Download or read book Biology Integrating Scientific Fundamentals written by Brigitte Hoppe and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Scott Lidgard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals are things that everybody knows—or thinks they do. Yet even scholars who practice or analyze the biological sciences often cannot agree on what an individual is and why. One reason for this disagreement is that the many important biological individuality concepts serve very different purposes—defining, classifying, or explaining living structure, function, interaction, persistence, or evolution. Indeed, as the contributors to Biological Individuality reveal, nature is too messy for simple definitions of this concept, organisms too quirky in the diverse ways they reproduce, function, and interact, and human ideas about individuality too fraught with philosophical and historical meaning. Bringing together biologists, historians, and philosophers, this book provides a multifaceted exploration of biological individuality that identifies leading and less familiar perceptions of individuality both past and present, what they are good for, and in what contexts. Biological practice and theory recognize individuals at myriad levels of organization, from genes to organisms to symbiotic systems. We depend on these notions of individuality to address theoretical questions about multilevel natural selection and Darwinian fitness; to illuminate empirical questions about development, function, and ecology; to ground philosophical questions about the nature of organisms and causation; and to probe historical and cultural circumstances that resonate with parallel questions about the nature of society. Charting an interdisciplinary research agenda that broadens the frameworks in which biological individuality is discussed, this book makes clear that in the realm of the individual, there is not and should not be a direct path from biological paradigms based on model organisms through to philosophical generalization and historical reification.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Microbiome Science written by Angela E. Douglas and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book provides an accessible and authoritative guide to the fundamental principles of microbiome science, an exciting and fast-emerging new discipline that is reshaping many aspects of the life sciences. Resident microbes in healthy animals--including humans--can dictate many traits of the animal host. This animal microbiome is a second immune system conferring protection against pathogens; it can structure host metabolism in animals as diverse as reef corals and hibernating mammals; and it may influence animal behavior, from social recognition to emotional states. These microbial partners can also drive ecologically important traits, from thermal tolerance to diet, and have contributed to animal diversification over long evolutionary timescales"--Publisher by publisher.
Download or read book Integrating Scientific Disciplines written by William Bechtel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interdisciplinary research has been a popular idea with many people in the last 20 years. Academic administrators have admonished their faculty to become more interdisciplinary. Students often request the chance to pursue an interdisciplinary degree. While the issue of managing interdisciplinary projects has received a fair amount of attention by those interested in science management, interdisciplinary research has received little attention from historians, philosophers or sociologists of science or from scientists themselves. Yet, there l;lre a number of cases within the life sciences where researchers have been actively engaged in endeavors that take them across disciplinary boundaries. These are ripe for investigation by those interested in the process of science. To provide an in-depth study of some historical or contemporary cases of cross disciplinary research activity in the life sciences, a conference was held at Georgia State University in May, 1984. This conference was supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities (U. S. A. ) through their research conference program. Over a three-day period historians, philosophers, and researchers who were actively engaged in various of the life sciences discussed specific examples of interdisciplinary research and tried to analyze what was needed for successful crossing of disciplinary boundaries. After the conference, each of the participants revised their original presentations, partly in light of the discussion at the conference. The papers in this volume are the fruits of that endeavor.
Download or read book Rules and Exceptions in Biology from Fundamental Concepts to Applications written by Alfredo V. Peretti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Explaining Photosynthesis written by Kärin Nickelsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recounting the compelling story of a scientific discovery that took more than a century to complete, this trail-blazing monograph focuses on methodological issues and is the first to delve into this subject. This book charts how the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms of photosynthesis were teased out by succeeding generations of scientists, and the author highlights the reconstruction of the heuristics of modelling the mechanism—analyzed at both individual and collective levels. Photosynthesis makes for an instructive example. The first tentative ideas were developed by organic chemists around 1840, while by 1960 an elaborate proposal at a molecular level, for both light and dark reactions, was established. The latter is still assumed to be basically correct today. The author makes a persuasive case for a historically informed philosophy of science, especially regarding methodology, and advocates a history of science whose narrative deploys philosophical approaches and categories. She shows how scientists’ attempts to formulate, justify, modify, confirm or criticize their models are best interpreted as series of coordinated research actions, dependent on a network of super- and subordinated epistemic goals, and guided by recurrent heuristic strategies. With dedicated chapters on key figures such as Otto Warburg, who borrowed epistemic fundamentals from other disciplines to facilitate his own work on photosynthesis, and on more general topics relating to the development of the field after Warburg, this new work is both a philosophical reflection on the nature of scientific enquiry and a detailed history of the processes behind one of science’s most important discoveries.
Download or read book Reader s Guide to the History of Science written by Arne Hessenbruch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.
Download or read book A New Biology for the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now more than ever, biology has the potential to contribute practical solutions to many of the major challenges confronting the United States and the world. A New Biology for the 21st Century recommends that a "New Biology" approach-one that depends on greater integration within biology, and closer collaboration with physical, computational, and earth scientists, mathematicians and engineers-be used to find solutions to four key societal needs: sustainable food production, ecosystem restoration, optimized biofuel production, and improvement in human health. The approach calls for a coordinated effort to leverage resources across the federal, private, and academic sectors to help meet challenges and improve the return on life science research in general.
Download or read book Membranes to Molecular Machines written by Mathias Grote and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's science tells us that our bodies are filled with molecular machinery that orchestrates all sorts of life processes. When we think, microscopic "channels" open and close in our brain cell membranes; when we run, tiny "motors" spin in our muscle cell membranes; and when we see, light operates "molecular switches" in our eyes and nerves. A molecular-mechanical vision of life has become commonplace in both the halls of philosophy and the offices of drug companies, where researchers are developing “proton pump inhibitors” or medicines similar to Prozac. Membranes to Molecular Machines explores just how late twentieth-century science came to think of our cells and bodies this way. This story is told through the lens of membrane research, an unwritten history at the crossroads of molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and the neurosciences, that directly feeds into today's synthetic biology as well as nano- and biotechnology. Mathias Grote shows how these sciences not only have made us think differently about life, they have, by reworking what membranes and proteins represent in laboratories, allowed us to manipulate life as "active matter" in new ways. Covering the science of biological membranes in the United States and Europe from the mid-1960s to the 1990s, this book connects that history to contemporary work with optogenetics, a method for stimulating individual neurons using light, and will enlighten and provoke anyone interested in the intersection of chemical research and the life sciences—from practitioner to historian to philosopher. The research described in the book and its central actor, Dieter Oesterhelt, were honored with the 2021 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for his contribution to the development of optogenetics.
Download or read book The Maximum Quantum Yield Controversy written by Kärin Nickelsen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whoever turns to the history of photosynthesis research in the twentieth century is soon confronted with the fact that one of its most exciting periods, the years from 1920 to 1960, was in large part overshadowed by a bitter controversy in which many of the leading scientists in the field were involved. It centered on the question, how efficient the process of photosynthesis was. This book attempts a reconstruction of the course of the controversy, based on previously unknown archival sources, and analyzes the arguments brought forward by the two parties.
Download or read book Helmholtz written by David Cahan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hermann von Helmholtz was a towering figure of nineteenth-century scientific and intellectual life. Best known for his achievements in physiology and physics, he also contributed to other disciplines such as ophthalmology, psychology, mathematics, chemical thermodynamics, and meteorology. With Helmholtz: A Life in Science, David Cahan has written a definitive biography, one that brings to light the dynamic relationship between Helmholtz’s private life, his professional pursuits, and the larger world in which he lived. ? Utilizing all of Helmholtz’s scientific and philosophical writings, as well as previously unknown letters, this book reveals the forces that drove his life—a passion to unite the sciences, vigilant attention to the sources and methods of knowledge, and a deep appreciation of the ways in which the arts and sciences could benefit each other. By placing the overall structure and development of his scientific work and philosophy within the greater context of nineteenth-century Germany, Helmholtz also serves as cultural biography of the construction of the scientific community: its laboratories, institutes, journals, disciplinary organizations, and national and international meetings. Helmholtz’s life is a shining example of what can happen when the sciences and the humanities become interwoven in the life of one highly motivated, energetic, and gifted person.
Download or read book Arts written by Maria Burguete and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats arts as part of science, from the unified perspective of Science Matters. It contains 17 chapters, with 18 contributors who are prominent humanists, professional artists, or scientists. It consists of three parts: Part I: Philosophy and History of Arts; Part II: Arts in Action; Part III: Understanding Arts. The book is aimed at both research scholars and lay people, and is unique in two important aspects. It is probably the first and only book that academic professionals and practicing artists contribute to the same book, as equals, on the common theme of creating and understanding arts. (Artists here include Cristina Leiria whose huge Kun Iam (Goddess of Mercy) sculpture is an important landmark in Macau, and the famous movie director, Hark Tsui, who is publishing his first ever article on movie-making). Perhaps more importantly, a new understanding of the origin and nature of art is offered for the first time, which is more convincing than all the other hypotheses put forth in the last two thousand years.
Download or read book BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS AND SYSTEMATICS Volume IV written by Alessandro Minelli and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-11-10 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Science Fundamentals and Systematics is a component of Encyclopedia of Biological, Physiological and Health Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Biological Science Fundamentals and Systematics provides the essential aspects and a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: History and Scope of Biological Sciences; The Origin and Evolution of Early Life; Evolution; Classification and Diversity of Life Forms; Systematics of Microbial Kingdom (s) and Fungi; Systematic Botany; Systematic Zoology: Invertebrates; Systematic Zoology: Vertebrates which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Download or read book Reintroduction Biology written by John G. Ewen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-30 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to further advance the field of reintroduction biology beyond the considerable progress made since the formation of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group. Using an issue-based framework that purposely avoids a structure based on case studies the book's central theme is advocating a strategic approach to reintroduction where all actions are guided by explicit theoretical frameworks based on clearly defined objectives. Issues covered include husbandry and intensive management, monitoring, and genetic and health management. Although taxonomically neutral there is a recognised dominance of bird and mammal studies that reflects the published research in this field. The structure and content are designed for use by people wanting to bridge the research-management gap, such as conservation managers wanting to expand their thinking about reintroduction-related decisions, or researchers who seek to make useful applied contributions to reintroduction.
Download or read book Exploring Integrated Science written by Belal E. Baaquie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is rubber elastic? Why are leaves green? Why can a gecko climb a wall? Answering these and a myriad of other puzzles of nature, Exploring Integrated Science shows how the simplest questions that arise from our daily experiences can lead us through a chain of reasoning that explains some of the most fascinating principles of science.Written in a
Download or read book BionanoPrint Integrated Science for the Future written by Edenilson Brandl and published by Edenilson Brandl. This book was released on with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is with great satisfaction that I present to you, dear reader, the book "BionanoPrint: Integrated Science for the Future". This work represents a fascinating journey through the intersection of biotechnology, nanotechnology and 3D printing, areas that have driven a scientific and technological revolution of extraordinary proportions. As we delve into the 21st century, we are witnessing unprecedented advances in the field of science. Breakthrough discoveries and game-changing technologies are shaping our world in ways that were once considered unimaginable. Biotechnology, nanotechnology and 3D printing are at the forefront of this transformation, offering solutions and possibilities that transcend the limits of conventional knowledge. In this book, we bring together a team of experts passionate about their respective areas of research to explore the foundations and applications of these interdisciplinary sciences. Throughout its chapters, you'll find a rich source of information that will guide you from the basic concepts to the more advanced frontiers of these fields of study. We'll start with an introduction to biotechnology, unraveling the essential principles and surprising applications that this discipline offers. Then we'll delve into the history of nanotechnology, where we'll discover how the tiny structures shaped by scientists are redefining the limits of the possible. We'll continue the exploration with an in-depth look at the fundamentals of 3D printing, revealing how this technology is reshaping the production and creation of complex three-dimensional objects. You'll discover how 3D bioprinting can even challenge the frontiers of medicine, enabling the fabrication of complex tissues and organs. As we move forward, we will enter the worlds of molecular biotechnology, protein and enzyme engineering, and metabolic engineering, revealing the powerful tools being developed to modify and manipulate life on microscopic scales. In addition, we will explore the properties and applications of nanomaterials, investigate environmental and sustainable biotechnology, and discuss the implications of nanotechnologies in medicine, the agricultural and food industry, as well as various industrial sectors. Throughout each chapter, you'll be taken on a journey filled with scientific discoveries, inspiring case studies, and real-world applications that are shaping our future. Our aim is to provide a broad and up-to-date overview of these rapidly growing areas, with the aim of stimulating curiosity, inspiring creativity and encouraging collaboration between scientists, researchers and innovators. As you close this book, we hope you will feel enriched with valuable knowledge and be motivated to become even more involved with advances in science and technology. May this work serve as a reliable and inspiring guide for all those who wish to explore the frontiers of scientific knowledge and play an active role in building a better future. I thank all the authors and contributors who made the creation of this book possible, and I sincerely hope that it will be as much a source of inspiration and insight for you as it was for us during the writing process. Welcome to the world of biotechnology, nanotechnology and 3D printing. Get ready to dive into an exciting journey into the future.
Download or read book Complementarity Duality and Symmetry in Nonlinear Mechanics written by David Yang Gao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-08 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complementarity, duality, and symmetry are closely related concepts, and have always been a rich source of inspiration in human understanding through the centuries, particularly in mathematics and science. The Proceedings of IUTAM Symposium on Complementarity, Duality, and Symmetry in Nonlinear Mechanics brings together some of world's leading researchers in both mathematics and mechanics to provide an interdisciplinary but engineering flavoured exploration of the field's foundation and state of the art developments. Topics addressed in this book deal with fundamental theory, methods, and applications of complementarity, duality and symmetry in multidisciplinary fields of nonlinear mechanics, including nonconvex and nonsmooth elasticity, dynamics, phase transitions, plastic limit and shakedown analysis of hardening materials and structures, bifurcation analysis, entropy optimization, free boundary value problems, minimax theory, fluid mechanics, periodic soliton resonance, constrained mechanical systems, finite element methods and computational mechanics. A special invited paper presented important research opportunities and challenges of the theoretical and applied mechanics as well as engineering materials in the exciting information age. Audience: This book is addressed to all scientists, physicists, engineers and mathematicians, as well as advanced students (doctoral and post-doctoral level) at universities and in industry.
