Download or read book Britain Europe and EMU written by W. Eltis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-04-07 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how the transformation of Britain's economic performance has been based on control of public expenditure, improving competitiveness, co-operative industrial relations and a large favourable contribution from inward investment. In contrast, Europe has suffered from rising unemployment, while misguided trade policies have obstructed the exploitation of the IT revolution. Europe's failures will undermine the EMU project. Britain will do well to keep clear. The book concludes with chapters on the modern relevance of Locke on inflation, Ricardo on public debt and Condillac on the creation of competitive market economies.
Download or read book Britain the Euro and Beyond written by Mark Baimbridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book provides an analysis of the economic relationship between Britain and the EU and discusses the future direction in which this relationship might develop. It examines the historic and contemporary costs and benefits of EU membership, and assesses whether this has been a burden or a benefit for the British economy. In addition the authors assess current trends and developments, most notably in the area of participation in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the consequences that this would have. Questions of fiscal federalism, the development of a minimum level of social policy for Europe, together with the likely impact on business and trade unions are also considered. The authors then discuss potential future scenarios, including a more flexible loose membership arrangement or complete withdrawal, and the affect that a range of options might have on the British economy.
Download or read book Britain Emu and the European Economy written by Steve Bradley and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In January 1999, 11 member countries of the European Union 'irrevocably' locked the foreign exchange values of their currencies to the euro, and they committed themselves to abandon their currencies in favour of the euro in 2002. As a result, these countries ceased to operate independent monetary policies. Monetary policy for the whole euro-zone became the responsibility of the European Central Bank (ECB), whose primary objective is to maintain a low and stable rate of price inflation for the euro currency. The rules governing Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) were laid down in the treaty of Maastricht in 1992. As conditions for entry to EMU, the treaty specified 'convergence criteria', which consisted of upper limits for several macroeconomic aggregates, including, notably, a 3 percent maximum for the ratio of the public sector deficit to GDP and 60 percent for the ratio of public debt to GDP. In February 1998, the 11 applicant countries submitted statistical analyses relating to their satisfaction of these conditions. Despite doubts as to whether some of them had strictly met the conditions, the European Commission deemed them all eligible, and the euro was launched. The British government, though more clearly eligible than most other EU countries on the basis of the convergence criteria, decided to defer its decision on entry. In this paper, we consider the arguments for and against Economic and Monetary Union, and in particular whether it would be in Britain's interest to join. We begin with a brief review of the state of the European economy and an analysis of the first year performance of the new Euro currency.
Download or read book European Identity and EMU written by Esther Kemmer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-04-20 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: English: 6,5 out of 10, Maastricht University, language: English, abstract: Europe is coming closer together, this is shown in many parts of daily life. It is often argued that money is one of the best-known and most effective tools in symbolising the “united Europe”, the EU. Most of the member states of the European Union who matched the criteria of the Growth and Stability Pact seem to have agreed to this and joined the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) as soon as it was introduced. But why were there some who decided not to exchange their national currency in favour for the common European one? Did they not feel an affinity with other Europeans? Did they not see that all Europeans are part of a community which is trying to express its unity through a common currency? Or did they not view the Euro ideologically, but rationally? And if they did what does this tell us about their European Identity? In short, is it necessary to join the Economic and Monetary Union to be a European? This article tries to answer these questions by looking for reasons why Denmark, The United Kingdom and Sweden decided not to accept the Euro, in particular looking for similarities, and their relation to the development of a single European Identity. [...]
Download or read book Should the UK become a member of the European Monetary Union written by Helen Mueller and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2002-05-11 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1.7 (A-), Oxford Brookes University (School of Business), course: Business Environment UK, language: English, abstract: Background of EMU and current situation of the UK Since 1952 when the European Coal and Steel Community was founded the face of Europe has changed a lot. Barriers have been removed to enable goods, services, investment and people to move freely within the Community and politicians worked hard to get closer to the ideal of a political and economical united Europe. In two months the next major step will be taken by 12 nations of the European Union: The EURO will replace the old currencies. But Britain, although a member of the European Union, will not participate in Euro-zone in the foreseeable future. In 1991 the Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union) was signed in order to extend the Treaty of Rome (1957). One part of this Treaty was the formation of an economic and monetary union (EMU). Therefore the European Central Bank (ECB) was established and a new currency - the ECU, today called Euro. The ECB shall replace the national central banks and its "primary objective is to maintain a low and stable rate of price inflation for the euro currency." 1) Although Britain had joined the exchange rate system (ERS), the so called "parity grid" of the European Monetary System (EMS) in 1990 and had also signed the Maastricht Treaty it was forced to leave the EMS on Wednesday, 16 September 1992, known as "Black Wednesday". Sterling had dropped below the "floor" of the grid and all measures to support the currency failed. The UK gained opt-outs from stage 3 of EMU during the Maastricht conference, which means: "UK shall notify the council whether it intends to move to the third stage, and that unless it does, it will be under no obligation to do so." 2) Now, as the EMU comes closer the subject presses hard on the Blair-government but a date for the planned referendum, which shall bring a decision, is still not stated. [...]
Download or read book Britain and EMU written by Graham Bishop and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the deadline for the start of Economic and Monetary Union approaches, the British debate on the single currency is shifting. The contributors to this pamphlet believe that the time has come to state the case for British membership of the single currency.
Download or read book To what extent do you agree with those who argue that the UK should join the European Monetary Union EMU written by Alexander Dürr and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-01-04 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 2,3, Leeds Metropolitan University (Leeds Business School), course: EU Policy & Business, language: English, abstract: "Was it over the line?" – maybe one of the most import questions ever in England’s football history. Few if any goal has been discussed more often. At 2-2 in extra time in the 1966 final against West Germany, with eleven minutes of extra time gone, Geoff Hurst shot from fairly close in and the ball hit the underside of the cross bar, bounced down - apparently near the line - and was cleared. The referee awarded a goal after speaking to the linesman. Did the third goal cross the line? It is impossible to know for certain. The final whistle blew. England had won the World Cup at Wembley for the first time (EFL Reading, 2004). Obviously this decision of the referee brought the World cup to England . In politics, where decision have to be made every time, there are sometimes situations of uncertainty. Not always can a decision be made from the comfortable situation that everything is 100 per cent clear and the foreseeable benefit can convince even the hardest doubter. One of these situations for the United Kingdom nowadays is the question if they should join the EMU.
Download or read book One Money for Europe written by Malcolm Crawford and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe is on the road to monetary union (EMU) even if there may be delays and diversions on the way. The focal point of EMU will be its single currency, valid throughout all participating countries, and replacing the national currencies. There will be considerable transitional pain and stress, most of all for member states with very high public debts. For the rest, the road ahead will not be smooth, but should be assisted by easier monetary policy in Germany since 1993. For some countries at least, the pain will be aggravated unnecessarily by design defects in the transitional rules for entry - which there is still time to remedy. The author - no admirer of a federal Europe - describes how EMU could actually work better in a confederal Europe with no federal chief executive and with a relatively weak Parliament. The independent Eurofed would be responsible for managing economic policy on an EC-wide basis, while national governments could use fiscal policies to mitigate local deviations. Weak regions and poor peripheral countries would require more flexible assistance from EC resources, however.
Download or read book Should UK enter the EMU written by Hartwin Maas and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-08-25 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,2, Arnhem Business School (Arnhem Business School), course: International Economics, language: English, abstract: Since the beginning of the idea of the European Monetary Union (EMU), UK had a negative attitude towards a single monetary policy with a single currency. This antipathy was amplified on the one hand by the withdrawal of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992 caused by different economic policies, oil price rises and German unification and on the other hand by the launch of the EMU in 1999. In fact the UK government starts to work towards cooperation with the EMU by setting specific goals. But before taking further steps, the criteria of the Maastricht Treaty have to be fulfilled and the five economic tests assessed by the UK government have to be passed. Since 1997 the UK has made real progress towards meeting the five economic tests. Although there are arguments that in a long term the payback of joining EMU offset the costs, the benefits are too low and the costs too high at the moment. The idea of one currency in Europe has been around for many years. But according to Pitchford the true launching of the EMU process dates from the Werner Committee which was set up in 1970 and submitted its final report, called 'the Werner Report', in February 1971. The first major step for the implementation of the Werner plan was the European 'currency snake' in 1972. Through this arrangement the fluctuations between participants' exchange rates should be limited to ± 2.25%. However, this process was not effective because of the collapse of the Bretton-Woods regime which determined a fixed exchange rate in terms of gold. The UK joined the snake system just for one month. A further step was the creation of the European Monetary System (EMS) in 1979. The main objective of this system was to create monetary stability in Europe. This should be realized by the fixed rates between the currencies of the participating countries which where settled on their value against the European Currency Unit (ECU4). The UK did not join in the EMS and was still remote at the time of Delors Report in 1989.
Download or read book The Euro and Britain written by A. M. El-Agraa and published by FT Prenticehall. This book was released on 2002 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The euro is much more than just a currency. It is a symbol of European integration in every sense of the word. It is a symbol of stability and unity, freedom, democracy and human rights. But is it? And - when Britain joins the EMU - how will it affect us as individuals, employees, corporations and a nation?
Download or read book Business and the Euro written by M. Duckenfield and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-02-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how British and German business associations formed their political attitudes towards Economic and Monetary Union between 1988 and 1998. With provocative argument and unique insight, it demonstrates how business associations are political entities in their own right, acting strategically to promote members' specific interests.
Download or read book Betting for and Against EMU written by Leila S Talani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000: An analysis of the extent to which the outcomes of the process of European monetary integration and, particularly, of the development of the debate over the establishment of EMU, have been influenced by domestic politics and by domestic economic interest groups in Italy and in the United Kingdom. From an empirical point of view, the work provides an account of the development of Italian and British socio-economic interest groups towards the issue of European monetary union from the making of the EMS until the establishment of EMU.
Download or read book Britain for and Against Europe written by David Baker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides up-to-date analysis of the often problematic relationship between various elements of British political culture and the developing European Union. The book concludes by discussing future relations between Britain and Europe.
Download or read book The Euro Should Britain Join the European Monetary Union written by Florian Langhammer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject Economics - Monetary theory and policy, grade: 2,0 (B), Oxford Brookes University (Business School), course: Business Environment of the UK, language: English, abstract: HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION OF THE EMU With the Maastricht Treaty the EC heads of state and government agreed on a three-legged "European Union" (EU) on December 9 and 10, 1991, which should include a common foreign and security policy, cooperation on domestic and security policy and the creation of a European Economic and Monetary Union (EEMU). The European Monetary Union (EMU) is to be effected according to a concrete time schedule - the three-stage plan which was agreed upon in the Maastricht Treaty and the conversion plan which was decided December 1995. To ensure the stability of a single currency, especially in the initial phase, the states participating in the EMU must satisfy the following convergence criteria as constituted in the Maastricht treaty: 1. Inflation criteria: Price stability with no more than 1.5 percentage points above the inflation rate of the top three member states. [...]
Download or read book A More Perfect Union written by David Miliband and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Europeanization of British Politics written by I. Bache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-08-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a unique book-length accounts of the domestic impact of EU membership. Drawing on expert contributions, this volume provides a state of the art account of how membership has affected the institutions of central, devolved and local governance, the activities of organized interests, and major areas of public policy.
Download or read book Should Uk Enter the Emu written by Hartwin Maas and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-09 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,2, Arnhem Business School (Arnhem Business School), course: International Economics, language: English, abstract: Since the beginning of the idea of the European Monetary Union (EMU), UK had a negative attitude towards a single monetary policy with a single currency. This antipathy was amplified on the one hand by the withdrawal of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992 caused by different economic policies, oil price rises and German unification and on the other hand by the launch of the EMU in 1999. In fact the UK government starts to work towards cooperation with the EMU by setting specific goals. But before taking further steps, the criteria of the Maastricht Treaty have to be fulfilled and the five economic tests assessed by the UK government have to be passed. Since 1997 the UK has made real progress towards meeting the five economic tests. Although there are arguments that in a long term the payback of joining EMU offset the costs, the benefits are too low and the costs too high at the moment. The idea of one currency in Europe has been around for many years. But according to Pitchford the true launching of the EMU process dates from the Werner Committee which was set up in 1970 and submitted its final report, called 'the Werner Report', in February 1971. The first major step for the implementation of the Werner plan was the European 'currency snake' in 1972. Through this arrangement the fluctuations between participants' exchange rates should be limited to ± 2.25%. However, this process was not effective because of the collapse of the Bretton-Woods regime which determined a fixed exchange rate in terms of gold. The UK joined the snake system just for one month. A further step was the creation of the European Monetary System (EMS) in 1979. The main objective of this system was to create monetary stability in Europe. This should be realized by the fixed rates between t
