Download or read book 6000 English Belarusian Belarusian English Vocabulary written by Gilad Soffer and published by Soffer Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 6000+ English - Belarusian Belarusian - English Vocabulary - is a list of more than 6000 words translated from English to Belarusian, as well as translated from Belarusian to English. Easy to use- great for tourists and English speakers interested in learning Belarusian. As well as Belarusian speakers interested in learning English.

Download or read book The A to Z of Belarus written by Vitali Silitski and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2010-04-07 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political map of Eastern Europe changed dramatically in December 1991 when the leaders of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine huddled together in a Bielavieza Forest retreat and decided to dissolve the 15 union republics, which composed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). One of those republics was the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). A United Nations member since 1945, Belarus has a rich cultural heritage that is seen as a promising base for the development of a solid national identity and for real independence. It is this cultural heritage and sense of history that nourish the ongoing efforts of the nationalist minority, as well as the larger democratic opposition, to resist the regime of President Alaksandr Luka?enka who is bent on restoring ties to Russia. Thus Belarus, with its burdens of the past and potential for the future, finds itself in a struggle that will affect not only its own destiny, but also the international structure of Eastern Europe. The A to Z of Belarus—through its chronology, introductory essays, appendixes, map, bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on important persons, places, events, and institutions and significant political, economic, social, and cultural aspects—traces Belarus' history and provides a compass for the direction the country is heading.

Download or read book Modelling and Development of Intelligent Systems written by Dana Simian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-25 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Modelling and Development of Intelligent Systems, MDIS 2022, held in Sibiu, Romania, during October 28–30, 2022. The 21 papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. They were organized in the following topical sections as follows: intelligent systems for decision support; machine learning; mathematical models for development of intelligent systems; and modelling and optimization of dynamic systems.

Download or read book Formalizing Natural Languages Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities written by Mariana González and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes selected revised papers of the 16th International Conference on Formalizing Natural Languages: Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities, NooJ 2022, held in Rosario, Argentina, in June 2022. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. NooJ is a linguistic development environment that provides tools for linguists to construct linguistic resources that formalize a large gamut of linguistic phenomena: typography, orthography, lexicons for simple words, multiword units and discontinuous expressions, inflectional, derivational and agglutinative morphology, local, phrase-structure and dependency grammars, as well as transformational and semantic grammars. The 17 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topics:​ Morphological and Lexical Resources; Syntactic and Semantic Resources; Corpus Linguistics and Discourse Analysis; Natural Language Processing Applications.

Download or read book Religious Language of a Belarusian Tatar Kitab written by Shirin Akiner and published by Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. This book was released on 2009 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tatars from the Golden Horde settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 15th-16th centuries. By descent they were Turco-Mongols, by religion Muslim. Within a few generations they lost their native language(s) and spoke only Belarusian and Polish. In order to record and hand on the essentials of their faith they translated essential religious works into Belarusian Polish. These languages were normally written in the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets - 'Christian' scripts and so unsuitable for Islamic texts. The Tatars therefore devised their own system of orthography, using Arabic letters to convey the phonology of the Slav languages. They also created a religious vocabulary that was suited to the expression of Islamic ideas. For general ethical concepts they drew on Belarusian and Polish, but for terms relating to Islamic doctrine and practice they used Arabic loanwords, 'Slavicising' them morphologically and phonetically. This linguistic fusion represents a remarkable cultural monument of Islam in Europe. The first part of the present work traces the six-hundred year history of the Tatars in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania - a territory now divided between Belarus, Lithuania and Poland. It draws on a wide range of sources, including contemporary accounts in Latin, Old Russian, medieval French, Polish, Italian and Turkish. The second part consists of a detailed study of a Tatar manuscript (Kitab) held in the British Library. Extracts of such manuscripts have previously appeared in print, but this is the first full-length examination of a Tatar text. The main language is Belarusian (mixed standard and dialect forms), and in places heavily Polonized.A CD-ROM with a Latin-script transliteration of the entire Belarusian-Polish British Library Kitab is included in the sleeve of the book.

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of the English Writing System written by Vivian Cook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of the English Writing System provides a comprehensive account of the English writing system, both in its current iteration and highlighting the developing trends that will influence its future. Twenty-nine chapters written by specialists from around the world cover core linguistic and psychological aspects, and also include areas from other disciplines such as typography and computer-mediated communication. Divided into five parts, the volume encompasses a wide range of approaches and addresses issues in the following areas: theory and the English writing system, discussing the effects of etymology and phonology; the history of the English writing system from its earliest development, including spelling, pronunciation and typography; the acquisition and teaching of writing, with discussions of literacy issues and dyslexia; English writing in use around the world, both in the UK and America, and also across Europe and Japan; computer-mediated communication and developments in writing online and on social media. The Routledge Handbook of the English Writing System is essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students working in this area.

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Belarus written by Vitali Silitski and published by Historical Dictionaries of Eur. This book was released on 2007 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political map of Eastern Europe changed dramatically in December 1991 when the leaders of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine huddled together in a Bielavie?a Forest retreat and decided to dissolve the 15 union republics, which composed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). One of those republics was the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). A United Nations member since 1945, Belarus has a rich cultural heritage that is seen as a promising base for the development of a solid national identity and for real independence. It is this cultural heritage and sense of history that nourish the ongoing efforts of the nationalist minority, as well as the larger democratic opposition, to resist the regime of President Alaksandr Luka?enka who is bent on restoring ties to Russia. Thus Belarus, with its burdens of the past and potential for the future, finds itself in a struggle that will affect not only its own destiny, but also the international structure of Eastern Europe. The second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Belarus--through its chronology, introductory essays, appendixes, map, bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on important persons, places, events, and institutions and significant political, economic, social, and cultural aspects--traces Belarus' history and provides a compass for the direction the country is heading.

Download or read book Monosyllables written by Thomas Stolz and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-10-22 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieser Band versammelt zehn Aufsätze, in denen Monosyllaba in verschiedenen Sprachen Asiens, Afrikas und Europas aus unterschiedlichsten Perspektiven betrachtet werden. Einsilber sind in fast allen Sprachen der Welt vertreten. Sprachen wie das Chinesische bevorzugen bekanntermaßen diesen Silbentyp. In anderen, wie z. B. den Bantusprachen, muss ein Wort aus mindestens zwei Silben bestehen. In den europäischen Sprachen rücken Einsilber gerade erst in den Fokus linguistischen Interesses. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes beschäftigen sich sowohl mit phonetischen und phonologischen als auch mit morphologischen und funktionalen Aspekten von Einsilbern. Der Fokus richtet sich auf das Zusammenwirken von Silben- und Wortstruktur, wie auch auf die phonologischen und morphologischen Regeln der Wohlgeformtheit. Es wird sowohl die Entwicklung von Einsilbern in Sprachen, die diesen Silbentyp bevorzugen (ostasiatische Sprachen, aber auch Dänisch), als auch ihre spezielle Rolle als Ausnahmeform innerhalb des Lexikons und bei speziellen Wortformen wie z.B. den Imperativen diskutiert. Methodisch reicht die Spannweite von experimenteller Phonetik, über quantitative Linguistik und Analysen von Einzelsprachen bis hin zu großangelegten typologischen Vergleichen.

Download or read book Gender Language and the Periphery written by Julie Abbou and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims to demonstrate that the centre/periphery tension allows for a theory of gender understood as a power relationship with implications for a political analysis of language structures, language uses and linguistic resistances. All of the 12 chapters included in this volume work on understudied languages such as Moldovan, Lakota, Cantonese, Bajjika, Croatian, Hebrew, Arabic, Ciluba, Cantonese, Cypriot Greek, Korean, Malaysian, Basque and Belarusian and they all explore from the margins different dimensions of social gender in grammar. The diversity of languages is reflected in the range of theoretical frameworks (linguistic anthropology, systemic functional linguistics, contrastive syntactical analysis to name a few) used by the authors in order to apprehend the fluidity of gender(-ed) language and identity, to highlight the social constraints on daily discourse and to identify discourses that resist gender norms. This book will be highly relevant for students and researchers working on the interface of gender with morpho-syntax, semantics, pragmatics and discourse analysis.

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Belarus written by Grigory V. Ioffe and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Belarus is one of fifteen successor states of the former Soviet Union. It’s the only post-Soviet state that is in full of control of its territory and has no territorial conflicts with its neighbors. It’s squeezed between Russia and the European Union. Belarus had never been an independent nation prior to the Soviet Union’s disintegration and its identity is still evolving. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Belarus contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Belarus.

Download or read book The Lexical Typology of Semantic Shifts written by Päivi Juvonen and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume focuses on semantic shifts and motivation patterns in the lexicon. Its key feature is its lexico-typological orientation, i.e. a heavy emphasis on systematic cross-linguistic comparison. The book presents current theoretical and methodological trends in the study of semantic shifts and motivational patters based on an abundance of empirical findings across genetically, areally and typologically diverse languages.

Download or read book Automatic Processing of Natural Language Electronic Texts with NooJ written by Tatsiana Okrut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference, NooJ 2015, held in Minsk, Belarus, in June 2015. NooJ 2015 received 51 submissions. The 20 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from the 35 papers that were presented at the conference. The papers are organized in topical sections on corpora, vocabulary and morphology; syntax and semantics; application.

Download or read book Informational Linguistics written by Alexander Barkovich and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-15 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic and multilayered description of the innovative scientific paradigm of informational linguistics. Today, communication is successful only as far as it is supported by the interpretation, representation and modeling of information. As such, informational knowledge is in high demand, particularly in the field of information technologies. However, any sphere of human activity needs a mastery of its conceptual apparatus and theoretical foundations. Consequently, this book is oriented toward improving the skills of structuring knowledge and distinguishing priorities.

Download or read book Bibliographie Linguistique de L annee 1999 written by Mark Janse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 1484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Setting out the historical national and religious characteristics of the Italians as they impact on the integration within the European Union, this study makes note of the two characteristics that have an adverse effect on Italian national identity: cleavages between north and south and the dominant role of family. It discusses how for Italians family loyalty is stronger than any other allegiance, including feelings towards their country, their nation, or the EU. Due to such subnational allegiances and values, this book notes that Italian civic society is weaker and engagement at the grass roots is less robust than one finds in other democracies, leaving politics in Italy largely in the hands of political parties. The work concludes by noting that EU membership, however, provides no magic bullet for Italy: it cannot change internal cleavages, the Italian worldview, and family values or the country’s mafia-dominated power matrix, and as a result, the underlying absence of fidelity to a shared polity—Italian or European—leave the country as ungovernable as ever.

Download or read book Formalising Natural Languages with Nooj 2014 written by Mario Monteleone and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is composed of 22 peer-reviewed contributions selected from among the 52 presentations submitted for the 2014 International NooJ Conference held at the University of Sassari, Italy. NooJ is a linguistic development environment that allows linguists to formalize a wide range of linguistic phenomena, and then test, adapt, share and accumulate each elementary description so as to build linguistic “modules”, that is, structured libraries of linguistic resources. NooJ is also used as a corpus processor that can launch sophisticated queries over large corpora of texts, in order to produce various results, including concordances, statistical analyses, information extraction, and automatic translation. NooJ is used in many research centers all over the world, and linguistic modules are available for more than 20 languages. NooJ is also used by a growing number of software companies to develop various Natural Language Processing applications. Johanna Monti is Associate Professor at the University of Sassari, Italy, where she teaches Translation Studies, Computational Linguistics, and Machine-Translation and Computer-Aided Translation. She has acted as a member of the scientific committees of various renowned international conferences on Natural Language Processing, and as external evaluator for the Italian Ministry for Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) and the Horizon 2020 programme.

Download or read book Uncertainty in deliberate lexical interventions written by Mélanie Maradan and published by Frank & Timme GmbH. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language managers in their different forms (language planners, terminologists, professional neologists …) have long tried to intervene in the lexical usage of speakers, with various degrees of success: Some of their lexical items (partly) penetrate language use, others do not. Based on electronic networks of practice of the Esperanto speech community, Mélanie Maradan establishes the foundation for a new method to extract speakers’ opinions on lexical items from text corpora. The method is intended as a tool for language managers to detect and explore in context the reasons why speakers might accept or reject lexical items.

Download or read book Formalizing Natural Languages Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities written by Anita Bartulović and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: