Download or read book Biomimetic Membranes for Sensor and Separation Applications written by Claus Hélix-Nielsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-02 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the possibilities and challenges in mimicking biological membranes and creating membrane-based sensor and separation devices. Recent advances in developing biomimetic membranes for technological applications will be presented with focus on the use of integral membrane protein mediated transport for sensing and separation. It describes the fundamentals of biosensing as well as separation and shows how the two processes are working in a cooperative manner in biological systems. Biomimetics is a truly cross-disciplinary approach and this is exemplified using the process of forward osmosis will be presented as an illustration of how advances in membrane technology may be directly stimulated by an increased understanding of biological membrane transport. In the development of a biomimetic sensor/separation technology, both channels (ion and water channels) and carriers (transporters) are important. An ideal sensor/separation device requires the supporting biomimetic matrix to be virtually impermeable to anything but the solute in question. In practice, however, a biomimetic support matrix will generally have finite permeabilities to water, electrolytes, and non-electrolytes. These non-protein mediated membrane transport contributions will be presented and the implications for biomimetic device construction will be discussed. New developments in our understanding of the reciprocal coupling between the material properties of the biomimetic matrix and the embedded proteins will be presented and strategies for inducing biomimetic matrix stability will be discussed. Once reconstituted in its final host biomimetic matrix the protein stability also needs to be maintained and controlled. Beta-barrel proteins exemplified by the E. Coli outer membrane channels or small peptides are inherently more stable than alpha-helical bundle proteins which may require additional stabilizing modifications. The challenges associated with insertion and stabilization of alpha-helical bundle proteins including many carriers and ligand and voltage gated ion (and water) channels will be discussed and exemplified using the aquaporin protein. Many biomimetic membrane applications require that the final device can be used in the macroscopic realm. Thus a biomimetic separation device must have the ability to process hundred of liters of permeate in hours – effectively demanding square-meter size membranes. Scalability is a general issue for all nano-inspired technology developments and will be addressed here in the context biomimetic membrane array fabrication. Finally a robust working biomimetic device based on membrane transport must be encapsulated and protected yet allowing massive transport though the encapsulation material. This challenge will be discussed using microfluidic design strategies as examples of how to use microfluidic systems to create and encapsulate biomimetic membranes. The book provides an overview of what is known in the field, where additional research is needed, and where the field is heading.

Download or read book Biomimetic Membranes for Sensor and Separation Applications written by Claus Hélix-Nielsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the possibilities and challenges in mimicking biological membranes and creating membrane-based sensor and separation devices. Recent advances in developing biomimetic membranes for technological applications will be presented with focus on the use of integral membrane protein mediated transport for sensing and separation. It describes the fundamentals of biosensing as well as separation and shows how the two processes are working in a cooperative manner in biological systems. Biomimetics is a truly cross-disciplinary approach and this is exemplified using the process of forward osmosis will be presented as an illustration of how advances in membrane technology may be directly stimulated by an increased understanding of biological membrane transport. In the development of a biomimetic sensor/separation technology, both channels (ion and water channels) and carriers (transporters) are important. An ideal sensor/separation device requires the supporting biomimetic matrix to be virtually impermeable to anything but the solute in question. In practice, however, a biomimetic support matrix will generally have finite permeabilities to water, electrolytes, and non-electrolytes. These non-protein mediated membrane transport contributions will be presented and the implications for biomimetic device construction will be discussed. New developments in our understanding of the reciprocal coupling between the material properties of the biomimetic matrix and the embedded proteins will be presented and strategies for inducing biomimetic matrix stability will be discussed. Once reconstituted in its final host biomimetic matrix the protein stability also needs to be maintained and controlled. Beta-barrel proteins exemplified by the E. Coli outer membrane channels or small peptides are inherently more stable than alpha-helical bundle proteins which may require additional stabilizing modifications. The challenges associated with insertion and stabilization of alpha-helical bundle proteins including many carriers and ligand and voltage gated ion (and water) channels will be discussed and exemplified using the aquaporin protein. Many biomimetic membrane applications require that the final device can be used in the macroscopic realm. Thus a biomimetic separation device must have the ability to process hundred of liters of permeate in hours – effectively demanding square-meter size membranes. Scalability is a general issue for all nano-inspired technology developments and will be addressed here in the context biomimetic membrane array fabrication. Finally a robust working biomimetic device based on membrane transport must be encapsulated and protected yet allowing massive transport though the encapsulation material. This challenge will be discussed using microfluidic design strategies as examples of how to use microfluidic systems to create and encapsulate biomimetic membranes. The book provides an overview of what is known in the field, where additional research is needed, and where the field is heading.

Download or read book Microfluidic Devices for Investigation of Biomimetic Membranes for Sensor and Separation Applications written by Kamila Pszon-Bartosz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology written by Amira Abdelrasoul and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomimetic and bioinspired membranes are the most promising type of membrane for multiple usage scenarios, including commercial separation applications as well as water and wastewater treatment technologies. In recent years, aquaporin biomimetic membranes (ABMs) for water purification have raised considerable interest. These membranes display uniquely favorable properties and outstanding performances, such as diverse interactions, varied selective transport mechanisms, superior stability, high resistance to membrane fouling, and distinct adaptability. Biomimetic membranes would make a significant contribution to alleviate water stress, environmental threats, and energy consumption.

Download or read book Biomimetic Lipid Membranes Fundamentals Applications and Commercialization written by Fatma N. Kök and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles the fundamentals, applications and viable product strategies of biomimetic lipid membranes into a single, comprehensive source. It broadens its perspective to interdisciplinary realms incorporating medicine, biology, physics, chemistry, materials science, as well as engineering and pharmacy at large. The book guides readers from membrane structure and models to biophysical chemistry and functionalization of membrane surfaces. It then takes the reader through a myriad of surface-sensitive techniques before delving into cutting-edge applications that could help inspire new research directions. With more than half the world's drugs and various toxins targeting these crucial structures, the book addresses a topic of major importance in the field of medicine, particularly biosensor design, diagnostic tool development, vaccine formulation, micro/nano-array systems, and drug screening/development. Provides fundamental knowledge on biomimetic lipid membranes; Addresses some of biomimetic membrane types, preparation methods, properties and characterization techniques; Explains state-of-art technological developments that incorporate microfluidic systems, array technologies, lab-on-a-chip-tools, biosensing, and bioprinting techniques; Describes the integration of biomimetic membranes with current top-notch tools and platforms; Examines applications in medicine, pharmaceutical industry, and environmental monitoring.

Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes written by Mihir Kumar Purkait and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes: Smart Polymeric Membranes explains the fundamentals and advances in topics relating to the field of membrane science. It elaborately explains concepts relating to stimuli responsive membranes, with special importance given down to minute details. Material selection, preparation, characterization and applications of various stimuli responsive membranes are extensively addressed, and their relevance (including examples) is included. The book covers history and development, merits and demerits, mechanisms of transport and fouling, applicability of membranes to various diverse areas, and preparation and characterization techniques of membranes. Next, the concept of fouling and its remedial actions is discussed. Finally, promising fields of research in the membrane science and future perspectives of membrane science field are explored. Provides basic and advanced knowledge of smart membranes, considering their morphological, physicochemical and separation characteristics Written in a clear and lucid style, keeping a diverse audience in mind Based on the state-of-art research of the authors

Download or read book Analysis of Biomimetic Block Copolymer Membranes Used for Protein Incorporation written by Allen Schantz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integral membrane proteins carry out a vast range of transport, catalytic, signaling, and other functions with high reactivity and specificity. These proteins and synthetic mimics thereof are now widely studied for applications relevant to chemical engineers, such as membrane separations, catalysis, and sensors. These proteins structural stability depends on a network of hydrogen bonds maintained in the amphiphilic environment provided by the cell membrane but disrupted in solution. Thus, to apply these proteins in medicine and industry, we must design and optimize biomimetic membranes self assembled amphiphilic structures that serve as matrices to mimic the cell membrane and stabilize integral membrane proteins. Amphiphilic block copolymers recapitulate the self-assembled microstructures formed by lipids and surfactants used to stabilize membrane proteins, but have greater mechanical and chemical stability than these small amphiphiles. Further, membrane properties relevant to protein incorporation, such as thickness and hydrophobicity, can be adjusted by changing the degree of polymerization and monomer identities, making block copolymers an excellent material for biomimetic membrane design.The goal of my dissertation research was to better understand biomimetic membranes structure, synthesis, and interactions with proteins. The introduction provides a brief overview of biomimetic membranes, including the block copolymer membrane properties, membrane synthesis, and the interactions between the protein and matrix that can be tailored to optimize protein incorporation and stability. The first chapter describes time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering experiments used to examine the mechanism of membrane self-assembly via detergent dialysis. We show that mixed detergent/polymer micelle fragmentation and fusion control the rate of polymer exchange, and thus the formation of mixed polymer/protein/detergent aggregates that form membranes as detergent is removed. In the second chapter, we use molecular dynamics simulations to examine the nanoscale structure of biomimetic membranes formed from poly(1,2-butadiene)-poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(ethyl ethylene)-poly(ethylene oxide). These simulations allow us to examine membrane thickness and hydration, two properties relevant to protein incorporation. The third chapter examines whether we could synthesize biomimetic membranes from mass-produced Pluronic block copolymers. We show that a mixture of two such polymers, L121 and F127, can assemble into porous vesicles, so that they can be used for separations and as catalytic microreactors. The fourth chapter examines interactions that lead to bacterial membrane fusion by the cationic antimicrobial peptide from Moringa oleifera. This work provides a control for future work to examine the interactions between biomimetic membranes and incorporated proteins using coarse-grained molecular dynamics. Finally, the appendices provide supporting information for each chapter, as well as a report on the design requirements for high-pressure reverse osmosis, a potential application for biomimetic membranes.

Download or read book Advances in Biomimetics written by Anne George and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-04-26 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction between cells, tissues and biomaterial surfaces are the highlights of the book "Advances in Biomimetics". In this regard the effect of nanostructures and nanotopographies and their effect on the development of a new generation of biomaterials including advanced multifunctional scaffolds for tissue engineering are discussed. The 2 volumes contain articles that cover a wide spectrum of subject matter such as different aspects of the development of scaffolds and coatings with enhanced performance and bioactivity, including investigations of material surface-cell interactions.

Download or read book Bioinspired Smell and Taste Sensors written by Ping Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-03 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​This book discusses the field of bioinspired smell and taste sensors which includes many new areas: sensitive materials, physiological modelling and simulation, and more. Similar to biological chemical sensing systems, bioinspired smell and taste sensors are characterized with fast responsive, high specificity and sensitivity. One of the most important parts of the field is that of sensitive elements originated from biological components, which enable the detection of chemical signals by mimicking the biological mechanisms. This book detailed describes processing, devices, recognition principles of sensitive materials, and concrete realizations. It is written for researchers, engineers and biologists who engages in interdisciplinary research and applications. Dr. Ping Wang is a professor at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Dr. Qingjun Liu is a professor at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Dr. Chunsheng Wu is an associated professor at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Dr. K. Jimmy Hsia is a professor at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA.

Download or read book Novel Membrane Technologies for Traditional Industrial Processes written by Pei Li and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through reading this book, you will obtain information on: (1) the main problems in air separation and natural gas treatment by membrane separation and how to solve them; (2) processes involving membranes and new membrane materials for the more economical utilization of bio-resources; (3) energy selection and membrane development for more expedient and stable harnessing of the natural osmosis phenomenon; (4) many excellent contributions about catalytic membrane bioreactors; (5) how to fine-tune the arrangement of aquaporins (i.e., proteins identified in biological cells) to achieve superior water treatment efficiency.

Download or read book Biomimetic Membranes as New Materials for Applications in Envrionmental Engineering and Biology written by Manish Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological water channel proteins, called aquaporins, provide selective and rapid transport of water across cell membranes. They utilize an elegant mechanism distinct from and more efficient than that used in commercial solute separation polymeric membranes such as Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes. In this work, the bacterial Aquaporin (AqpZ) was functionally incorporated into synthetic biomimetic polymer vesicles. Using stopped flow light scattering, the permeability of such systems was determined to be up to two orders of magnitude higher than current RO membranes, revealing the potential of this approach. A templating procedure was then used to make flat membrane films with a high density of AqpZ. The sizes of these films are small (~500 nm) and more research needs to be performed to scale up this process. However, this method led to creation of flat 2D or thin 3D crystals of AqpZ in a polymer matrix as confirmed by electron diffraction. This indicates that the packing efficiency of these polymer-based systems is extremely high. Additionally, such crystals have the potential to allow for structural reconstruction of the incorporated aquaporins. This procedure can thus provide fundamental knowledge regarding the conformation of membrane proteins in block copolymers and help in design of functional protein-polymer hybrid materials. This work also led to the serendipitous discovery of AqpZ gating (reversible closure) at low pH values when incorporated into triblock copolymer vesicles. This gating is also present in bacteria and has relevance for bacterial survival under acid and osmotic shock. An overall scheme of osmoregulation and acidic shock survival utilizing coordinated activation and gating of membrane proteins is proposed. Several research ideas resulted from this work and are currently being pursued. This includes determination of insertion efficiency of membrane proteins in block copolymers, the use of block copolymer membranes for studying gas transport in membrane proteins, block copolymer vesicles with encapsulated perchlorate degrading enzymes for water treatment, and carbon capture using active CO2 transporters inserted into block copolymer membranes. Overall, this work has demonstrated the promise of using hybrid protein-polymer systems for environmental engineering applications. In particular its applicability to synthetic desalination membranes is most promising and relevant. The basic approach used here may be applied to any separation for which a specific transport protein is available or could be engineered. My work has also contributed to understanding the properties of aquaporins, in particular AqpZ and its possible role in microbial physiology. Finally, recent successes in immobilizing protein molecules and in synthesizing 2D crystals of membrane proteins may provide an excellent way to answer fundamental questions regarding the structure and function of these membrane proteins in block copolymers. In broad terms, this work has shown that biology provides excellent paradigms for engineering materials and processes that are efficient and sustainable and that this 0́−reverse engineering0́+ approach can enrich our understanding of underlying biological phenomena

Download or read book Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-29 with total page 2785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Introduction: Nanotechnology and its underpinning sciences are progressing with unprecedented rapidity. With technical advances in a variety of nanoscale fabrication and manipulation technologies, the whole topical area is maturing into a vibrant field that is generating new scientific research and a burgeoning range of commercial applications, with an annual market already at the trillion dollar threshold. The means of fabricating and controlling matter on the nanoscale afford striking and unprecedented opportunities to exploit a variety of exotic phenomena such as quantum, nanophotonic and nanoelectromechanical effects. Moreover, researchers are elucidating new perspectives on the electronic and optical properties of matter because of the way that nanoscale materials bridge the disparate theories describing molecules and bulk matter. Surface phenomena also gain a greatly increased significance; even the well-known link between chemical reactivity and surface-to-volume ratio becomes a major determinant of physical properties, when it operates over nanoscale dimensions. Against this background, this comprehensive work is designed to address the need for a dynamic, authoritative and readily accessible source of information, capturing the full breadth of the subject. Its six volumes, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including material sciences, chemistry, physics and life sciences, have been written and edited by an outstanding team of international experts. Addressing an extensive, cross-disciplinary audience, each chapter aims to cover key developments in a scholarly, readable and critical style, providing an indispensible first point of entry to the literature for scientists and technologists from interdisciplinary fields. The work focuses on the major classes of nanomaterials in terms of their synthesis, structure and applications, reviewing nanomaterials and their respective technologies in well-structured and comprehensive articles with extensive cross-references. It has been a constant surprise and delight to have found, amongst the rapidly escalating number who work in nanoscience and technology, so many highly esteemed authors willing to contribute. Sharing our anticipation of a major addition to the literature, they have also captured the excitement of the field itself in each carefully crafted chapter. Along with our painstaking and meticulous volume editors, full credit for the success of this enterprise must go to these individuals, together with our thanks for (largely) adhering to the given deadlines. Lastly, we record our sincere thanks and appreciation for the skills and professionalism of the numerous Elsevier staff who have been involved in this project, notably Fiona Geraghty, Megan Palmer and Greg Harris, and especially Donna De Weerd-Wilson who has steered it through from its inception. We have greatly enjoyed working with them all, as we have with each other.

Download or read book Physicochemical Mechanics written by Nikolai Kocherginsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-12-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physicochemical mechanics is a self-contained theoretical framework that can be used to study and model physicochemical processes, based on well-known concepts taken from classical mechanics. This intuitive approach exploits the principles of Newtonian mechanics alongside Einstein's theory of Brownian motion in order to accurately describe complex biochemical systems, and can be used to model a broad range of phenomena including thermodiffusion, transmembrane transport and protein folding. The book begins by presenting the basic principles of classical mechanics and thermodynamics, before introducing the two new postulates of physicochemical mechanics. It is shown that these foundational concepts can be applied to systematically describe all major mass transport and equilibrium equations, and many practical applications of the theory are discussed. This text will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in biological physics, biochemistry and chemical engineering, and a useful resource for researchers seeking an introduction to this modern theoretical approach.

Download or read book Emerging Techniques for Food Processing and Preservation written by Swati Kapoor and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for safe and healthy foods by consumers has increased the interest in developing new food processing techniques over the past decades. Emerging technologies and techniques are not just working to increase the shelf life of food but are also functioning to maintain the same quality of the food that makes it desirable in the first place. Emerging Techniques for Food Processing and Preservation is an essential guide for professionals and researchers in the food industry who seek to stay updated on the latest advancements in food processing and preservation techniques. This comprehensive book explores cutting-edge technologies that can enhance the quality and safety of food products while also improving their shelf life. With contributions from leading experts in the field, this book covers a wide range of topics, including Electrodialysis, Refractance Window Technology, Cold Plasma, Bio Speckle Laser Technique, Nanofluids, and many others. Each chapter includes detailed explanations of the principles behind these emerging techniques, as well as case studies that demonstrate their practical applications. In this book, readers will gain insights into the principles behind these emerging techniques, their advantages and limitations, and the practical applications in various food products. Whether you are a food scientist, engineer, or a food industry professional, this book will help you stay at the forefront of the rapidly evolving landscape of food processing and preservation.

Download or read book Nanotechnology for Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-07-14 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid development of nanoscience enables a technology revolution that will soon impact virtually every facet of the water sector. Yet, there is still too little understanding of what nanoscience and nanotechnology is, what can it do and whether to fear it or not, even among the educated public as well as scientists and engineers from other disciplines. Despite the numerous books and textbooks available on the subject, there is a gap in the literature that bridges the space between the synthesis (conventional and more greener methods) and use (applications in the drinking water production, wastewater treatment and environmental remediation fields) of nanotechnology on the one hand and its potential environmental implications (fate and transport of nanomaterials, toxicity, Life Cycle Assessments) on the other. Nanotechnology for Water and Wastewater Treatment explores these topics with a broad-based multidisciplinary scope and can be used by engineers and scientists outside the field and by students at both undergraduate and post graduate level.

Download or read book MIPs and Their Roles in the Exchange of Metalloids written by Thomas P. Jahn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sixteen years have passed since human aquaporin-1 (AQP1) was discovered as the first water channel, facilitating trans-membrane water fluxes. Subsequent years of research showed that the water channel AQP1 was only the tip of an iceberg; the iceberg itself being the ubiquitous super family of membrane intrinsic proteins (MIPs) that facilitate trans-membrane transport of water and an increasing number of small, water-soluble and uncharged compounds. Here we introduce you to the superfamily of MIPs and provide a summary about our gradually refined understanding of the phylogenetic relationship of its members. This volume is dedicated to the metalloids, a recently discovered group of substrates for a number of specific MIPs in a diverse spectrum of organisms. Particular focus is given to the essential boron, the beneficial silicon and the highly toxic arsenic. The respective MIP isoforms that facilitate the transport of these metalloids include members from several clades of the phylogenetic tree, suggesting that metalloid transport is an ancient function within this family of channel proteins. Among all the various substrates that have been shown to be transported by MIPs, metalloids take an outstanding position. While water transport seems to be a common function of many MIPs, single isoforms in plants have been identified as being crucially important for the uptake of boric acid as well as silicic acid. Here, the function seems not to be redundant, as mutations in those genes render plants deficient in boron and silicon, respectively.

Download or read book Desalination Sustainability written by Hassan Arafat and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-06-09 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desalination Sustainability: A Technical, Socioeconomic, and Environmental Approach presents a technical, socioeconomical, and environmental approach that guides researchers and technology developers on how to quantify the energy efficiency of a proposed desalination process using thermodynamics-based tools. The book offers the technical reader an understanding of the issues related to desalination sustainability. For example, technology users, such as public utility managers will gain the ability and tools to assess whether or not desalination is a good choice for a city or country. Readers will learn new insights on a clear and practical methodology on how to probe the economic feasibility of desalination using simple and effective tools, such as levelized cost of water (LCOW) calculation. Decision-makers will find this book to be a valuable resource for the preliminary assessment of whether renewable-powered desalination is a good choice for their particular setting. Presents the issues related to desalination sustainability Guides researchers and technology developers on how to quantify the energy efficiency of a proposed desalination process using thermodynamics-based tools Outlines a clear and practical methodology on how to probe the economic feasibility of desalination using simple and effective tools Provides a roadmap for decision-makers on the applicability of a desalination process at a particular setting