Download or read book Bursting The Genesis Of Rhythm In The Nervous System written by Steve Coombes and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-10-03 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurons in the brain communicate with each other by transmitting sequences of electrical spikes or action potentials. One of the major challenges in neuroscience is to understand the basic physiological mechanisms underlying the complex spatiotemporal patterns of spiking activity observed during normal brain functioning, and to determine the origins of pathological dynamical states such as epileptic seizures and Parkinsonian tremors. A second major challenge is to understand how the patterns of spiking activity provide a substrate for the encoding and transmission of information, that is, how do neurons compute with spikes? It is likely that an important element of both the dynamical and computational properties of neurons is that they can exhibit bursting, which is a relatively slow rhythmic alternation between an active phase of rapid spiking and a quiescent phase without spiking. This book provides a detailed overview of the current state-of-the-art in the mathematical and computational modeling of bursting, with contributions from many of the leading researchers in the field.
Download or read book Self Organization in the Nervous System written by Yan M. Yufik and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue reviews state-of-the-art approaches to the biophysical roots of cognition. These approaches appeal to the notion that cognitive capacities serve to optimize responses to changing external conditions. Crucially, this optimisation rests on the ability to predict changes in the environment, thus allowing organisms to respond pre-emptively to changes before their onset. The biophysical mechanisms that underwrite these cognitive capacities remain largely unknown; although a number of hypotheses has been advanced in systems neuroscience, biophysics and other disciplines. These hypotheses converge on the intersection of thermodynamic and information-theoretic formulations of self-organization in the brain. The latter perspective emerged when Shannon’s theory of message transmission in communication systems was used to characterise message passing between neurons. In its subsequent incarnations, the information theory approach has been integrated into computational neuroscience and the Bayesian brain framework. The thermodynamic formulation rests on a view of the brain as an aggregation of stochastic microprocessors (neurons), with subsequent appeal to the constructs of statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. In particular, the use of ensemble dynamics to elucidate the relationship between micro-scale parameters and those of the macro-scale aggregation (the brain). In general, the thermodynamic approach treats the brain as a dissipative system and seeks to represent the development and functioning of cognitive mechanisms as collective capacities that emerge in the course of self-organization. Its explicanda include energy efficiency; enabling progressively more complex cognitive operations such as long-term prediction and anticipatory planning. A cardinal example of the Bayesian brain approach is the free energy principle that explains self-organizing dynamics in the brain in terms of its predictive capabilities – and selective sampling of sensory inputs that optimise variational free energy as a proxy for Bayesian model evidence. An example of thermodynamically grounded proposals, in this issue, associates self-organization with phase transitions in neuronal state-spaces; resulting in the formation of bounded neuronal assemblies (neuronal packets). This special issue seeks a discourse between thermodynamic and informational formulations of the self-organising and self-evidencing brain. For example, could minimization of thermodynamic free energy during the formation of neuronal packets underlie minimization of variational free energy?
Download or read book Integration in Respiratory Control written by Marc Poulin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-10 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises the proceedings of the 10th Oxford Conference held at Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada, in September, 2006. It contains the most up-to-date research in cardio-respiratory control and its content spans the disciplines of respiratory physiology, neurobiology, modeling, and biomedical engineering. The volume will be of interest to clinicians working with patients with breathing disorders.
Download or read book From Neuron to Cognition via Computational Neuroscience written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, integrated, and accessible textbook presenting core neuroscientific topics from a computational perspective, tracing a path from cells and circuits to behavior and cognition. This textbook presents a wide range of subjects in neuroscience from a computational perspective. It offers a comprehensive, integrated introduction to core topics, using computational tools to trace a path from neurons and circuits to behavior and cognition. Moreover, the chapters show how computational neuroscience—methods for modeling the causal interactions underlying neural systems—complements empirical research in advancing the understanding of brain and behavior. The chapters—all by leaders in the field, and carefully integrated by the editors—cover such subjects as action and motor control; neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and reinforcement learning; vision; and language—the core of human cognition. The book can be used for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses. It presents all necessary background in neuroscience beyond basic facts about neurons and synapses and general ideas about the structure and function of the human brain. Students should be familiar with differential equations and probability theory, and be able to pick up the basics of programming in MATLAB and/or Python. Slides, exercises, and other ancillary materials are freely available online, and many of the models described in the chapters are documented in the brain operation database, BODB (which is also described in a book chapter). Contributors Michael A. Arbib, Joseph Ayers, James Bednar, Andrej Bicanski, James J. Bonaiuto, Nicolas Brunel, Jean-Marie Cabelguen, Carmen Canavier, Angelo Cangelosi, Richard P. Cooper, Carlos R. Cortes, Nathaniel Daw, Paul Dean, Peter Ford Dominey, Pierre Enel, Jean-Marc Fellous, Stefano Fusi, Wulfram Gerstner, Frank Grasso, Jacqueline A. Griego, Ziad M. Hafed, Michael E. Hasselmo, Auke Ijspeert, Stephanie Jones, Daniel Kersten, Jeremie Knuesel, Owen Lewis, William W. Lytton, Tomaso Poggio, John Porrill, Tony J. Prescott, John Rinzel, Edmund Rolls, Jonathan Rubin, Nicolas Schweighofer, Mohamed A. Sherif, Malle A. Tagamets, Paul F. M. J. Verschure, Nathan Vierling-Claasen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Christopher Williams, Ransom Winder, Alan L. Yuille
Download or read book Mathematical Analysis of Complex Cellular Activity written by Richard Bertram and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains two review articles on mathematical physiology that deal with closely related topics but were written and can be read independently. The first article reviews the basic theory of calcium oscillations (common to almost all cell types), including spatio-temporal behaviors such as waves. The second article uses, and expands on, much of this basic theory to show how the interaction of cytosolic calcium oscillators with membrane ion channels can result in highly complex patterns of electrical spiking. Through these examples one can see clearly how multiple oscillatory processes interact within a cell, and how mathematical methods can be used to understand such interactions better. The two reviews provide excellent examples of how mathematics and physiology can learn from each other, and work jointly towards a better understanding of complex cellular processes. Review 1: Richard Bertram, Joel Tabak, Wondimu Teka, Theodore Vo, Martin Wechselberger: Geometric Singular Perturbation Analysis of Bursting Oscillations in Pituitary Cells Review 2: Vivien Kirk, James Sneyd: Nonlinear Dynamics of Calcium
Download or read book Coherent Behavior in Neuronal Networks written by Krešimir Josic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-22 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent experimental research advances have led to increasingly detailed descriptions of how networks of interacting neurons process information. With these developments, it has become clear that dynamic network behaviors underlie information processing, and that the observed activity patterns cannot be fully explained by simple concepts such as synchrony and phase locking. These new insights raise significant challenges and offer exciting opportunities for experimental and theoretical neuroscientists. Coherent Behavior in Neuronal Networks features a review of recent research in this area from some of the world’s foremost experts on systems neuroscience. The book presents novel methodologies and interdisciplinary perspectives, and will serve as an invaluable resource to the research community. Highlights include the results of interdisciplinary collaborations and approaches as well as topics, such as the interplay of intrinsic and synaptic dynamics in producing coherent neuronal network activity and the roles of globally coherent rhythms and oscillations in the coordination of distributed processing, that are of significant research interest but have been underrepresented in the review literature. With its cutting-edge mathematical, statistical, and computational techniques, this volume will be of interest to all researchers and students in the field of systems neuroscience.
Download or read book Computational Models of Brain and Behavior written by Ahmed A. Moustafa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive Introduction to the world of brain and behavior computational models This book provides a broad collection of articles covering different aspects of computational modeling efforts in psychology and neuroscience. Specifically, it discusses models that span different brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, visual cortex), different species (humans, rats, fruit flies), and different modeling methods (neural network, Bayesian, reinforcement learning, data fitting, and Hodgkin-Huxley models, among others). Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is divided into four sections: (a) Models of brain disorders; (b) Neural models of behavioral processes; (c) Models of neural processes, brain regions and neurotransmitters, and (d) Neural modeling approaches. It provides in-depth coverage of models of psychiatric disorders, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, and dyslexia; models of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy; early sensory and perceptual processes; models of olfaction; higher/systems level models and low-level models; Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning; linking information theory to neurobiology; and more. Covers computational approximations to intellectual disability in down syndrome Discusses computational models of pharmacological and immunological treatment in Alzheimer's disease Examines neural circuit models of serotonergic system (from microcircuits to cognition) Educates on information theory, memory, prediction, and timing in associative learning Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is written for advanced undergraduate, Master's and PhD-level students—as well as researchers involved in computational neuroscience modeling research.
Download or read book The Dynamic Brain written by Mingzhou Ding and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical, experimental and clinical perspectives. Readership: Graduate students, postdocs and research scientists in Neuroscience.
Download or read book Music Perception written by Mari Riess Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-17 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of comprehensive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory research. The v- umes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in fields of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in pe- reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beg- ning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.
Download or read book The Neurosciences and Music III written by Simone Dalla Bella and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume will be of particular interest to medical professionals, neuroscientists, neurologists, psychologists, educators, music therapists, musicologists, sound engineers, computer scientists. Manuscripts address how the tools of cognitive neuroscience have provided new insights into where and how rhythm is coded in the brain; production and perception abilities and the relationship between the two; the use of music as a tool for the investigation of human cognition and its underlying brain mechanisms; recent research investigating various aspects of musical memory and learning, and implications for medical rehabilitation for patients with memory disorders; advances in the fields of developmental auditory neuroscience, empirical music aesthetics, and music emotions in normal and disordered development such as autistic spectrum disorders; mutual interactions between music and language in children and adults with cochlear implants; and human communication of information, ideas, and emotional states, and the shared networks of speech and motor processing with musical processing"--NYAS Web site
Download or read book Psychology of Time written by Simon Grondin and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-11-03 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in the field of timing and time perception have multiplied the number of relevant questions regarding psychological time, and helped to provide answers and open many avenues of thought. This book brings together presentations of many of the main ideas, findings, hypotheses and theories that experimental psychology offers to the field.
Download or read book Multiple Time Scale Dynamics written by Christian Kuehn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to dynamical systems with multiple time scales. The approach it takes is to provide an overview of key areas, particularly topics that are less available in the introductory form. The broad range of topics included makes it accessible for students and researchers new to the field to gain a quick and thorough overview. The first of its kind, this book merges a wide variety of different mathematical techniques into a more unified framework. The book is highly illustrated with many examples and exercises and an extensive bibliography. The target audience of this book are senior undergraduates, graduate students as well as researchers interested in using the multiple time scale dynamics theory in nonlinear science, either from a theoretical or a mathematical modeling perspective.
Download or read book Advances in Neural Computation Machine Learning and Cognitive Research II written by Boris Kryzhanovsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes new theories and applications of artificial neural networks, with a special focus on addressing problems in neuroscience, biology and biophysics and cognitive research. It covers a wide range of methods and technologies, including deep neural networks, large-scale neural models, brain–computer interface, signal processing methods, as well as models of perception, studies on emotion recognition, self-organization and many more. The book includes both selected and invited papers presented at the XX International Conference on Neuroinformatics, held in Moscow, Russia on October 8–12, 2018.
Download or read book Phase Response Curves in Neuroscience written by Nathan W. Schultheiss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will track advances in the application of phase response (PR) analysis to the study of electrically excitable cells, focusing on applications of PR analysis in the computational neurosciences. This proposal was motivated by discussions with colleagues at the 2007 meeting of the Organization for Computational Neuroscience (OCNS) and further motivated by the success of a workshop at the 2008 OCNS meeting this past July. At that meeting the editors hosted a workshop entitled A dialogue for theoreticians and experimentalists: What is phase response analysis, and what can it tell us about neurons and networks? Invited speakers used mathematical, modeling, and experimental results to illustrate how phase response analysis has been used to reveal or describe neuronal and neuronal population dynamics. This was the most well-attended workshop of the meeting and was standing room only.
Download or read book Parallel computing of partial differential equations based applications written by Siham Tabik and published by Universidad Almería. This book was released on 2008-05-12 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La mayoría de los modelos matemáticos empleados para describir fenómenos físicos reales en ciencia e ingeniería están gobernados por ecuaciones parciales diferenciales no-lineales dependientes del tiempo PDEs (Partial Differential Equations). Generalmente, la solución de dichas ecuaciones requiere una discretización usando métodos como los de diferencias finitas, elementos finitos, volúmenes finitos o métodos de los momentos. El análisis del comportamiento de los modelos matemáticos basados en PDEs para sistemas reales es muy costoso desde el punto de vista computacional, y los costes pueden ser tan enormes que su implementación paralela se convierte en la única solución. Adicionalmente, la reciente disponibilidad en el mercado de la computación de alta prestación de arquitecturas de nodos de memoria compartida conectados entre si ha incrementado la importancia de diseñar códigos eficientes apropiados para explotar estas plataformas. Dichas plataformas soportan tres paradigmas de comunicación: 1) el paradigma de memoria compartida, 2) el paradigma de paso de mensajes, y 3) el paradigma híbrido, que consiste en la combinación de los dos paradigmas anteriores. Cada uno de los paradigmas ofrece ventajas y desventajas en función de las características de la plataforma paralela y del problema. Esta tesis analiza la solución numérica de tres aplicaciones científicas en física y en el campo del tratamiento de imágenes gobernadas por ecuaciones diferenciales, tridimensionales, independientes del tiempo. En particular, la primera aplicación es un método dependiente del tiempo que resuelve la ecuación integral del campo eléctrico para el análisis de la interacción entre hilos finos conductores y ondas electromagnéticas; la segunda aplicación es un método de diferencias finitas que resuelve la ecuación de difusión altamente acoplada con un sistemas masivo para filtrar imágenes 3D en biología celular y biomedicina; y la tercera aplicación es un conjunto de cuatro ecuaciones de reacción-difusión para simular el fenómeno de bursting en tres dimensiones, un fenómeno común en numerosos sistemas naturales. Para ello, se analizan las características de los paradigmas de comunicación conforme se aplican para obtener las soluciones numéricas de las tres aplicaciones descritas anteriormente. Los resultados indican que es posible establecer una abstracción de los modelos de comunicación que permite un desarrollo eficiente, simple y robusto de los modelos de comunicación que son independientes de las arquitecturas de las diferentes plataformas usadas.
Download or read book Dynamics Days Latin America and the Caribbean 2018 written by Arturo C. Martí and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains various works presented at the Dynamics Days Latin America and the Caribbean (DDays LAC) 2018. Since its beginnings, a key goal of the DDays LAC has been to promote cross-fertilization of ideas from different areas within nonlinear dynamics. On this occasion, the contributions range from experimental to theoretical research, including (but not limited to) chaos, control theory, synchronization, statistical physics, stochastic processes, complex systems and networks, nonlinear time-series analysis, computational methods, fluid dynamics, nonlinear waves, pattern formation, population dynamics, ecological modeling, neural dynamics, and systems biology. The interested reader will find this book to be a useful reference in identifying ground-breaking problems in Physics, Mathematics, Engineering, and Interdisciplinary Sciences, with innovative models and methods that provide insightful solutions. This book is a must-read for anyone looking for new developments of Applied Mathematics and Physics in connection with complex systems, synchronization, neural dynamics, fluid dynamics, ecological networks, and epidemics.
Download or read book Computational Electrophysiology written by Shinji Doi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological systems inherently possess much ambiguity or uncertainty. Computational electrophysiology is the one area, from among the vast and rapidly growing discipline of computational and systems biology, in which computational or mathematical models have succeeded. This textbook provides a practical and quick guide to both computational electrophysiology and numerical bifurcation analysis. Bifurcation analysis is a very powerful tool for the analysis of such highly nonlinear biological systems. Bifurcation theory provides a way to analyze the effect of a parameter change on a system and to detect a critical parameter value when the qualitative nature of the system changes. Included in this work are many examples of numerical computations of bifurcation analysis of various models as well as mathematical models with different abstraction levels from neuroscience and electrophysiology. This volume will benefit graduate and undergraduate students as well as researchers in diverse fields of science.
