Download or read book Pollutant Load Reductions for Total Maximum Daily Loads for Highways written by Shahid A. Abbasi and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The intent of this synthesis is to collect information on the types of best management practices (BMPs) currently being used by state departments of transportation (DOTs) for meeting total maximum daily load (TMDL) water quality goals for stormwater runoff. The study approach includes two major components: interviews with 12 state DOTs to identify the existing state of the practice as it relates to TMDL implementation, and a review of selected literature sources based on the criteria of highways, TMDLs, BMP performance, and BMP cost to stay consistent with the goals of this synthesis. In particular, detailed quantitative BMP performance and cost data, including life-cycle costs, are presented, which builds significantly on previous studies of this nature. The impetus for this study was to help fill in a significant information gap on what types of BMPs are cost-effective for specific use in linear highway applications for TMDL implementation purposes. Even with the advent of new low-impact development/green infrastructure practices, there remain a lack of effective BMP technologies and nonstructural controls (e.g., source control and water quality credit trading) for DOTs to implement for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit compliance. This problem will only grow larger as new TMDLs are continually being developed, and many DOTs are unprepared both technically and economically to cope with the additional requirements (some states already have 60+ TMDLs in which they are a named stakeholder). In an effort to help state DOTs with TMDL implementation, a simple user-friendly BMP matrix/toolbox with quantitative performance and, where available, life-cycle cost data for various structural and nonstructural BMPs is presented. Some of the more common TMDL pollutants of concern (sediment, nutrients, fecal coliform, and metals) are focused to maximize applicability for state DOTs. The performance and cost data were derived from numerous literature sources including the International Stormwater BMP Database, which currently consists of more than 400 studies. This study is designed to help promote information exchange and technology transfer among DOTs for the mutual benefit of all highway managers faced with TMDL implementation. Conclusions from this synthesis are briefly highlighted here by general topic area, with more details provided in chapters four and five. Performance for structural BMPs varied by pollutant and BMP type; however, certain trends did emerge from the literature review. In general, total suspended solids (TSS) appear to be relatively easy to treat with a broad range of BMPs, including infiltration basins, sand filters, and bioretention. Nutrients (especially total nitrogen) can be more challenging to remove; nonetheless, some BMPs (e.g., Austin sand filters for total nitrogen and infiltration basins for total phosphorus) showed some promise. Fecal coliform data were limited; however, several BMPs were documented as being effective, including infiltration basins, and infiltration trenches, among others. Additional BMP performance data from the International Stormwater BMP Database support the view that media filters and retention ponds are consistently effective for a wide variety of TMDL pollutants, including TSS, nutrients, fecal coliform, and total metals. This conclusion is based on statistics that show that median concentrations of these pollutants were statistically lower in effluent concentrations compared with influent concentrations based on a large number of studies from around the country (although not all highway related). Overall, while these BMPs may be generally effective across a range of environmental conditions, obtaining local site-specific BMP monitoring data would be preferable for developing individual state DOT TMDL programs. Performance data are also presented for nonstructural practices such as street sweeping, catch basin cleaning, and tree planting. Quantitative performance data are generally lacking in the literature for these types of BMPs. The limited information found suggests that street sweeping and catch basin cleaning may potentially be effective strategies for reducing TSS, nutrients, and metals provided they are performed frequently enough and the right technology is used (in the case of sweeping). Tree planting and stream restoration were documented as having some water quality benefits for nutrients. Notably, anti-icing management has been successfully demonstrated in New Hampshire, where a 20% reduction in chlorides was achieved by upgrading the technology on snow plows in response to a chloride TMDL. In addition to performance, life-cycle cost data are presented where available. However, the cost information could not be adequately synthesized owing to differences in cost estimating approaches, reporting units, variability in costs among states and regions, and inconsistencies in BMP naming conventions. This also prevented a true cost-benefit analysis. However, numerous sources of life-cycle cost data, as well as sources for individual cost elements such as design, construction, and operation and maintenance, are provided where the interested reader may obtain more detailed information. Given the differences in cost from one region to another, the reader is encouraged to obtain cost data that are most relevant to their state. Hyperlinks are provided in the BMP matrix/toolbox where one may access examples of reports with detailed life-cycle cost data, and numerous additional cost sources are cited throughout the section on Highway Best Management Practices in chapter three. There appear to be several common elements to developing an effective TMDL implementation program, all of which have the potential to benefit DOTs by helping them receive a more equitable waste load allocation and developing a more manageable TMDL program. The key elements are listed here (although not all may apply to every DOT): Increase awareness and training within the DOT on TMDL issues, especially in cases where the DOT is named a stakeholder in only a few TMDLs (or none). Develop off-site watershed partnerships and collaborate with other stakeholders to ensure cost-effective approaches based on economies of scale and to promote information sharing and technology transfer among stakeholders. Collaborate with the state regulatory agency during the TMDL development process, especially early in the process. Estimate pollutant loads generated within the DOT right-of-way (either through water quality monitoring or modeling) and predict potential load reductions from various BMP implementation scenarios. Although some DOTs had relatively successful TMDL programs, others clearly faced a number of challenges. The primary challenges were limited financial resources, a lack of effective BMP technologies for linear highway applications, and difficulties in navigating complex regulatory environments where TMDL-related requirements were either inconsistently enforced or restricted the flexibility of the DOT in implementing BMPs of their choice. Further research is suggested on the following topics: long-term adverse environmental and cultural aspects of BMP implementation; new and innovative BMP technologies suitable for the highway environment; more studies on BMP longevity, life-cycle costs, and maintenance costs and standards; and alternative and creative solutions to addressing emerging TMDLs for less traditional pollutants such as biological integrity, sediment toxicity, and organic compounds (e.g., vehicle source control, water quality trading)"--Pages 1-2.
Download or read book Nationwide Evaluation of Combined Sewer Overflows and Urban Stormwater Discharges written by James P. Heaney and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nationwide Evaluation of Combined Sewer Overflows and Urban Stormwater Discharges Executive summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report Southern Research Station written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The National Costs to Implement TMDLs written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lower Santa Ynez River Fish Management Plan and Cachuma Project Biological Opinion for Southern Steelhead Trout written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Manual For Current Therapies In Regenerative Medicine written by Jan-thorsten Schantz and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emerging field of regenerative medicine has led to a paradigm shift in therapeutic procedures. Scientific discovery in stem cell biology and material sciences, as well as in genetics have resulted in clinical concepts that focus on regeneration rather than repair. Also, translational research provided mankind with therapeutic tools to grow complex tissues and organs for transplantation into patients. These new technologies not only benefited patients but they also have significant socioeconomic potential.This manual aims to provide an overview on a variety of clinically applied strategies in the current field of regenerative medicine, and it also contains concise key data for a rapidly growing industry. As such, both patients and doctors will find the information contained within this manual to be useful and relevant. The editors are both international leaders in the field of regenerative medicine, and both possess a broad spectrum of experience from basic research to clinical application and commercialization.
Download or read book Research Reporting Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparing Urban Water Use Efficiency Plans written by Lisa Maddaus and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many communities are facing water scarcity in developing and developed countries alike. There are numerous publications and on-going research studies documenting the changes in our climate and potential for worsening shortages in our future. Meeting future potable water demands as communities continue to grow will rely heavily on using our existing water resources more efficiently. Preparing Urban Water Use Efficiency Plans provides detailed approaches to developing and implementing a water conservation plan. This book covers the broad spectrum of conservation planning for urban communities including achieving more efficiency from: Residential domestic uses Commercial and governmental facilities use Industrial uses Pricing Water Loss Control Programs The steps in the Guide clearly outline and provide sample calculations to aid determining which water use efficiency activities are financially justifiable to undertake. The end result is a plan that policy decision makers can adopt and fund, and that water service provider staff can implement to help increase their community's water reliability. It includes numerous case studies and a Microsoft Excel based software tool to allow planners to evaluate the business case for implementing various water conservation activities. This book is an essential resource for professionals in water and wastewater resources, particularly for planners and engineers. It is also a useful guide for Post Graduate and Undergraduate students. Author(s): Lisa Maddaus, William Maddaus and Michelle Maddaus, Maddaus Water Management Inc.
Download or read book Economic and environmental impact assessment of proposed effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the coal mining industry remining and western alkaline subcategories written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report SRS written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Conservation for Small and Medium Sized Utilities written by Deborah Green and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation For utilities serving up to 100,000 customers, this book provides guidance on implementing a water conservation program. With a menu of conservation approaches from which to choose, the book lets utilities plan a custom program. Includes worksheets, cost analysis, sample programs, and recommended budgets.
Download or read book Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management written by Marie Venner and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Department of Transportation research preferences -- Review of published literature and potential research needs -- Summary of identified research gaps and needs -- Master bibliography -- Appendixes.
Download or read book Economic and Environmental Impact Assessment of Proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Coal Mining Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smart Water Technologies and Techniques written by David A. Lloyd Owen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Insightful Examination of Smart Water Systems and Technology Inland water supplies are under increasing pressure. Climate, social, and demographic change have begun tipping the balance toward demand management, as supplies begins to dwindle. Water and wastewater infrastructure will play a central role in the management of this increasingly valuable resource, and Smart Water Technologies and Techniques: Data Capture and Analysis for Sustainable Water Management provides insight on a key part of the solution. Smart water applications optimise the way water and wastewater services are used, allowing more efficient allocation of limited resources while adding flexibility to the system. Automation, real-time data capture, and rapid interpretation allow utilities and users to monitor, manage, and act on the part of the water cycle that matters to them, minimizing costs of providing service through optimal use of extant assets. This book brings together the core principles, key developments, and current state-of-the-art into a single resource that: Considers smart water within operational, economic, policy, and regulatory contexts Provides a comprehensive overview of the smart water concept and the latest advances in the field Examines key considerations and objections raised to date Discusses the potential value of smart water, from perception to policy Shows how smart water systems can optimize efficiency and flexibility of water and wastewater management Explores future directions for smart water development in the pursuit of balanced supply and demand Although primarily designed for water supply and sanitation, smart water systems may be applied to irrigation, reservoir and dam management, inland water flows, and more, making it a valuable asset as water scarcity begins to spread around the globe. This book answers the questions, assuages concerns, and explains the technology that could revolutionize the way water is accessed and supplied.
