Download or read book Biology and the Mechanics of the Wave Swept Environment written by Mark Denny and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text introduces and draws together pertinent aspects of fluid dynamics, physical oceanography, solid mechanics, and organismal biology to provide a much-needed set of tools for quantitatively examining the biological effects of ocean waves. "Nowhere on earth does water move as violently as on wave-swept coasts," writes the author, "and every breaker that comes pounding on the shore places large hydrodynamic forces on the organisms resident there." Yet wave-swept coral reefs and rocky shores are home to some of the world's most diverse assemblages of plants and animals, and scientists have chosen these environments to carry out much of the recent experimental work in community structure and population dynamics. Until now these studies have been hampered because biologists often lack a working understanding of the mechanics of the wave-swept shore. Mark Denny here supplies that understanding in clear and vivid language. Included are an introduction to wave-induced water motions and the standard theories for describing them, a broad introduction to the hydrodynamic forces these water movements place on plants and animals, and an explanation of how organisms respond to these forces. These tools are put to use in the final chapters in an examination of the mechanisms of "wave exposure" and an exploration of the mechanical determinants of size and shape in wave-swept environments. Originally published in 1988. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Download or read book Biology and the Mechanics of the Wave swept Environment written by Mark W. Denny and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text introduces and draws together pertinent aspects of fluid dynamics, physical oceanography, solid mechanics, and organismal biology to provide a much-needed set of tools for quantitatively examining the biological effects of ocean waves. "Nowhere on earth does water move as violently as on wave-swept coasts," writes the author, "and every breaker that comes pounding on the shore places large hydrodynamic forces on the organisms resident there." Yet wave-swept coral reefs and rocky shores are home to some of the world's most diverse assemblages of plants and animals, and scientists have chosen these environments to carry out much of the recent experimental work in community structure and population dynamics. Until now these studies have been hampered because biologists often lack a working understanding of the mechanics of the wave-swept shore. Mark Denny here supplies that understanding in clear and vivid language. Included are an introduction to wave-induced water motions and the standard theories for describing them, a broad introduction to the hydrodynamic forces these water movements place on plants and animals, and an explanation of how organisms respond to these forces. These tools are put to use in the final chapters in an examination of the mechanisms of "wave exposure" and an exploration of the mechanical determinants of size and shape in wave-swept environments. Originally published in 1988. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Download or read book Life in Moving Fluids written by Steven Vogel and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1996-04-21 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses the applications of fluid mechanics to biology. It provides coverage of the field since the 1980s, with details of literature. It includes sections on jet propulsion, biological pumps, swimming, blood flow, and accelerations reaction and Murray's law.

Download or read book Wave Swept Shore written by Mimi Koehl and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2006-03-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wave-Swept Shore is a spectacular integration of superb nature photography synthesized into a brilliantly lucid explanation of difficult science. This book belongs on the shelf of anybody interested in the seashore."—Paul K. Dayton, recipient of the George Mercer and William S. Cooper Awards from the Ecological Society of America and the E. O. Wilson Naturalist Award from the American Society of Naturalists "Wave-Swept Shore wonderfully combines science and art, providing the reader with an accessible understanding of the incredibly complex coastal ecosystem. In the spirit of Rachel Carson, this book opens our eyes to the wonders of this harsh environment. Anne Wertheim Rosenfeld's photographs are simply beautiful, and at the same time, they describe the shoreline in rich detail. Her images elegantly portray both the art and science of her subjects."—William Neill, author of Landscapes of the Spirit and Traces of Time and Yosemite: The Promise of Wildness "Wave-Swept Shore allows the non-specialist to interpret and appreciate life in the remarkable rocky shore habitats of western North America and beyond. Koehl deftly explains how the animals and plants cope with this extreme environment while Rosenfeld illustrates the striking forms and patterns that result. Anyone who enjoys the seashore will enjoy this book; some may even plan to visit the beach because of it."—Richard Strathmann, Professor of Biology, University of Washington

Download or read book Ecological Mechanics written by Mark Denny and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth exploration of how biomechanics and ecology work together Plants and animals interact with each other and their surroundings, and these interactions—with all their complexity and contingency—control where species can survive and reproduce. In this comprehensive and groundbreaking introduction to the emerging field of ecological mechanics, Mark Denny explains how the principles of physics and engineering can be used to understand the intricacies of these remarkable relationships. Denny opens with a brief review of basic physics before introducing the fundamentals of diffusion, fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, and heat transfer, taking care to explain each in the context of living organisms. Why are corals of different shapes on different parts of a reef? How can geckos climb sheer walls? Why can birds and fish migrate farther than mammals? How do desert plants stay cool? The answers to these and a host of similar questions illustrate the principles of heat, mass, and momentum transport and set the stage for the book's central topic—the application of these principles in ecology. Denny shows how variations in the environment—in both space and time—affect the performance of plants and animals. He introduces spectral analysis, a mathematical tool for quantifying the patterns in which environments vary, and uses it to analyze such subjects as the spread of invasive species. Synthesizing the book’s materials, the final chapters use ecological mechanics to predict the occurrence and consequences of extreme ecological events, explain the emergence of patterns in the distribution and abundance of organisms, and empower readers to explore further. Ecological Mechanics offers new insights into the physical workings of organisms and their environment.

Download or read book Comparative Biomechanics written by Steven Vogel and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic textbook on comparative biomechanics—revised and expanded Why do you switch from walking to running at a specific speed? Why do tall trees rarely blow over in high winds? And why does a spore ejected into air at seventy miles per hour travel only a fraction of an inch? Comparative Biomechanics is the first and only textbook that takes a comprehensive look at the mechanical aspects of life—covering animals and plants, structure and movement, and solids and fluids. An ideal entry point into the ways living creatures interact with their immediate physical world, this revised and updated edition examines how the forms and activities of animals and plants reflect the materials available to nature, considers rules for fluid flow and structural design, and explores how organisms contend with environmental forces. Drawing on physics and mechanical engineering, Steven Vogel looks at how animals swim and fly, modes of terrestrial locomotion, organism responses to winds and water currents, circulatory and suspension-feeding systems, and the relationship between size and mechanical design. He also investigates links between the properties of biological materials—such as spider silk, jellyfish jelly, and muscle—and their structural and functional roles. Early chapters and appendices introduce relevant physical variables for quantification, and problem sets are provided at the end of each chapter. Comparative Biomechanics is useful for physical scientists and engineers seeking a guide to state-of-the-art biomechanics. For a wider audience, the textbook establishes the basic biological context for applied areas—including ergonomics, orthopedics, mechanical prosthetics, kinesiology, sports medicine, and biomimetics—and provides materials for exhibit designers at science museums. Problem sets at the ends of chapters Appendices cover basic background information Updated and expanded documentation and materials Revised figures and text Increased coverage of friction, viscoelastic materials, surface tension, diverse modes of locomotion, and biomimetics

Download or read book Nature s Machines written by David E. Alexander and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature’s Machines: An Introduction to Organismal Biomechanics presents the fundamental principles of biomechanics in a concise, accessible way while maintaining necessary rigor. It covers the central principles of whole-organism biomechanics as they apply across the animal and plant kingdoms, featuring brief, tightly-focused coverage that does for biologists what H. M. Frost’s 1967 Introduction to Biomechanics did for physicians. Frequently encountered, basic concepts such as stress and strain, Young’s modulus, force coefficients, viscosity, and Reynolds number are introduced in early chapters in a self-contained format, making them quickly available for learning and as a refresher. More sophisticated, integrative concepts such as viscoelasticity or properties of hydrostats are covered in the later chapters, where they draw on information from multiple earlier sections of the book. Animal and plant biomechanics is now a common research area widely acknowledged by organismal biologists to have broad relevance. Most of the day-to-day activities of an animal involve mechanical processes, and to the extent that organisms are shaped by adaptive evolution, many of those adaptations are constrained and channelized by mechanical properties. The similarity in body shape of a porpoise and a tuna is no coincidence. Many may feel that they have an intuitive understanding of many of the mechanical processes that affect animals and plants, but careful biomechanical analyses often yield counterintuitive results: soft, squishy kelp may be better at withstanding pounding waves during storms than hard-shelled mollusks; really small swimmers might benefit from being spherical rather than streamlined; our bones can operate without breaking for decades, whereas steel surgical implants exhibit fatigue failures in a few months if not fully supported by bone. Offers organismal biologists and biologists in other areas a background in biomechanics to better understand the research literature and to explore the possibility of using biomechanics approaches in their own work Provides an introductory presentation of the everyday mechanical challenges faced by animals and plants Functions as recommended or required reading for advanced undergraduate biology majors taking courses in biomechanics, supplemental reading in a general organismal biology course, or background reading for a biomechanics seminar course

Download or read book Nature written by Geerat Vermeij and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From humans to hermit crabs to deep water plankton, all living things compete for locally limiting resources. This universal truth unites three bodies of thought--economics, evolution, and history--that have developed largely in mutual isolation. Here, Geerat Vermeij undertakes a groundbreaking and provocative exploration of the facts and theories of biology, economics, and geology to show how processes common to all economic systems--competition, cooperation, adaptation, and feedback--govern evolution as surely as they do the human economy, and how historical patterns in both human and nonhuman evolution follow from this principle. Using a wealth of examples of evolutionary innovations, Vermeij argues that evolution and economics are one. Powerful consumers and producers exercise disproportionate controls on the characteristics, activities, and distribution of all life forms. Competition-driven demand by consumers, when coupled with supply-side conditions permitting economic growth, leads to adaptation and escalation among organisms. Although disruptions in production halt or reverse these processes temporarily, they amplify escalation in the long run to produce trends in all economic systems toward greater power, higher production rates, and a wider reach for economic systems and their strongest members. Despite our unprecedented power to shape our surroundings, we humans are subject to all the economic principles and historical trends that emerged at life's origin more than 3 billion years ago. Engagingly written, brilliantly argued, and sweeping in scope, Nature: An Economic History shows that the human institutions most likely to preserve opportunity and adaptability are, after all, built like successful living things.

Download or read book Fish Locomotion written by Paolo Domenici and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish accomplish most of their basic behaviors by swimming. Swimming is fundamental in a vast majority of fish species for avoiding predation, feeding, finding food, mating, migrating and finding optimal physical environments. Fish exhibit a wide variety of swimming patterns and behaviors. This treatise looks at fish swimming from the behavioral and

Download or read book Fluid Mechanics for Marine Ecologists written by Stanislaw R. Massel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Showing marine ecologists, oceanographers and marine engineers how ocean waters interact with, influence and constrain life in the ocean, this package makes the physical processes intelligible to biologists with a modicum of mathematics. Part I of the book examines classical fluid mechanics such as laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layers, and forces induced by flow. Part II deals with large-scale flows, such as waves, large ocean currents, and tides, which are beyond the scope of classic fluid mechanics. In Part III, the link between hydrodynamics of ocean flows and marine ecology is demonstrated by examples of well-established phenomena and processes. The CD-ROM contains 12 ready-to-use computer programs on the calculation, representation and simulation of various processes.

Download or read book Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment written by Sandra E. Shumway and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-08 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment focuses primarily on the issues surrounding environmental sustainability of shellfish aquaculture. The chapters in this book provide readers with the most current data available on topics such as resource enhancement and habitat restoration. Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment is also an invaluable resource for those looking to develop and implement environmental best management practices. Edited one of the world's leading shellfish researchers and with contributions from around the world, Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment is the definitive source of information for this increasingly important topic. View the Executive Summary here: http://seagrant.uconn.edu/publications/aquaculture/execsumm.pdf

Download or read book Seaweed Ecology and Physiology written by Catriona L. Hurd and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthesis of concepts and examples of how physiological processes influence seaweed communities worldwide, authored by experts in the field.

Download or read book Users Guide to Ecohydraulic Modelling and Experimentation written by L. E. Frostick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Users Guide to Ecohydraulic Modelling and Experimentation has been compiled by the interdisciplinary team of expert ecologists, geomorphologists, sedimentologists, hydraulicists and engineers involved in HYDRALAB IV, the European Integrated Infrastructure Initiative on hydraulic experimentation which forms part of the European Community‘s Seventh F

Download or read book Functional Morphology and Diversity written by Les Watling and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crustaceans are increasingly used as model organisms in all fields of biology, including neurobiology, developmental biology, animal physiology, evolutionary ecology, biogeography, and resource management. One reason for the increasing use of crustacean examples is the wide range of phenotypes found in this group and the diversity of environments they inhabit; few other taxa exhibit such a variety of body shapes and adaptations to particular habitats and environmental conditions. A good overview of their functional morphology is essential to understanding many aspects of their biology. This volume is the first in The Natural History of Crustacea series, a ten-volume series that will treat all aspects of crustacean biology, physiology, behavior, and evolution. The series updates and synthesizes a growing wealth of information on the natural history of this remarkable group. Functional Morphology and Diversity explores the functional morphology of crustaceans, which cover the main body parts and systems. The book brings together a group of internationally recognized-and up-and-coming-experts in fields related to systematics and morphology. Contributing authors study a range of crustacean taxa and topics, and thus the volume provides a compact overview of the great phenotypic diversity and their function found among crustaceans. The first broad treatment of Crustacea in decades, the book will be invaluable for researchers and students in this and related fields.

Download or read book Ecology and Biomechanics written by Anthony Herrel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-01-13 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a well-engineered universe. This engineering is present in every system and organism in existence, including in the actions and interactions of plants and animals. In fact, one could say that the function and movement of plants and animals is just as much a part of their makeup as chlorophyll and fiber or bone and blood. Consequently, if

Download or read book Stream Hydrology written by Nancy D. Gordon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition (1994) there have been rapid developments in the application of hydrology, geomorphology and ecology to stream management. In particular, growth has occurred in the areas of stream rehabilitation and the evaluation of environmental flow needs. The concept of stream health has been adopted as a way of assessing stream resources and setting management goals. Stream Hydrology: An Introduction for Ecologists Second Edition documents recent research and practice in these areas. Chapters provide information on sampling, field techniques, stream analysis, the hydrodynamics of moving water, channel form, sediment transport and commonly used statistical methods such as flow duration and flood frequency analysis. Methods are presented from engineering hydrology, fluvial geomorphology and hydraulics with examples of their biological implications. This book demonstrates how these fields are linked and utilised in modern, scientific river management. * Emphasis on applications, from collecting and analysing field measurements to using data and tools in stream management. * Updated to include new sections on environmental flows, rehabilitation, measuring stream health and stream classification. * Critical reviews of the successes and failures of implementation. * Revised and updated windows-based AQUAPAK software. This book is essential reading for 2nd/3rd year undergraduates and postgraduates of hydrology, stream ecology and fisheries science in Departments of Physical Geography, Biology, Environmental Science, Landscape Ecology, Environmental Engineering and Limnology. It would be valuable reading for professionals working in stream ecology, fisheries science and habitat management, environmental consultants and engineers.

Download or read book Aquaculture Perspective of Multi Use Sites in the Open Ocean written by Bela H. Buck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This volume addresses the potential for combining large-scale marine aquaculture of macroalgae, molluscs, crustaceans, and finfish, with offshore structures, primarily those associated with energy production, such as wind turbines and oil-drilling platforms. The volume offers a comprehensive overview and includes chapters on policy, science, engineering, and economic aspects to make this concept a reality. The compilation of chapters authored by internationally recognized researchers across the globe addresses the theoretical and practical aspects of multi-use, and presents case studies of research, development, and demonstration-scale installations in the US and EU.