Download or read book The Early Dutch Sinologists 1854 1900 written by Koos (P.N.) Kuiper and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 1206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Early Dutch Sinologists Koos Kuiper gives a detailed account of the studies and work of the 24 Dutchmen trained as “interpreters” for the Netherlands Indies before 1900. Most began studying at Leiden University, then went to Amoy to study southern Chinese dialects. Their main functions were translating Dutch law into Chinese, advising the courts on Chinese law and checking Chinese accounts books, later also regulating coolie affairs. Actually their services were not always appreciated and there was not enough work for them; later many pursued other careers in the Indies administration or in scholarship. This study also analyses the three dictionaries they compiled. Based on a wealth of primary sources, it gives a fascinating picture of personal cross-cultural contacts.

Download or read book The Sugar Plantation in India and Indonesia written by Ulbe Bosma and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-07 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European markets almost exclusively relied on Caribbean sugar produced by slave labor until abolitionist campaigns began around 1800. Thereafter, importing Asian sugar and transferring plantation production to Asia became a serious option for the Western world. In this book, Ulbe Bosma details how the British and Dutch introduced the sugar plantation model in Asia and refashioned it over time. Although initial attempts by British planters in India failed, the Dutch colonial administration was far more successful in Java, where it introduced in 1830 a system of forced cultivation that tied local peasant production to industrial manufacturing. A century later, India adopted the Java model in combination with farmers' cooperatives rather than employing coercive measures. Cooperatives did not prevent industrial sugar production from exploiting small farmers and cane cutters, however, and Bosma finds that much of modern sugar production in Asia resembles the abuses of labor by the old plantation systems of the Caribbean.

Download or read book Art et architecture aux Pays Bas written by Anna Wagner and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 1822 1851 written by Boston (Mass.). Office of the Mayor and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Globi Neerlandici written by Peter Van Der Krogt and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1993 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With bibliography of globes made in the Low Countries, ca. 1525-1800.

Download or read book Author List written by Philip Lee Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The New China written by Henri Borel and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Compilation of Notes on the Most Important Timber Tree Species of the Philippine Islands written by George Patrick 1859-1942 Ahern and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Download or read book Art of the Twenties written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Guinea written by Luigi Maria D'Albertis and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modern Art in the Common Culture written by Thomas Crow and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hoofdstukken over kunstenaars en kunstuitingen vormen het uitgangspunt van deze Studie over de relatie tussen avant-garde kunst en de massacultuur

Download or read book A Hundred Years of Photography 1839 1939 written by Lucia Moholy and published by . This book was released on 1939 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Big L written by National Defense University Press and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 15 Drawings written by Sam Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sugarlandia Revisited written by Ulbe Bosma and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar was the single most valuable bulk commodity traded internationally before oil became the world's prime resource. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, cane sugar production was pre-eminent in the Atlantic Islands, the Caribbean, and Brazil. Subsequently, cane sugar industries in the Americas were transformed by a fusion of new and old forces of production, as the international sugar economy incorporated production areas in Asia, the Pacific, and Africa. Sugar's global economic importance and its intimate relationship with colonialism offer an important context for probing the nature of colonial societies. This book questions some major assumptions about the nexus between sugar production and colonial societies in the Caribbean and Southeast Asia, especially in the second (post-1800) colonial era.

Download or read book A History of Andres Serrano a History of Sex written by Andres Serrano and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Art of the American Snapshot 1888 1978 written by Sarah Greenough and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Art of the American Snapshot' examines the evolution of this most common form of photography. The book shows that among the countless snapshots taken by American amateurs, some works, through intention or accident, continue to resonate long after their intimate context and original meaning have been lost.