthropogenic climate change, and as economic and demographic contributions to vulnerability increase over time, public policy must adapt to respond. The results in these papers may be used to inform policies to mitigate losses and respond to future disaster scenarios, and may be of interest to policy makers and applied climate researchers alike.
Download or read book Projected Changes in Precipitation Temperature and Drought Across California s Hydrologic Regions written by Minxue He and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrology and Agricultural Pollutant Runoff in California s Central Valley written by Darren L. Ficklin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and HYDRUS were used to assess the impact of climate change on the hydrologic cycle (streamflow, surface runoff, groundwater recharge, evapotranspiration, and irrigation water use) and agricultural pollutant runoff (sediment, nitrate, phosphorus, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon) in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds in California's Central Valley. Five separate studies were constructed. For the first three studies, hydrological responses were modeled in the San Joaquin River watershed using variations of atmospheric CO2 (550 and 970 ppm), temperature (+1.1 and +6.4°C), and precipitation (0%, ±10%, and ±20%) based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections. The fourth study used a calibration and an uncertainty analysis technique for the calibration of the Sacramento River watershed. This study confirmed that SWAT was able to capture the large amount of uncertainty within the Sacramento River watershed and successfully simulate streamflow, sediment, nitrate, chlorpyrifos and diazinon loads. The final study used a novel stochastic climate change analysis technique to bracket the 95% confidence interval of potential climate changes. For all studies, increases in precipitation generally changed the hydrological cycle and agricultural runoff proportionally, where increases in precipitation resulted in increases in surface runoff and thus agricultural runoff and vice-versa. Also, for all studies, increasing temperature caused a temporal shift in plant growth patterns and redistributed evapotranspiration and irrigation water demand earlier in the year. Increasing atmospheric CO2 resulted in watershed-wide decreases in evapotranspiration, therefore increasing water yield and streamflow while concurrently decreasing irrigation water use. This research improves the understanding between climate change and hydrology and agricultural pollutant runoff within the Central Valley of California. Theses climate change analyses may be used by water resource managers to evaluate the potential effects of climate change.
Download or read book Projections of Potential Flood Regime Changes in California written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Floods in a Changing Climate written by Ramesh S. V. Teegavarapu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement, analysis and modeling of extreme precipitation events linked to floods is vital in understanding changing climate impacts and variability. This book provides methods for assessment of the trends in these events and their impacts. It also provides a basis to develop procedures and guidelines for climate-adaptive hydrologic engineering. Academic researchers in the fields of hydrology, climate change, meteorology, environmental policy and risk assessment, and professionals and policy-makers working in hazard mitigation, water resources engineering and climate adaptation will find this an invaluable resource. This volume is the first in a collection of four books on flood disaster management theory and practice within the context of anthropogenic climate change. The others are: Floods in a Changing Climate: Hydrological Modeling by P. P. Mujumdar and D. Nagesh Kumar, Floods in a Changing Climate: Inundation Modeling by Giuliano Di Baldassarre and Floods in a Changing Climate: Risk Management by Slodoban Simonović.
Download or read book Future Water Priorities for the Nation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solving problems related to use of water resources will be of paramount importance in coming decades as increasing pressure from growing populations, climate change, extreme weather, and aging water-related infrastructure threaten water availability and quality. The Water Mission Area (WMA) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long-established reputation for collecting and delivering high-quality, unbiased scientific information related to the nation's water resources. WMA observations help inform decisions ranging from rapid responses during emergencies such as hurricanes, floods, and forest fires, to the long-term management of water resources. Produced at the request of USGS, this report identifies the nation's highest-priority water science and resources challenges over the next 25 years. Future Water Priorities for the Nation summarizes WMA's current water science and research portfolio, and recommends strategic opportunities for WMA to more effectively address the most pressing challenges.
