Download or read book Betel quid and Areca nut Chewing and Some Areca nut derived Nitrosamines written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC. This book was released on 2004 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A working group of sixteen experts from seven countries re-evaluated the evidence of the carcinogenicity of betel-quid and areca-nut chewing and some areca-nut related nitrosamines. Betel-quid and areca-nut chewing are widely practised in many parts of Asia and in Asian-migrant communities elsewhere in the world. There are hundreds of millions of users worldwide. They evaluated betel quid with tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus. The working group reviewed epidemiological studies of human cancer, mainly studies from India, Pakistan and Taiwan (China). Studies on betel quid with tobacco and areca nut with tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. The working group also evaluated betel quid without tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of oral cancer. Studies on betel quid without tobacco and areca nut without tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. Areca nut, a common ingredient of betel quid and many different chewing preparations, including those available commercially, has been observed to cause oral submucous fibrosis
Download or read book A Review of Human Carcinogens written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Conference and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tobacco Habits Other Than Smoking Betel quid and Areca nut Chewing and Some Related Nitrosamines written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1985 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Betel Chewing Traditions in South East Asia written by Dawn Rooney and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Betel chewing is one of the most ancient and widespread traditions of the peoples of South-East Asia, and encompasses an estimated one-tenth of the world's population. Although the ingredients of the betel quid are indigenous, the habit was probably introduced to the region by traders and merchants from India some 2,000 years ago. Illustrated throughout, this book offers a unique account of betel chewing as an integral part of daily ritual; it spans all social levels and includes both male and femal users. Dawn F. Rooney also traces the origin of the custom, and examines its ingredients and associated paraphernalia.
Download or read book Smokeless Tobacco and Some Tobacco specific N nitrosamines written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2007 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eighty-ninth volume of the IARC Monographs is the third and last of a series on tobacco-related agents. Volume 83 reported on the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking (second-hand smoke or environmental tobacco smoke) (IARC 2004a). Volume 85 summarized the evidence on the carcinogenic risk of chewing betel quid with and without tobacco (IARC 2004b). That volume explored the variety of products chewed in South Asia and other parts of the word that contain areca nut in combination with other ingredients, often including tobacco. In this eighty-ninth volume, the carcinogenic risks associated with the use of smokeless tobacco, including chewing tobacco and snuff, are considered in a first monograph. The second monograph reviews some tobacco-specific nitrosamines. These agents were evaluated earlier in Volume 37 of the Monographs (IARC 1985) and information gathered since that time has been summarized and evaluated.
Download or read book Betel chewing Equipment of East New Guinea written by Harry Beran and published by Shire Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Betel is a mild stimulant chewed by about ten per cent of the world's population in an area stretching from East Africa across India, south-east Asia, Indonesia and the Philippines to New Guinea. The betel chew consists of the seed of the areca palm (the 'betel nut'), the fruit or leaf of the betel pepper vine, and mineral lime. The lime is kept in a container and taken to the mouth with an implement. In New Guinea the people with poor teeth crush the betel nut in a mortar. In East New Guinea the lime containers are made from gourds, carry burnt-in designs and have finely woven stoppers with curved boars' tusks. The mortars and pestles, and the handles of the lime spatulas in particular, are superbly carved with a great variety of human figures, animals, plants and artefacts, portraying much of importance in Massim culture. This book presents a typology of the designs based on the thousands of pieces collected in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries with many illustrations of the finest specimens. It also indicates the social context of betel chewing in East New Guinea and the social significance of the implements. About the author Harry Beran is a senior lecturer in philosophy at the University of Wollongong in Australia. His interest in East New Guinea (Massim) tribal art began when he visited the Trobriand Islands in 1969 and since then he has studied public collections, travelled in the area, interviewed people in the Milne Bay Province and assembled his own collection of Massim artefacts.
Download or read book Betel and Miang Vanishing Thai Habits written by Peter A. Reichart and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On habits of chewing piper betal leaf with dried areca-nut and miang, fermente tea in northern Thai people.
Download or read book Group Treatment for Substance Abuse Second Edition written by Mary Marden Velasquez and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading manual on group-based treatment of substance use disorders, this highly practical book is grounded in the transtheoretical model and emphasizes the experiential and behavioral processes of change. The program helps clients move through the stages of change by building skills for acknowledging a problem, deciding to act, developing and executing a plan, and accomplishing other critical tasks. The expert authors provide step-by-step guidelines for implementing the 35 structured sessions, along with strategies for enhancing motivation. In a large-size format with lay-flat binding for easy photocopying, the volume includes 58 reproducible handouts. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials. New to This Edition *Reflects significant developments in research and clinical practice. *Eight new sessions focusing on the brain and substance use, gratitude, self-control, mindfulness, acceptance, and more. *Updated discussions of motivational interviewing and the use of cognitive-behavioral techniques with groups. *41 of the 58 handouts are new or revised; all are now downloadable. See also Substance Abuse Treatment and the Stages of Change, Second Edition, by Gerard J. Connors et al., which explores how the transtheoretical model can inform treatment planning and intervention in diverse clinical contexts.
Download or read book Betel Chewing written by Robert James Theodoratus and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Betel Chewing Traditions in South East Asia written by Dawn Rooney and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Betel chewing is one of the most ancient and widespread traditions of the peoples of South-East Asia, and encompasses an estimated one-tenth of the world's population. Although the ingredients of the betel quid are indigenous, the habit was probably introduced to the region by traders and merchants from India some 2,000 years ago. Illustrated throughout, this book offers a unique account of betel chewing as an integral part of daily ritual; it spans all social levels and includes both male and femal users. Dawn F. Rooney also traces the origin of the custom, and examines its ingredients and associated paraphernalia.
Download or read book Textbook of Oral Cancer written by Saman Warnakulasuriya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-22 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive multidisciplinary book examines all aspects of cancers of the mouth and oropharynx with the aim of equipping advanced students and practitioners in the early stages of specialist training with an up-to-date guide and reference. A multinational team of authors – all experts in the field of oral oncology – provide illuminating contributions on the full range of relevant topics: epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, staging and prognostic factors, pathology, diagnostic techniques, disease prevention, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Molecular biology, molecular targeted therapies for advanced cases, and future diagnostic and prognostic applications of new technologies also receive careful attention. In providing a wealth of essential information and guidance in a practical format, the book will be a superb asset for senior graduate students in dentistry and specialist trainees in head and neck oncology. It will also be of high value for the many physicians, surgeons, pathologists, dentists, and specialists involved in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx.
Download or read book Betel nut Chewing written by and published by . This book was released on 1869 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Attention and Arousal written by Michael Eysenck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thinker who has a mortal fear of being wrong will give all that is valuable in himself to that little ambition. Walter Lippmann (1914) Psychology has always been plagued by passing fads and fan cies to a greater extent than is seemly in a scientific discipline. Over the past few years the Zeitgeist can be summed up by the two words 'cognitive psychology'. Indeed, a recent poll of academic psychologists in American indicated that over 80% of them regarded themselves as cognitive psychologists! Cognitive psychology is in the ascendant, but it has never been clear to me that it has addressed all of the appropriate is sues. In particular, information processing in the real world (and even in the laboratory) occurs within a motivational and emotional context, but cognitive psychologists usually main tain the convenient fiction that cognition can fruitfully be stud ied in isolation. The main reason for writing this book was to at tempt to demonstrate that there can be a useful cross-fertiliza tion between cognitive and motivational-emotional psycholo gy and that there are already tantalizing glimpses of the poten tial advantages of such inter-disciplinary research. The ideas of Donald Broadbent and his associates have exer cised a formative influence during the writing of this book. They discovered some years ago that there are intriguing simi larities (as well as differences) in the effects on performance of such apparently quite disparate factors as white noise, time of day, introversion-extraversion and incentive.
Download or read book Development of Oral Cancer written by Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide the reader with a complete understanding of the development of oral cancer by explaining the role of a wide variety of implicated risk factors and identifying their gene targets and key regulators. Some of the discussed risk factors are well known, including smoking, alcohol, betel quid chewing, and oncoviruses such as high-risk human papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr virus; however, careful attention is also paid to less widely recognized factors, such as Qat chewing and yerba Mate consumption. The book concludes by describing and evaluating the most important strategies currently available for the prevention of oral carcinogenesis in humans. In presenting the most up-todate research and knowledge on these topics, this book will serve as a valuable source of up-to-date information for oncologists, cancer scientists, and medical students.
Download or read book The Chewing Gum Book written by Robert Young and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses chewing gum, its forms and flavors, its history and technology, and its various uses.
Download or read book Hijacked Brains written by Henrietta Robin Barnes, MD and published by Dartmouth College Press. This book was released on 2015-01-06 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written from the perspective of a practicing primary care physician, interweaves patientsÕ stories with fascinating new brain research to show how addictive drugs overtake basic brain functions and transform them to create a chronic illness that is very difficult to treat. The idea that drug and alcohol addiction are chronic illnesses and not character flaws is not newsÑthis notion has been around for many years. What Hijacked Brains offers is context and personal stories that demonstrate this point in a very accessible package. Dr. Barnes explores how the healthy brain works, how addictive drugs flood basic reward pathways, and what it feels like to grapple with addiction. She discusses how, for individuals, the combination of genetic and environmental factors determines both vulnerability for addiction and the resilience necessary for recovery. Finally, she shows how American culture, with its emphasis on freewill and individualism, tends to blame the addict for bad choices and personal weakness, thereby impeding political and/or health-related efforts to get the addict what she needs to recover.
Download or read book Betel Nut Chewing in South Asian Community Risks Perceptions written by Mahdi Syed and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Areca or betel nut has long flourished throughout Asia.Thought to have originated on the Malay peninsula, it is the oldest used masticatory used by Asians .It is estimated that roughly 10-20 % of worlds population use it.This means that Areca nut consumption ranks fourth (behind cigarettes, alcoholic, beverages, and coffee) on the worlds most widely used central nervous system stimulants. Areca nut is used by an estimated 200-400 million people, mainly Indo Asian and Chinese. The Betel or Areca nut contains phenol compounds and alkaloids, and the mixture has both stimulant and tranquilizing pharmacological effects. From a medical point of view the most important consideration is the relation between Areca nut & the development of mouth cancer(Oral Squamous cell carcinoma) and its precursors leukoplakia and sub mucous fibrosis . Studies from Pakistan, India and China consistently showed that chewing of Areca nut was the major etiological factor for Oral Leukoplakia and Oral sub mucous fibrosis .
