Download or read book From Eastern Bloc to European Union written by Günther Heydemann and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 25 years after the fall of the Soviet Union, European integration remains a work in progress, especially in those Eastern European nations most dramatically reshaped by democratization and economic liberalization. This volume assembles detailed, empirically grounded studies of eleven states—Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, and the former East Germany—that went on to join the European Union. Each chapter analyzes the political, economic, and social transformations that have taken place in these nations, using a comparative approach to identify structural similarities and assess outcomes relative to one another as well as the rest of the EU.

Download or read book Bulgarien Gestern und Heute written by Otto Leibrock and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Catalog of Files and Microfilms of the German Foreign Ministry Archives 1920 1945 written by United States. Department of State. Historical Office and published by Stanford, Calif. : Hoover Institution, Stanford University. This book was released on 1962 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biogeography and Ecology of Bulgaria written by Victor Fet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From single-celled organisms in Black Sea sand to endemic cave crustaceans, from mountain glacial relict insects to the most diverse bird fauna in Europe, the fauna of Bulgaria has been a subject of study for more than a century. This is the first English language survey of all vertebrate and many key invertebrate groups of Bulgaria, their faunistics, origin, geographical and ecological distribution, and conservation issues.

Download or read book Who are the Slavs written by Paul Rankov Radosavljevich and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ueber Die Temperature Der Insekten Nach Beobachtungen in Bulgarien written by P. Bachmetjew and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Balkans written by William Miller and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Das Staatsarchiv written by and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Der Krieg auf dem Balkan War in the Balkans written by Andreas Schwarcz, Peter Soustal, Antoaneta Tcholakova and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Am 14. Oktober 1915 trat Bulgarien auf der Seite der Mittelmächte in den Ersten Weltkrieg ein, was letztlich zu großen Verlusten an Menschenleben, aber auch an Gebieten führte. Der 100. Wiederkehr dieses tragischen Datums war 2015 eine Tagung im Haus Wittgenstein gewidmet, deren Ergebnisse nun in diesem Band vorliegen. Insgesamt acht Beiträge behandeln die Vorgeschichte des Kriegseintritts, die Beziehungen Bulgariens zu seinen Nachbarn und zu Österreich-Ungarn sowie die Rezeption in österreichischen Schulbüchern und Ausstellungen. On 14 October 1915, Bulgaria entered World War I on the side of the Central Powers, which ultimately led to great losses of human life, but also of territories. The 100th anniversary of this tragic date was the subject of a conference in 2015 at Haus Wittgenstein, the results of which are now available in this volume. A total of eight contributions deal with the prehistory of the entry into the war, Bulgaria's relations with its neighbours and with Austria-Hungary, as well as its representation in Austrian educational textbooks and exhibitions.

Download or read book The Education Systems of Europe written by Wolfgang Hörner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-03 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique handbook offers an analytical review of the education systems of all European countries, following common analytical guidelines, and highlighting the paradox that education simultaneously pursues a universal value as well as a national character. Coverage includes international student performance studies, and a comparison of education dynamics in Eastern "new Europe" with "older" western EU members. The book provides a differentiated analytical data base, and offers suggestions for further research.

Download or read book Contemporary Tools and Techniques for Studying Writing written by T. Olive and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together methods designed by psychologists, linguists, and practitioners who aim to study writing both within the laboratory and the workplace. Its primary focus is upon the computer-based techniques and methods available today that enable and foster new systematic investigations of writing theories and processes. It is of interest to writing professionals, teachers of writing, as well as those, like journalists, whose careers depend on managing multiple constraints and audiences for their work.

Download or read book Index catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General s Office United States Army written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book What could outsourcing bring to Bulgaria in an enlarged Europe written by Plamen Alexandroff and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2006-08-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Today there are numerous examples for the power of globalization. It brings together people living thousands of miles away from each other through the technology of Internet; allows them to taste fruits from the other side of the Earth; makes them feel the consequences from events that do not have a direct impact on their lives. The signs demonstrating the spread of economic globalization are more and more with each day and they could be noticed on wider and wider areas on the planet. Global trade has proliferated, driven by individuals, huge multinational companies and countries. But so has done also the flow of capital and humans across the world, both in search of attractive places. The ever more complex system of international relations in each sphere is more and more controlled by international organizations, encompassing most of the countries in the world. Among these, the leading role has the World Bank, the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund. But in these international bodies the leading role is played by trade groupings such as the EU or super-powers such as the USA. The least developed countries are isolated and suppressed by these super-blocs or powers. Another major actor in the globalization process the multinational company has spurred the anger of ordinary people with its blunt behavior and no respect for the environment. For these reasons has emerged the antiglobalization movement, which is growing more and more. The process of globalization has brought wealth to some and even deeper poverty to others, showing that it could offer many dangers but also many opportunities for the economic development of the countries. One of these opportunities is the offshore outsourcing. It could be defined as the process of entrusting a partner in a foreign with a complex long-term mission, defined in terms of results. Outsourcing in the manufacturing sector is nothing new and it has existed ever since the appearance of the first big companies in the beginning of the 20th century. But in the last decade or so offshore outsourcing operations in the services sector have started to proliferate more and more, boosted by the emergence of the Internet, the modern means of communication and computer technology. There could be defined several major types of outsourcing according to various criteria. A first group could be distinguished in accordance with the subject of the outsourced [...]

Download or read book National Socialist Archaeology in Europe and its Legacies written by Martijn Eickhoff and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume is dedicated to national-socialist archaeology as a Europe-wide phenomenon. It analyses national-socialist attempts to denationalize the archaeologies of European nations by creating a new unifying European archaeology on a racial basis. From the beginning of the nineteenth century, archaeology began to develop into an important force behind processes of nation building. At the same time, structures of transnational academic collaboration contributed strongly to the internal dynamics of the research field, which was primarily organized on a national basis. In those European countries that were confronted with national-socialist occupation and repression between 1939 and 1945, these transnational archaeological networks were to prove crucial for the development of national-socialist archaeological policies. This volume will reveal how national-socialist archaeology was to an extent valued positively in its time as highly innovative, even influencing the archaeology of non-occupied countries. Although in the final instance, it generally failed to displace the national archaeologies in Europe, the volume also analyses the long-term impact of national-socialist rule on the development of European archaeology. How did the attempts to create a unified European archaeology after 1945 continue to influence networks, methods and terminologies, institutional structures, or popular representations of the early past?

Download or read book Insight Turkey Spring 2019 The Balkans At a Crossroads written by and published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the disintegration of the Ottoman State, the Balkan region is one of the most penetrated, divided, and unstable regions in the world. Therefore, the term Balkanization, which has a strong negative connotation, began to refer to the division of a larger region into many small and hostile political entities and the instability of the region as a result of many ethnic and religious movements and conflicts. Ironically, in today’s unstable world, the Balkans is relatively stable and peaceful, especially compared with the chaotic Middle East. However, the current peaceful atmosphere is quite vulnerable and fragile; it seems that historical hatred and enmity may restart anytime. Unfortunately, today there are many uncertainties in the Balkans and hence the region is at a new crossroads, not only at the domestic level, but also at the international level. At the domestic level, the Balkan countries are in a longtime transitory period and so far, the regional countries could not complete this process. On the one hand, most of the countries in the region have not finished their state transformation and institutionalization processes as yet. They need to accelerate their respective reformist policies and complete their respective transition periods. In particular, legal changes are required to consolidate their state institutions. The most dramatic example is the complex political and administrative structure in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which has never functioned well since its establishment by the Dayton Agreement. Due to the veto power of the three main ethnic groups, namely Bosnians, Serbs, and Croats, in the legislative and administrative institutions at different levels of government, it is almost impossible to make necessary decisions to govern the country. In order to get rid of the administrative deadlock, they must take confidence building measures and establish a functional state system. On the other hand, the Balkan countries have many economic problems such as poverty, unemployment, underdevelopment, and emigration. There are too many structural economic problems, but they have too few resources to mobilize. Because of the high unemployment rate, most of the qualified population of the Balkan countries migrates to the developed European countries such as Italy, Germany, and Switzerland. As a result of many detrimental developments in social and political life including ethnic tensions, population problems, and unemployed youth, the future of the Balkan states is still ambiguous. At the regional level, the Balkan countries have been experiencing many problems emanating from the dismemberment of the region during the modern period. The Balkans was politically divided twice: the first time (the collapse of the Ottoman State) was in the late-19th and early-20th centuries, and the second (the collapse of Yugoslavia) was in the late 20th century. After the disintegration of Yugoslavia, national and ethnic enmities were renewed and quickly resulted in severe violent clashes, mass killings, including the genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A number of regional issues have remained unsolved and the initiated solution processes were stopped. One of the main regional crises is the normalization of relations between Serbia and Kosovo. The EU stipulates the normalization with Kosovo as a precondition of Serbia’s accession to the Union. Unless it recognizes the state of Kosovo, it is impossible for Serbia to become a full member of the EU. However, for the moment, there is no concrete improvement in the Belgrade-Pristina dialogue process. In spite of the continuance of negative relations among some regional actors, there are some positive developments as well. The solution of the Macedonian name dispute in 2018 was a historical moment for the region, because it demonstrated that the regional states have an intention to solve political problems and provide alternative solutions. At the global level, the Balkan region continues to attract many global powers such as the U.S., the EU, China, and Russia. Each global power has its own strategy and perception of the region. The most involved global actor is the EU, who wants to integrate the region with itself and thus bring stability and peace to this contiguous region. Therefore, after the regional stability was secured with the support of the global powers, most Balkan countries began to develop cooperative relations with the EU and its leading member states, because the first priority and strategic preference of most Balkan countries is the integration with the EU. Their expectations from the EU membership are economic prosperity and the prevention of future regional clashes. On the other hand, the U.S. has been trying to integrate the Balkan countries with NATO, thus decreasing the influence of other global powers. Besides Greece which became a member in 1952, six Balkan countries, namely Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Croatia, Slovenia, and Montenegro, have also more recently become NATO members. Some other countries such as North Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina are in the accession process. NATO membership, together with the EU membership, is the most important positive agenda of the Balkan countries. Russia has had an imaginary vision and historical patronage over the Balkans since the second half of the 19th century. Religious, ethnic, and linguistic affinity was the main motivation for Russia to improve its relations with the region, which was an alternative route for reaching the warm seas. However, nowadays Russia faces challenges from the Western countries, who have taken the lead in the region. The integration process with both the EU and NATO limited the Russian influence in the Balkans. Furthermore, Russia has insufficient resources to solve the domestic political and economic problems of the regional countries. Another global power that has begun to show up in the region is China. The Chinese presence in the Balkans is mainly in the economic sphere, especially its investments in infrastructure and energy sectors. Compared with the other three global actors, the Chinese role in the region is quite limited. The Balkans is almost at the heart of the European continent; therefore, it is very difficult for China to influence regional politics as much as the Western countries. However, since the Balkans is a penetrated region, the impact of global rivalry is very noticeable in the region. The conflictual policies of global powers may activate the dormant regional fault lines and trigger the renewal of ethnic and religious conflicts. This new issue of Insight Turkey brings to the readers various manuscripts which touch upon domestic and regional issues and the impact of the external actors, i.e. EU, NATO, Russia, China, and Turkey, in the Balkans. As mentioned above, the normalization of the relations between Kosovo and Serbia are crucial for the region as it may prove to be a regional destabilizer in the future. This issue gained more attention after the discussions on a possible territorial exchange between the two states. Aleksander Zdravkovski and Sabrina P. Ramet discuss this topic through historical and political lenses and contend that this process can have serious repercussions, both in the Western Balkans and internationally. The name dispute between North Macedonia and Greece is another important topic that impacts the whole Balkans region. In their commentaries, Cvete Koneska and Zhidas Daskalovski bring different perspectives on this issue, yet both of them raise questions regarding the success of the agreement. Albania is one of the most important states in the region and in recent years has been suffering from political turmoil and economic downturn which can very easily be translated into regional instability. Isa Blumi in his article analyses the role of the U.S., NATO, and the EU in the Albanian slide and cautions that the current situation may turn violent. Croatia, another important state in the Balkans considering its experience with the EU, is at the center of Senada Šelo Šabić and Emir Suljagić’s articles. Croatia joined the EU in 2013 and this was considered an important step for all the Western Balkans because Croatia would serve as an example for their accession. However, Senada Šelo Šabić contends that Croatia’s experience of the EU accession and membership is only partially relevant for the Western Balkans’ EU enlargement, mainly due to its domestic issues. Emir Suljagić, on the other hand, focuses on the Croatian interference in Bosnia and Hercegovina and brings to the readers a new viewpoint in terms of the “otherization” of Bosnia’s Muslim population. In order to explain this, Suljagić uses the notion of antemurale Christianitatis, which has been visible in Croatian politics since the 15th century. The external interventions have never been missing in the Balkans. Especially since the dissolution of Yugoslavia, transatlantic relations have become crucial for the region. In this context, Oya Dursun-Özkanca’s article argues that NATO accession acts as a prelude to the eventual EU accession, ensuring that the countries stay the course of engaging in reforms and contributing to Euro-Atlantic security while confirming their commitment to democracy. Yet, in recent years, other actors –Russia, China, and Turkey– have started to play an important role in the region, both politically and economically. While a withdrawal of Russia came to the fore after the fall of communism in the Balkans, lately it is trying to regain position in the region. Vsevolod Samokhvalov in his article argues that Russia and the Balkans states are exploring new ways of cooperation considering that Russia is applying a more assertive foreign policy, while the Balkan states are being more pragmatic. China is not lagging behind Russia in the Balkans; yet it is following a different path from Russia as China is acting generally on economic grounds. Within this framework, Liu Zuokui analyses China’s investments in the Balkans and its impact in the region. Lastly, Turkey is one of the main countries whose role in the region is increasing day by day. The commentary of Mehmet Uğur Ekinci provides a comprehensive analysis of Turkey’s Balkans policy; while Ilya Roubanis discusses Turkey’s role in the Balkans as part of the broader narrative of European integration. Yet, Turkey’s policies in the Balkans have not been unchallenged by other powers. The EU and especially Germany have started to see Turkey as an emerging threat in the region, especially in terms of economy. Elif Nuroğlu and Hüseyin H. Nuroğlu focus exactly on this issue and argue that even while currently the commercial competition between Turkey and Germany in the Balkans is not serious; in the forthcoming years Turkey has the potential to be a serious competitor to Germany. Religion is an important aspect of Turkey’s foreign policy; yet, this is true for Saudi Arabia as well. Focusing on the case of Bulgaria, Ismail Numan Telci and Aydzhan Yordanova Peneva evaluate the activities of Turkey and Saudi Arabia in the religious sphere. By doing so, the article explains the motivations behind such actions and addresses the impact of this activism on the Bulgarian society. The last article of this issue is that of Muhidin Mulalic, where he evaluates the trilateral relations between Turkey, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina and concludes that this tripartite diplomatic relation has been quite successful and has resulted in successful economic and trade cooperation. To conclude, the Balkans once considered as a powder keg is currently in a state of relative stability. Yet, this stability to some extent is threatened by the internal domestic and regional issues. Concurrently, the Balkans strategic position attracts external powers to intervene in the regional affairs. All this considered, the Balkan states find themselves at a crossroads and consequently are trying to create a balance between their domestic, regional, and international affairs. This issue of Insight Turkey aims at analyzing the above mentioned issues and provide to its readers a general framework of the most important and current events in the Balkans.

Download or read book German Companies doing Business in Post Communist Bulgaria Legal Economical Aspects written by Kjell Stein and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2004-04-19 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: In this thesis, I will strive to understand how German companies can be successful in post-Communist Bulgaria and why they might want to move their operations to Bulgaria. The central objective of this thesis is to assess the post-Communist business environment for German companies in Bulgaria. Hence, I will closely examine the present legal and economical environment of Bulgaria and will demonstrate the realm of opportunities this country has to offer to Western European entrepreneurs. Indeed the thesis can be presented that: German companies may avoid the disadvantages of globalisation by moving operations to Bulgaria. In order to highlight certain possibilities and achievements I will refer to German companies, which have already successfully built up operations in Bulgaria. One way to successfully analyse a certain industry, country or region is by applying a SWOT analysis. Especially the transition countries in Eastern Europe are interesting to analyse, because the region is faced with many opportunities as well as threats to the changing process. Consequently, reference will be made to the theoretical framework of a SWOT analysis. The SWOT analysis provides a broad overview of the situation of a country and should, therefore, be applied on the transforming countries such as Bulgaria. Further I will also deal with the question of Foreign Direct Investment, its main motives and Bulgarian legal framework. Before I begin to analyse Bulgaria s present economical, social and political situation, however, I believe it is necessary to provide a brief historical overview of the period, which preceded the imposition of communism, along with the performance of the Communist regime and its legacy. This seems especially vital since the Communist period shaped and controlled Bulgarian society for well over 40 years. As Emil Giatzidis states in his book An introduction to post-Communist Bulgaria: Political, economic and social transformation Communist regimes had no civil society since Communist society was totally patronised and controlled by a party that was equivalent to the state. Therefore, in all cases of former Communist countries special attention should be given to the issue of economic consolidation, since, as Giatzidis further argues the implementation of programmes to stabilise and more fundamentally to reform economies have posed formidable political challenges that have implications that go well beyond their [...]

Download or read book The Cities of the Eastern Roman Provinces 2nd Edition written by A. H. M. Jones and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the diffusion of the Greek city as a political institution throughout the lands of the Roman Empire bordering the Eastern Mediterranean over a period extending from Alexander's conquest of the East to the sixth century. Arranged in order of annexation, the regions are dealt with individually. The study examines to what extent native institutions were capable of being adapted to the Greek conception of the city, the activities of Hellenistic kings in founding cities, and the spontaneous diffusion of Greek political institutions in the Hellenization of the East. Professor Jones describes the restrictive effect of centralized administrative policy on some dynasties and the growth of cities in their dominions, and various aspects of the relations between cities and central government, including the cities' role in the economic life of the Empire. Other topics discussed include the local responsibilities of cities, administrative duties such as collecting taxes and levying recruits, the internal and political life of the cities, and their economic effect on the surrounding countryside.