Download or read book Biomimetic Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles and Their Applications as Electro catalysts in Fuel Cells written by Yujing Li and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanotechnology in Electrocatalysis for Energy written by Alessandro Lavacchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on nanotechnology in electrocatalysis for energy applications. In particular the book covers nanostructured electrocatalysts for low temperature fuel cells, low temperature electrolyzers and electrochemical valorization. The function of this book is to provide an introduction to basic principles of electrocatalysis, together with a review of the main classes of materials and electrode architectures. This book will illustrate the basic ideas behind material design and provide an introductory sketch of current research focuses. The easy-to-follow three part book focuses on major formulas, concepts and philosophies. This book is ideal for professionals and researchers interested in the field of electrochemistry, renewable energy and electrocatalysis.

Download or read book Noble Metal Based Nanocomposites written by Jun Yang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a systematic and coherent picture of the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials, their characterization, and potential applications in electrocatalysis Within the last decade, the development of wet-chemistry methods has led to the blossom of research in composite nanomaterials. However, the design and synthesis of composite nanomaterials with controlled properties remains a significant challenge. This book summarizes the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials. It examines their characterization, as well as their use in electrocatalysis. It also discusses the intrinsic relationship between the catalytic properties and the physical /chemical effects in the composite materials, and offers some perspectives for the future development of metal-based composite nanomaterials. In addition, the book not only provides a systematic and coherent picture of this field, but also inspires rethinking of the current processing technologies. Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of ethanol-mediated phase transfer of metal ions and nanoparticles. It presents the full range of nanocomposites consisting of chalcogenide semiconductors and gold, silver sulfide, or other noble metals. It also examines core-shell structured cadmium selenide-platinum nanocomposites; Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites for direct methanol fuel cells operated at high fuel concentrations; and nanocomposites consisting of metal oxides and noble metals. In addition, the book looks at scientific issues derived from noble metal-based nanocomposites. -Covers all of the preparations of noble metal-based nanocomposites and their numerous applications -Highlights some of the recent breakthroughs in the design, engineering, and applications of noble metal-based nanocomposites -Appeals to a wide range audience, especially researchers in the areas of catalysis, chemistry, chemical engineering, materials synthesis and characterization, and fuel cell Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications is an excellent book for inorganic chemists, materials scientists, catalytic chemists, chemical engineers, and those interested in the subject.

Download or read book Biomimetic Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanocrystals and the Mechanism Studies written by Lingyan Ruan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured materials with dimensions reaching the nanoscale possess novel properties different from their bulk counterparts. Engineering nanomaterials to exploit their improved functions show important applications in catalysis, electrocatalysis, electronics, optoelectronics, and energy devices. One of the challenges to date is to develop methods for producing nanomaterials in a controllable and predictable fashion. We seek to develop novel biomimetic synthetic protocols for programmable nanomaterial synthesis, i.e., using biomolecules with specific material recognition properties to manipulate nanomaterial morphologies and structures. Starting with three Pt binding peptides with distinct recognition properties, i.e., a Pt material specific peptide BP7A and two Pt facet specific peptides T7 (Pt {100} facet specific) and S7 (Pt {111} facet specific), we demonstrate a rational creation of Pt bipyramids, a new type of shape for Pt nanocrystals. The BP7A peptide is found to be able to introduce twinning during Pt nanocrystal growth. We use it to generate single twinned seeds for Pt nanocrystals. Together with targeted facet stabilization using T7/S7 peptides, Pt {100} bipyramid and {111} bipyramid are successfully synthesized for the first time. We further utilize the twin introducing property of the BP7A peptide to generate ultrathin Pt nanowire with high twin densities. We show that the Pt nanowire possesses higher electrocatalytic activity and durability in oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions due to its one-dimensional nanostructure and the presence of dense twin defects, demonstrating the concept of defect engineering in nanocrystals as a strategy in the design of novel electrocatalyst. The organic-inorganic interface is a key issue in many fields including colloidal syntheses and biomimetics, the understanding of which can enable the design of new material synthetic strategies. We aim to understand how the Pt binding peptides modulate the formations of specific Pt nanostructures. We start with mechanistic investigations on S7 peptide's Pt {111} recognition property, and proceed to studying BP7A peptide's twin introducing property. With combined experimental and computational efforts, we identify the molecular origins of the biorecognition properties of these two peptides. Moreover, we extend extracted biomimetic principles to the rational design/selection of small organic molecules that deliver anticipated traits for controlled colloidal synthesis for other noble metals (Pd and Rh). Overall, we demonstrate the power of biomimetic synthesis in rationally creating nanomaterial structures with novel properties. Our mechanism studies demonstrate the rich information one can derive from biomimetic synthesis, and the broad applicability of biomimetic principles to engineering material structures for many potential applications.

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Catalysis written by Kenneth I. Ozoemena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global experts provide an authoritative source of information on the use of electrochemical fuel cells, and in particular discuss the use of nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing energy systems. The book covers the state of the art in the design, preparation, and engineering of nanoscale functional materials as effective catalysts for fuel cell chemistry, highlights recent progress in electrocatalysis at both fuel cell anode and cathode, and details perspectives and challenges in future research.

Download or read book Metal Oxide Based Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells Electrolyzers and Metal Air Batteries written by Teko Napporn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-01-30 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide-Based Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells, Electrolyzers, and Metal-Air Batteries is a comprehensive book summarizing the recent overview of these new materials developed to date. The book is motivated by research that focuses on the reduction of noble metal content in catalysts to reduce the cost associated to the entire system. Metal oxides gained significant interest in heterogeneous catalysis for basic research and industrial deployment. Metal Oxide-Based Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells, Electrolyzers, and Metal-Air Batteries puts these opportunities and challenges into a broad context, discusses the recent researches and technological advances, and finally provides several pathways and guidelines that could inspire the development of ground-breaking electrochemical devices for energy production or storage. Its primary focus is how materials development is an important approach to produce electricity for key applications such as automotive and industrial. The book is appropriate for those working in academia and R&D in the disciplines of materials science, chemistry, electrochemistry, and engineering. Includes key aspects of materials design to improve the performance of electrode materials for energy conversion and storage device applications Reviews emerging metal oxide materials for hydrogen production, hydrogen oxidation, oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution Discusses metal oxide electrocatalysts for water-splitting, metal-air batteries, electrolyzer, and fuel cell applications

Download or read book Boosting Eco Friendly Power with Nanoparticles written by K. Rani and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for eco-friendly power generation is increasing due to concerns about the impact of traditional power generation methods on the environment. Nanoparticles have been identified as a potential solution to this problem. In particular, non-noble metal nanoparticles have been found to have excellent electrocatalytic properties, making them a promising material for boosting eco-friendly power generation. The use of nanoparticles for electrocatalysis in power generation has been extensively studied in recent years. Nanoparticles have been shown to enhance the performance of fuel cells, batteries, and solar cells. However, the high cost and scarcity of noble metals such as platinum have limited their widespread use. Non-noble metal nanoparticles, on the other hand, are abundant and relatively cheap, making them a more attractive alternative. Electrocatalysis is the process of using a catalyst to accelerate an electrochemical reaction. In the context of power generation, electrocatalysis is used to improve the efficiency of energy conversion. Non-noble metal nanoparticles have been found to be effective electrocatalysts due to their high surface area, which allows for more active sites for electrochemical reactions. The synthesis of non-noble metal nanoparticles using eco-friendly and sustainable methods is an important area of research. This is where green chemistry comes into play. Green chemistry is a set of principles and practices aimed at reducing the environmental impact of chemical processes. The use of eco-friendly materials, renewable resources, and non-toxic chemicals is an essential aspect of green chemistry. Nanotechnology offers a powerful tool for the development of eco-friendly power generation technologies. Nanoparticles can be synthesized using sustainable and eco-friendly methods to improve their electrocatalytic properties. The use of non-noble metal nanoparticles in power generation has the potential to significantly reduce the cost and environmental impact of energy conversion. In conclusion, boosting eco-friendly power generation with nanoparticles is a promising area of research. The use of non-noble metal nanoparticles as electrocatalysts has been found to be effective in improving energy conversion efficiency. By using eco-friendly materials and sustainable manufacturing processes, we can develop a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy system.

Download or read book Noble Metal Based Nanomaterials in the Application of Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells written by Liang Su and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cells are envisaged to be a new generation of power sources which convert chemical energy into electrical energy with, theoretically, both economical and environmental benefit. As a subcategory of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, direct alcohol fuel cells exhibit the most pertinent properties in the application of portable electronic devices. As the most important and the most expensive component in DAFCs, electrocatalysts have attracted considerable academic and industrial attention. One of the en route research on fuel cells aims to develop nanomaterials with better catalytic performance and lower cost. Proceeding towards this goal, this dissertation will be focusing on the study of the cathode and the anode catalysts in DAFCs. Specifically, as anode catalysts, novel palladium based, 1-dimensional, membrane electrodes were fabricated via a facile and versatile electrospinning – electroless plating procedure. Nanofibrous polyamide 6 and titanium dioxide were prepared by electrospinning, serving as the template for the subsequent electroless plating of Pd. The as-prepared, free-standing Pd nanofibers were applied in the electrocatalysis of ethanol oxidation reaction and glycerol oxidation reaction in alkaline medium. Beyond the examination of the activity of the catalysts, the mechanisms of EOR and GOR on Pd in alkaline electrolyte were also studied. In the context of cathode catalysts, platinum-copper alloy nanotubes were synthesized by galvanic replacement reaction using high-quality Cu nanowires as the sacrificial template. This rationally designed electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction inherited the advantage of improved catalytic activity from the incorporation of a second transition metal and ameliorated durability from the 1-dimensional structure, which were verified by rotating disk electrode experiment and accelerated durability test, respectively. In addition, the fabrication of Pt based, free-standing catalyst on a conductive substrate, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline, was also investigated using electrodeposition technique. The applicability of the as-prepared Pt/SWCNTs composite as a free-standing electrocatalyst for ORR was also demonstrated. In summary, the developed methods for the fabrication of free-standing membrane electrodes and rationally designed nanomaterials combining several favorable properties will open up new avenues in the preparation of noble metal based nanomaterials and can be potentially extended to the synthesis of a wider range of electrocatalysts in the application of DAFCs.

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells written by Fatih Sen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-25 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells explains nanomaterials and nanocomposites as well as the characterization, manufacturing, and design of alcohol fuel cell applications. The advantages of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) are significant for reliable and long-lasting portable power sources used in devices such as mobile phones and computers. Even though substantial improvements have been made in DAFC systems over the last decade, more effort is needed to commercialize DAFCs by producing durable, low-cost, and smaller-sized devices. Nanomaterials have an important role to play in achieving this aim. The use of nanotechnology in DAFCs is vital due to their role in the synthesis of nanocatalysts within the manufacturing process. Lately, nanocatalysts containing carbon such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanocoils have also attracted much attention. When compared to traditional materials, carbon-based materials have unique advantages, such as high corrosion resistance, better electrical conductivity, and less catalyst poisoning. This book also covers different aspects of nanocomposites fabrication, including their preparation, design, and characterization techniques for their fuel cell applications. This book is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers, energy scientists, and electrochemists who are seeking to improve their understanding of how nanomaterials are being used to enhance the efficiency and lower the cost of DAFCs. Shows how nanomaterials are being used for the design and manufacture of DAFCs Explores how nanotechnology is being used to enhance the synthesis and catalysis processes to create the next generation of fuel cells Assesses the major challenges of producing nanomaterial-based DAFCs on an industrial scale

Download or read book Nano electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction written by Omar Solorza Feria and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-21 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming switches our reliance from fossil fuels to green, sustainable renewable energy sources. Because of its promising nature, high-efficiency nano-electrocatalysts have sparked interest in renewable energy. Hydrogen fuel cell/polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) vehicles are the most environmentally conscious electromobility vehicles, with a high energy density and quick refuelling technology, prompting the auto industry to launch a variety of PEM fuel cell vehicles around the world. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) primary research interests include fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The sluggish kinetic reaction of ORR, which is responsible for the rate-limiting reaction at the PEM fuel cell cathodic system, further decreases energy efficiency. Optimising ORR for market expansion with cost-effective and efficient nano-electrocatalysts, on the other hand, remains a challenge. The book covers fundamental ORR reaction kinetics theories, tools, and techniques. It also explains the nano electrocatalysts for ORR made of noble, non-noble, and nanocarbon materials. Finally, the book explores the applications of PEM fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell written by Yixuan Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs), such as methanol and ethanol ones, are very promising advanced power systems that may considerably reduce dependence on fossil fuels and are, therefore, attracting increased attention worldwide. Nanostructured materials can improve the performance of the cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes of DAFCs. This book focuses on the most recent advances in the science and technology of nanostructured materials for direct alcohol fuel cells, including novel non-noble or low noble metal catalysts deposited on the graphene layer and metal-free doped carbon black for oxygen electroreduction reaction, Sn-based bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles for alcohol electro-oxidation reaction, and novel nanomaterials for promoting proton transfer in electrolytes. In addition, the book includes chapters from not only experimentalists but also computational chemists who have worked in the development of advanced power systems for decades. Illustrated throughout with excellent figures, this multidisciplinary work is not just a reference for researchers in chemistry and materials science, but a handy textbook for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students in nanoscience- and nanotechnology-related courses, especially those with an interest in developing novel materials for advanced power systems.

Download or read book Morphology Control of Noble Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts Using Strategic Organic Capping Agents in Colloidal Phase Synthesis written by Kayla Mae Roeser and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noble metals are the most sought after elements for catalysis because of their versatility, activity, and recyclability for a variety of applications; however they are limited as a resource and expensive. Noble metal nanoparticles offer a solution for use in catalysis because their high surface area to volume ratio maximizes their available surface sites while minimizing the amount of metal used. Additionally, particularly exposed facets of nanoparticles can increase surface energies for superior catalytic activity and induce novel electronic/physical properties. In the first chapter of my thesis, I synthesized palladium, platinum, and semiconductor titania nanoparticles through a biomimetic approach by using peptides to preferentially bind to and expose particular crystal facets of nanoparticles. Using a combinatorial approach called biopanning to find highly selective surface energy modifiers for particular facets of materials gave insight to unique binding motifs for materials as well as induced morphology controlled nanoparticles at ambient conditions. There are limitless combinations of solvents, capping agents, and inorganic precursors for inorganic nanoparticle synthesis. Understanding these systems in terms of more global trends would circumvent the current colossal approach of empirically screening systems. To do this, considering the inorganic-organic interfacial relationship is key. In the second chapter, I report unique aryl small molecules which preferentially bind to palladium surfaces through electrostatic potentials and epitaxial binding in nanoparticle synthesis. These results offer an understanding to the dynamic binding relationship between capping agents and nanoparticle surfaces. Lastly, I report on the synthesis of gold-palladium nanoparticles and their activity for the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction. It was found that the (100) facets of gold-palladium were more catalytically active than the (111) surface. Details of the nanoparticle shape, size, and activity add to the understanding how this material behaves at the atomic level and will help to impact future advances in this field of catalysis. The syntheses described here are important because they are environmentally friendly, they offer information about the binding mechanisms at the organic-inorganic interface of the systems, and give insight to catalytic behavior. All of this work is necessary to further exploit nanoparticle synthesis, assembly and provide the precise engineering of nanostructured materials.

Download or read book Creation of New Metal Nanoparticles and Their Hydrogen Storage and Catalytic Properties written by Kohei Kusada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports the discovery of metal nanoparticles having new structures that do not exist in bulk state and that exhibit hydrogen storage ability or CO oxidation activity. Research into the reaction of hydrogen with metals has attracted much attention because of potential applications as effective hydrogen storage materials, as permeable films, or as catalysts for hydrogenation. Also, CO oxidation catalysts have been extensively developed because of their importance to CO removal from car exhaust or fuel-cell systems. At the same time, atomic-level (solid solution) alloying has the advantage of being able to continuously control chemical and physical properties of elements by changing compositions and/or combinations of constituent elements. This thesis provides a novel strategy for the basis of inter-elemental fusion to create highly efficient functional materials for energy and material conversions.

Download or read book Catalysts for Alcohol fuelled Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells written by Zhen-Xing Liang and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state-of-the-art review on recent advances in nanocatalysts and electrocatalysis in DOFCs.

Download or read book Controllable Synthesis and Atomic Scale Regulation of Noble Metal Catalysts written by Yancai Yao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the preparation of metal nanocrystals and its applications. In this book, an important point highlighted is how to design noble metal nanocrystals at the atomic scale for energy conversion and storage. It also focuses on the controllable synthesis of water splitting electrode materials including anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and cathode hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the atomic level by defect engineering and synergistic effect. In addition, in-situ technologies and theoretical calculations are utilized to reveal the catalytic mechanisms of catalysts under realistic operating condition. The findings presented not only enrich research in the nano-field, but also support the promotion of national and international cooperation.

Download or read book Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Catalysis Application written by Zipeng Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental issues have attracted more and more public attention. Fuel cell, which is an energy conversion device, consumes renewable fuel (hydrogen, methanol etc.) and oxygen to produce electricity. It holds broad application potential for future automobile vehicle and portable device. Electrochemistry catalysis plays a key role in fuel cell operation as all energy conversion reactions are based on electrochemistry catalysis. In present hydrogen based proton exchange membrane fuel cell, cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) demands significant larger amount of catalyst than hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) at anode because the cathode ORR is six orders magnitude slower than anode HOR. Now days, Platinum is used as catalyst for ORR, the scarcity and precious feature of platinum contributes to the high cost of fuel cell system which is the biggest obstacle for fuel cell broad application. Non-platinum catalyst is under developing but far away from practical requirement. Thus, intensive research is focused on developing new Pt based catalyst with lower Pt loading, higher activity and longer life time. Inspired by ORR study on Pt75Ni25(111) single crystal electrode, my work is focused on developing octahedral PtNi, PtNiCo, and PtNiCu nano structures with exposed {111} facet. I developed a simple method for direct growth of PtNi octahedral nanostructure on carbon support. The advantage of prepared octahedral PtNi catalysts is the good dispersity on carbon support as well as bulk surfactant free surface. In ORR test, the prepared octahedral PtNi/C catalyst demonstrates at least 7.9 times mass activity (ORR activity normalized by Pt mass loading) compared to commercial Pt/C catalyst. The method can also be extended for synthesis of PtNiCo and PtNiCu ternary alloy catalyst. By introducing Co2CO8 as precursor, which can release metallic cobalt during decomposition, cobalt co-reducing challenge during PtNi synthesis can be overcome. Thus, I developed a method for direct growth of PtNiCo ternary alloy catalyst with uniform elemental distribution on carbon support. The ORR test result demonstrates that ORR activity can be optimized by composition tuning for PtNiCo ternary catalyst. It is noted that alloying Pt with transition metal can improve the ORR activity of Pt. The transition metal retention is important for catalyst stability because transition metal content is critical for ORR activity. I find with the present of Cu, octahedral PtNiCu ternary nanostructure can retain more transition metal than octahedral PtNi, leading to the improved activity after catalyst activation and better stability. The PtNiCu shows at least 13.2 times mass activity compared to commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, octahedral PtNiCu shows significantly improved stability (mass activity retention) compared to commercial Pt/C. In addition to ORR catalysis, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is also important for hydrogen fuel cell broad application. HER is a potentially carbon dioxide emission free route for hydrogen mass production, holds the environmental advantage especially compared to current main industrial hydrogen production routes using natural gas as source. Thus, HER also attracts broad research interests as an electrochemistry catalysis. In my work, octahedral PtNiCu shows significantly improved both activity and stability compared to octahedral PtNi as well as commercial Pt/C for HER catalysis in alkaline electrolyte. The phenomenon can be explained as the addition Cu modified surface d-band structure thus optimized HO binding on catalyst surface, which is an important reaction intermediate for HER in alkaline media. Direct methanol fuel cell holds advantage for powering future portable device due to its high theoretical potential and energy density. However, it is currently limited by the slow kinetics of the anode methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which is also an electrochemistry catalysis. In my work, stable palladium hydride nanomaterials is developed, which showed large Pd-Pd distance compared to palladium alone. The increased Pd-Pd distance can weaken the binding for carbon monoxide molecules on surface Pd atoms, which is predicted by previous theoretical study and demonstrated experimentally in this work. As a result, palladium hydride nanomaterials show better MOR activity than palladium nanomaterials with same morphology. It is also first time the catalytic characteristic of palladium hydride nanomaterials is reported.

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Alcohol Fuel Cells written by Inamuddin and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2019-05-25 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol fuel cells are very attractive as power sources for mobile and portable applications. As they convert the chemical energy of fuels into electricity, much recent research is directed at developing suitable and efficient catalysts for the process. The present book focuses on pertinent types of nanomaterial-based catalysts, membranes and supports.