Download or read book Bio optical Response to Upper Ocean Monsoonal Forcing in the Arabian Sea written by Christopher Kinkade and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Upper Ocean Response to the Monsoon in the Arabian Sea written by Albert Sok Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimation of the upper ocean heat budget from one year of observations at a moored array in the north central Arabian Sea shows a rough balance between the horizontal advection and time change in heat, associated with the propagation of mesoscale eddies. During the southwest monsoon a coastal filament exports recently upwelled water from the Omani coast to the site of the array, 600 km offshore. Altimetry shows mildly elevated levels of surface eddy kinetic energy along the Arabian coast during the SW monsoon, suggesting that such offshore transport may be an important component of the Arabian Sea heat budget. The sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth are observed to respond to high frequency (HF) variability in the surface heat flux and wind stress. The rectified effect of this HF forcing is investigated in a three-dimensional reduced gravity thermodynamic model of the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
Download or read book The Response of the Upper Ocean to Monosoonal Forcing written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This grant provided support for the collection, analysis and publication of results from the Arabian Sea Accelerated Research Initiative. The Arabian Sea is a unique setting for observations of the upper ocean because of the strength and directional steadiness of the monsoonal forcing. As part of the Arabian Sea ARI, we deployed two surface moorings of a five-mooring array to study the ocean's response to the monsoon. Each of our buoys was equipped with a meteorological package for estimating air-sea fluxes of heat and momentum, and subsurface instrumentation for measuring temperature and horizontal velocity. A variety of projects, discussed below, was brought to completion. The ultimate goal of my research is a complete characterization of the upper ocean 5 response to atmospheric forcing. The forcing takes place through surface fluxes of heat, fresh water, and momentum. The response may be local and direct, or may be modified by advection and wave propagation. The Arabian Sea was an attractive region for an air-sea interaction experiment because of the strength and steadiness of the monsoons. The wind-stress spectrum was more energetic at low frequencies in the Arabian Sea than in mid-latitude locations where the forcing is dominated by storms. The Arabian Sea ARI thus provided an interesting contrast to previous experiments done at higher latitudes such as LOTUS, FASINEX, and Ocean Storms. The ONR-funded surface moored array in the Arabian Sea consisted of a heavily instrumented central mooring (R. Weller, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), two profiling current meters (C. Eriksen, University of Washington), and two lightweight surface moorings (D. Rudnick, Scripps Institution of Oceanography). The array was centered at 15 deg 30'N, 61 deg 30'E, and the moorings were separated by 50 km to resolve mesoscale oceanic features. The site was chosen to be near the climatological maximum wind in July.
Download or read book Mixed Layer Response to Monsoonal Surface Forcing in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A surface mooring was deployed in the Arabian Sea for one year. Subsequent analyses provided quantitative descriptions of the upper ocean response to the surface forcing, including heat budgets and identification of the relative roles of various physical processes. One- and three-dimensional models were used to further examine the dynamics of the response at the site of the moored array and to extend the study to the entire Arabian Sea. The fieldwork produced the first long time series of high quality surface meteorology and air-sea fluxes from the Arabian Sea. Observations of the strong cooling heat flux associated with offshore transport gave new insight into the dynamic mechanisms connecting coastal upwelling and upper ocean cooling. New understanding of the physics of the upper ocean in the Arabian Sea was developed, including the impact of the' diurnal cycle and of high-frequency wind forcing on the vertical mixing and on larger-scale circulation changes. Comparison of mixed layer model performance suggests some simple improvements in the parameterizations could be made in lieu of resolution of the diurnal cycle.
Download or read book The Upper Ocean Response to the Monsoon in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), grant NOOO14-94-1-0161 and National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship and by ONR grant NOOO14-99-1-0090.
Download or read book High Resolution Time Series Observations of Bio Optical and Physical Variability in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mooring instrumented with optical and physical sensors within the upper 300 m was deployed for two consecutive 6-month periods (October 15, 1994 through October 20, 1995) in the central Arabian Sea (15 degrees 30'N, 61 degrees 30'E). Both the Northeast (NE) and southwest (5W) Monsoons were observed. During the NE Monsoon, wind speeds averaged 6m/s and reached up to 15 m during the 5W Monsoon. Intermonsoon periods (Spring, SI, and Fall, H) were characterized by weak and variable winds. Shortwave radiation and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) displayed biannual cycles, peaking during the intermonsoon periods. The maximum winter mixed layer depth (MLD(1 degree C) 110 m)) was deeper than the summer mixed layer (MLD(1 degree C) 80 m)) primarily because of surface cooling and convection. A biannual cycle in chlorophyll was evident with greater values occurring during each monsoon and into the intermonsoon periods. High chlorophyll values associated with cool mesoscale features were also apparent during each monsoon. These mesoscale features and others have been documented using remotely sensed sea- surface height anomaly maps. Our results indicate that biological variability is important for the seasonal variability of the upper ocean heat budget of the central Arabian Sea.
Download or read book Arabian Sea Mixed Layer Dynamics Experiment Data Report written by Mark F. Baumgartner and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Moored Observations for the Forced Upper Ocean Dynamics Experiment in the Arabian Sea written by John Marra and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year-long mooring records in the Arabian Sea (15 deg 30'N/61 deg 30E) show clearly the semi-annual biological response to the northeast and southwest monsoons. Each monsoon causes the mixed layer to deepen, but for the northeast monsoon, convective processes dominate, while during the southwest monsoon, the mixed layer deepens via wind-induced mixing. During both mixing periods, chlorophyll declines, and then increases as the water column stratifies. The annual cycle of chlorophyll variability at the mooring site (the climatological center of the Findlater Jet) generally follows the mixed layer depth. Strong diel variability in phytoplankton and particle variables were observed, and coherence analysis indicated that these were modulated more by water column processes (e.g., changes in the mixed layer depth) than by solar variability. We have demonstrated the utility of moored sensor systems in an unforgiving environment. The high-resolution data are extremely useful to those trying to understand the drivers for seasonal variability in productivity. The seasonal variability in productivity is crucial to interpret the export of carbon from the surface ocean to depth. The results will fuel consideration of the importance of diel processes in determining the activities of plankton.
Download or read book Biological Chemical Oceanography Program Abstract Book written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring and Managing Multi hazards written by Jayanta Das and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-02 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To monitor multi-hazards, Remote Sensing and GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques have been extensively used in recent years worldwide. Since natural hazards cannot be eliminated, only quantification of these events and reliable forecasting can alleviate their detrimental effects, through which we can build more resilient and safe societies. Moreover, cultivating the proper knowledge of the multi-hazards and their monitoring and management can fill the gap between science, policy, and the community concerned. In an endeavor to understand and characterize the various hazards, Monitoring and Managing Multi-hazards: A Multidisciplinary approach presents a synthesis of what cross-disciplinary researchers know about these hazards and indigenous adaptation strategies. The book therefore focuses on the use of precision techniques, Remote Sensing, and GIS technologies to quantify various natural, environmental and social hazards along with the capacity building and sustainable mitigation strategies towards resilient societies. It encompasses both thematic and regional case studies to highlight the dynamicity of climate change, change of natural resources, landscape, water, river, agricultural, and social ecosystems at various spatio-temporal scales, including theoretical and applied aspects. The book gives readers an overview and analysis of traditional and advanced geospatial technologies on atmospheric, lithospheric, hydrosphere, biospheric and socio-economic contexts, on all spatial and temporal scales regarding hazards and disasters and sustainable development and management for the future.
Download or read book The 1994 1996 Arabian Sea Expedition written by Sharon L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Physical and Bio optical Variability in the Arabian Sea During the Northeast Monsoon of 1994 written by David Eric Sigurdson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems written by Kenneth D. Black and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine systems vary in their sensitivities to perturbation. Perturbation may be insidious - such as increasing eutrophication of coastal areas - or it may be dramatic - such as a response to an oil spill or some other accident. Climate change may occur incrementally or it may be abrupt, and ecosystem resilience is likely to be a complex function of the interactions of the factors and species mediating key biogeochemical processes. Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems considers issues of marine system resilience, focusing on a range of marine systems that exemplify major global province types. Each system is interesting in its own right, on account of its sensitivity to natural or anthropogenic change or its importance as an ecological service provider. Each contributing author concentrates on advances of the last decade. This prime reference source for marine biogeochemists, marine ecologists, and global systems scientists provides a strong foundation for the study of the multiple marine systems undergoing change because of natural biochemical or anthropogenic factors.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Dimensional Structure and Evolution of the Mixed Layer in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our goal was to understand the physical (temperature, salinity, density, currents) and optical (fluorescence, light transmission) properties of the upper 200 m of the Arabian Sea vary in response to the strong seasonal, monsoonal wind forcing. Four cruises, covering four phases of the Arabian Sea monsoons, took place during 1994-1995. During these cruises, we deployed SeaSoar (a towed, undulating underwater vehicle) to measure the properties of interest rapidly and with high spatial resolution. Our results show that the traditional picture of basin-scale upwelling and downwelling driven by wind patterns is too simple, and that upper ocean changes seem to be more strongly driven by effects associated with eddies, vertical mixing and horizonal transport.
Download or read book Arabian Sea Mixed Layer Deepening During the Monsoon written by Albert Sok Fischer and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unusual twice-yearly cycle of mixed layer deepening and cooling driven by the monsoon is analyzed using a recently collected (1994-95) dataset of concurrent local air-sea fluxes and upper ocean dynamics from the Arabian Sea. The winter northeast monsoon has moderate wind forcing and a strongly destabilizing surface buoyancy flux, driven by large radiative and latent heat losses at the sea surface. Convective entrainment is the primary local mechanism driving the observed mixed layer cooling and deepening, although horizontal advection of thermocline depth variations affect the depth which the mixed layer attains. Modifications of a one-dimensional mixed layer model and heat balance show that the primary nonlocal forcing of the upper ocean is the horizontal advection of temperature gradients below the mixed layer base. The summer southwest monsoon has strong wind stresses and a neutral to stabilizing surface buoyancy flux, limited by the extreme humidity of the atmosphere, which suppresses both the radiative and latent heat losses at the surface. Wind-driven shear instabilities at the base of the mixed layer, which entrain cooler and fresher water primarily produces the observed mixed layer cooling and deepening. Horizontal advection of cooler water within the mixed layer influences the local heat balance at the mooring site. Ekman pumping velocities play only a small role in the upper ocean evolution during both monsoon seasons.
Download or read book ONR Plans Study of Forced Upper Ocean Dynamics in Arabian Sea written by D. L. Evans and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
