Download or read book Bulletin de L Institut Du D sert D Egypte written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Geology of Egypt written by El-Baz and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Roads in the Deserts of Roman Egypt written by Maciej Paprocki and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egypt under the Romans (30 BCE–3rd century CE) was a period when local deserts experienced an unprecedented flurry of activity. In the Eastern Desert, a marked increase in desert traffic came from imperial prospecting/quarrying activities and caravans transporting wares to and from the Red Sea ports. In the Western Desert, resilient camels slowly became primary beasts of burden in desert travel, enabling caravaneers to lengthen daily marching distances across previously inhospitable dunes. Desert road archaeology has used satellite imaging, landscape studies and network analysis to plot desert trail networks with greater accuracy; however, it is often difficult to date roadside installations and thus assess how these networks evolved in scope and density in reaction to climatic, social and technological change. Roads in the Deserts of Roman Egypt examines evidence for desert roads in Roman Egypt and assesses Roman influence on the road density in two select desert areas: the central and southern section of the Eastern Desert and the central Marmarican Plateau and discusses geographical and social factors influencing road use in the period, demonstrating that Roman overseers of these lands adapted remarkably well to local desert conditions, improving roads and developing the trail network. Crucially, the author reconceptualises desert trails as linear corridor structures that follow expedient routes in the desert landscape, passing through at least two functional nodes attracting human traffic, be those water sources, farmlands, mines/quarries, trade hubs, military installations or actual settlements. The ‘route of least resistance’ across the desert varied from period to period according to the available road infrastructure and beasts of burden employed. Roman administration in Egypt not only increased the density of local desert ‘node’ networks, but also facilitated internodal connections with camel caravans and transformed the Sahara by establishing new, or embellishing existing, nodes, effectively funnelling desert traffic into discernible corridors.Significantly, not all desert areas of Egypt are equally suited for anthropogenic development, but almost all have been optimised in one way or another, with road installations built for added comfort and safety of travellers. Accordingly, the study of how Romans successfully adapted to desert travel is of wider significance to the study of deserts and ongoing expansion due to global warming.

Download or read book Bulletin of the New York Public Library written by New York Public Library and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes its Report, 1896-19 .

Download or read book Desert road archaeology in ancient Egypt and beyond written by Heiko Riemer and published by Heinrich-Barth-Institut. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Archaeology and Geology of Ancient Egyptian Stones written by James A. Harrell and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2024-05-02 with total page 1091 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to identify and describe all the rocks and minerals employed by the ancient Egyptians using proper geological nomenclature, and to give an account of their sources in so far as they are known. The various uses of the stones are described, as well as the technologies employed to extract, transport, carve, and thermally treat them.

Download or read book Mobility and pastoralism in the Egyptian Western Desert Steinpl tze in the Holocene regional settlement patterns written by Marina Gallinaro and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the results of a long study begun in 2004 within the framework of the Archaeological Mission in the Farafra Oasis of Egypt directed by Barbara Barich and Giulio Lucarini, of the Sapienza University of Rome (now under the auspices of ISMEO). The book focuses on the features known as “Steinplatz-type hearths” and their role in the settlement patterns of the human groups living in the Egyptian Western Desert during the middle and late Holocene. Steinplätze are concentrations of burned and fire-cracked stones that vary in shape and size, and have often been slightly elevated above the present ground level by post-depositional erosion processes. Occurring both as isolated features and in clusters, they are often the only visible structures – or even traces – of ancient settlements. The study of these features is closely interconnected with the mobility strategies of the communities that inhabited this desert region during a period of higher average rainfall than at present but also characterised by significant climate fluctuations, with humid periods interrupted by dry spells and eventually ending in an overall trend towards greater desertification. The use of the Steinplatz-type hearths was most widespread in the second half of the sixth millennium BC, when mobile occupation strategies replaced a more sedentary model. An analysis of the Farafra Oasis Steinplätze is coupled with a general reassessment of the subsistence and mobility models hitherto proposed for the Eastern Sahara, suggesting an integrated occupation system for Farafra itself. The economy of the forager-herders of the middle Holocene, during the climate optimum (6900-5550 cal BC), seems to have relied significantly on herding small livestock, but also on hunting, and likely concentrated on the gathering of wild cereals such as sorghum. During the climate optimum, forms of seasonal stabilisation of the settlement strategy seem to emerge, with the alternating occupation of two different winter and summer villages consisting of clusters of stone-slab huts; short-term task-specific camps, using Steinplätze, logistically completed the system. After this phase, only short-term camps with Steinplätze were occupied. These were probably directly dependent on the wettest areas at the centre of the oases and made use of a tethered exploitation strategy, with brief movements from the central oasis (“daisy-chain” movements). The use strategies of the Steinplatz-type hearths within the mobile settlement system are outlined adopting a clear and immediately assessable model. “Yet although they are among the most distinctive of the Sahara’s archaeological features, Steinplätze have received little systematic attention in recent decades. Marina Gallinaro’s work thus marks a new phase in their study, one that draws them back into discussions of how early livestock-keeping populations in Northeast Africa used the resources and landscapes to the west of the Nile along a trajectory of increasing aridification that eventually culminated in the desert we see today (…) Lucidly written, Gallinaro’s volume will, I believe, help inspire individuals to take up the research agenda she sets out. At a time when so much of the Sahara is off-limits to archaeological fieldwork, it is deeply gratifying to see here yet more evidence of the thoroughness and high quality that have characterized the work of Italian archaeologists in this region of Africa over many decades. The continuing publication of their research, Marina Gallinaro’s included, in the Arid Zone Archaeology monograph series will surely help sustain widespread interest in Saharan archaeology until it becomes possible to excavate and survey again free of current geopolitical restrictions. May that day come soon!” Prof. Peter Mitchell, University of Oxford, UK.

Download or read book The Archaeology of Mobility written by Hans Barnard and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2008-12-31 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been edited books on the archaeology of nomadism in various regions, and there have been individual archaeological and anthropological monographs, but nothing with the kind of coverage provided in this volume. Its strength and importance lies in the fact that it brings together a worldwide collection of studies of the archaeology of mobility. This book provides a ready-made reference to this worldwide phenomenon and is unique in that it tries to redefine pastoralism within a larger context by the term mobility. It presents many new ideas and thoughtful approaches, especially in the Central Asian region.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Rangeland Congress written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Desert Fayum Reinvestigated written by Simon J. Holdaway and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2017-12-31 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neolithic is thought to have arrived in Egypt via diffusion from an origin in southwest Asia, relatively late compared to neighboring locations. The authors suggest an alternative approach to understanding the development of food production in Egypt based on the results of new fieldwork in the Fayum. They provide the results of a detailed study of the Fayum archaeological landscape interpretable at different temporal and spatial scales, using an expanded version of low-level food production to organize observations concerning paleoenvironment, socioeconomy, settlement, and mobility. While domestic plants and animals were indeed introduced from elsewhere, when a number of aspects of the archaeological record are compared, a settlement system is suggested that has no obvious analogues with the Neolithic in southwest Asia. The results obtained from the Fayum are used to assess other contemporary sites in Egypt.

Download or read book Mysterious Lands written by David O'Connor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mysterious Lands covers two kinds of encounters. First, encounters which actually occurred between Egypt and specific foreign lands, and second, those the Egyptians created by inventing imaginary lands. Some of the actual foreign lands are mysterious, in that we know of them only through Egyptian sources, both written and pictorial, and the actual locations of such lands remain unknown. These encounters led to reciprocal influences of varying intensity. The Egyptians also created imaginary lands (pseudo-geographic entities with distinctive inhabitants and cultures) in order to meet religious, intellectual and emotional needs. Scholars disagree, sometimes vehemently, about the locations and cultures of some important but geographically disputed actual lands. As for imaginary lands, they continually need to be re-explored as our understanding of Egyptian religion and literature deepens. Mysterious Lands provides a clear account of this subject and will be a stimulating read for scholars, students or the interested public.

Download or read book The History of Geophysics in Southern Africa written by Johan de Beer and published by AFRICAN SUN MeDIA. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geophysics is a comparatively young science which only evolved as a distinct discipline during the 19th century. However, its phenomena (like earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and lightning) had been objects of fear, curiosity and speculation since ancient times. In this book, Johan de Beer and his research team reveal that geophysical activity in South Africa can be traced back to as early as 1488. This is a truly astonishing revelation which deserves to be firmly entrenched as part of the country's proud history. The book also discusses the history and formation of South African geophysical institutions that made a huge and seldom acknowledged contribution to the technological development of southern Africa.

Download or read book The History of the Peoples of the Eastern Desert written by Hans Barnard and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last quarter century has seen extensive research on the ports of the Red Sea coast of Egypt, the road systems connecting them to the Nile, and the mines and quarries in the region. Missing has been a systematic study of the peoples of the Eastern Desert--the area between the Red Sea and the Nile Valley--in whose territories these ports, roads, mines, and quarries were located. The historical overview of the Eastern Desert in the shape of a roughly chronological narrative presented in this book fills that gap. The multidisciplinary perspective focuses on the long-term history of the region. The extensive range of topics addressed includes specific historical periods, natural resources, nomadic survival strategies, ancient textual data, and the interaction between Christian hermits and their neighbors. The breadth of perspective does not sacrifice depth, for all authors deal in some detail with the specifics of their subject matter. As a whole, this collection provides an outline of the history and sociology of the Eastern Desert unparalleled in any language for its comprehensiveness. As such, it will be the essential starting point for future research on the Eastern Desert. Includes a CD of eleven audio files with music of the Ababda Nomads, and six short videos of Ababda culture.

Download or read book Rocks in Motion written by Pawe? L. Polkowski and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2024-08-31 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First, fully illustrated, presentation of a large but generally little known assemblage of petroglyphic rock art from the Western Desert of Egypt. Rock art in Dakhleh was produced for perhaps as long as 10 millennia, resulting in the formation of hundreds of sites displaying thousands of images. In some places, petroglyphs form a true melting pot of iconographic creations, elsewhere only isolated depictions appear on rock surfaces. Various rock art traditions, from prehistoric, through pharaonic, Graeco-Roman, and mediaeval, have all added to a tremendous variety of petroglyphs, their formal traits and subject matter. This book is the first ever monograph on Dakhleh Oasis rock art, providing both an introduction to the versatile topic as well as an overview of the current state of research. It is designed as a collection of essays that deal with specific aspects of the research. The reader is offered here not only old and new documentation, much of it previously unpublished, but also a great deal of innovative interpretation. All chapters, although devoted to different case studies, revolve around an all-encompassing concept of landscape of motion. It is argued here that rock art, regardless of its date of origin, was (and is) always involved in certain dynamic contexts. In Dakhleh, the majority of petroglyphs – especially during historical periods – were produced in spatial contexts of paths and routes, and thus by people on the move. It is argued here that various kinds of movement were often a significant factor contributing to the meaning and function of the images. The intention of this book is to explore and unveil such contexts, which may prove somewhat elusive if we focus our analyses exclusively on the representational aspects of rock art. Such a type of integration of rock art, landscape and motion is the major aim of this work, and has hopefully been achieved by merging perspectives and concepts derived from Egyptology, Anthropology, and other social sciences.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Ninth International Dakhleh Oasis Project Conference written by Colin A. Hope and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2020-01-19 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume in the Oasis Papers series marks the 40th anniversary of archaeological fieldwork in the Dakhleh Oasis in Egypt’s Western Desert under the leadership of Anthony J. Mills and presents a synthesis of the current state of our knowledge of the oasis and its interconnections with surrounding regions, especially the Nile Valley. The papers are by distinguished authorities in the field and postgraduate students who specialise in different aspects of Dakhleh and presents an almost complete survey of the archaeology of Dakhleh including much unpublished, original material. It will be one of the few to document a specific part of modern Egypt in such detail and thus should have a broad and lasting appeal. The content of some of the papers is unlikely to be published in any other form elsewhere. Dakhleh is possibly the most intensively examined wider geographic region within Egypt.

Download or read book The Red Land written by Steven E. Sidebotham and published by American Univ in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For thousands of years Egypt has crowded the Nile Valley and Delta. The Eastern Desert, however, has also played a crucial-though until now little understood-role in Egyptian history. Ancient inhabitants of the Nile Valley feared the desert, which they referred to as the Red Land, and were reluctant to venture there, yet they exploited the extensive mineral wealth of this region. They also profited from the valuable wares conveyed across the desert between the Nile and the Red Sea ports, which originated from Arabia, Africa, India, and elsewhere in the east. Based on twenty years of archaeological fieldwork conducted in the Eastern Desert, The Red Land reveals the cultural and historical richness of this little known and seldom visited area of Egypt. A range of important archaeological sites dating from Prehistoric to Byzantine times is explored here in text and illustrations. Among these ancient treasures are petroglyphs, cemeteries, fortified wells, gold and emerald mines, hard stone quarries, roads, forts, ports, and temples. With 250 photographs and fascinating artistic reconstructions based on the evidence on the ground, along with the latest research and accounts from ancient sources and modern travelers, the authors lead the reader into the remotest corners of the hauntingly beautiful Eastern Desert to discover the full story of the area's human history.

Download or read book Arid Lands in Roman Times Papers from the International Conference Rome July 9th 10th 2001 written by Mario Liverani and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2003-10-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sommario Introduction, Mario Liverani Steps and timing of the desertification during Late Antiquity. The case study of the Tanezzuft oasis (Libyan Sahara), Mauro CremaschiPopulations of the Roman era in Central Sahara: skeletal samples from the Fezzan (south-western Libya) in a diachronic perspective, Giorgio Manzi and Francesca RicciAghram Nadharif and the southern border of the Garamantian kingdom, Mario LiveraniFarming the Sahara: the Garamantian contribution in southern Libya, David Mattingly and Andrew WilsonWater management at Pantelleria in Punic-Roman times, Vittorio Castellani and Simone MantelliniNapata, the destroyed city. A method for plundering, Alessandro RoccatiThe kingdom of Kush: Rome’s neightbour on the Nile, Derek WelsbyTrade and caravan routes in Meroitic times, Irene VincentelliPtolemaic and Roman water resources and their management in the eastern desert of Egypt, Steven E. SidebothamBetween the Nile and the Red Sea. Imperial trade and barbarians, Federico De RomanisThe ancient landscape of Aksum (northern Ethiopia), ca 400 BC- AD 700: some preliminary remarks, Rodolfo FattovichThe sustainable Sabean irrigation in Yemen, Ueli BrunnerTamna, ancient capital of the Yemen desert. Information about the first two excavation campaigns (1999, 2000), Alessandro De Maigret‘Centre-periphery’ relations in pre-islamic south Arabia, Alessandra Avanzini