Download or read book Backcountry Democracy and the Whiskey Insurrection written by Linda Myrsiades and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backcountry Democracy and the Whiskey Insurrection treats the legal culture that informed the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 and its trials. Linda Myrsiades examines conflicts between state and federal courts and the judicial philosophy of Federalist judges, as well as grand jury charges, law reports, judges’ bench notes, and defense notes for the trials, to develop a portrait of the hegemony of official interpretations of the law. At the same time, the book illuminates popular attitudes about the courts and the law and explores the nature of extralegal courts operated by the people. Myrsiades captures the agitation-propaganda efforts mounted by rebel communities and groups together with petitions and speeches in the rebel assemblies in demonstrating that popular culture offered a clear politico-legal justification within the rebel movement on the unofficial side of legal culture. Myrsiades thus presents a holistic picture of the legal culture of the rebellion. Her examination denies the common perception that the rebel movement was incoherent and chaotic and presents an alternative view that its perceptions are a necessary correlative to understanding how treason law functioned and what its critical elements were in the late-eighteenth century, serving as a lesson for democracy in the present era.
Download or read book Backcountry Democracy and the Whiskey Insurrection written by Linda Myrsiades and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backcountry Democracy and the Whiskey Insurrection treats the legal culture that informed the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 and its trials. Linda Myrsiades examines conflicts between state and federal courts and the judicial philosophy of Federalist judges, as well as grand jury charges, law reports, judges’ bench notes, and defense notes for the trials, to develop a portrait of the hegemony of official interpretations of the law. At the same time, the book illuminates popular attitudes about the courts and the law and explores the nature of extralegal courts operated by the people. Myrsiades captures the agitation-propaganda efforts mounted by rebel communities and groups together with petitions and speeches in the rebel assemblies in demonstrating that popular culture offered a clear politico-legal justification within the rebel movement on the unofficial side of legal culture. Myrsiades thus presents a holistic picture of the legal culture of the rebellion. Her examination denies the common perception that the rebel movement was incoherent and chaotic and presents an alternative view that its perceptions are a necessary correlative to understanding how treason law functioned and what its critical elements were in the late-eighteenth century, serving as a lesson for democracy in the present era.
Download or read book The Whiskey Rebellion written by Brady J Crytzer and published by . This book was released on 2024-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 1791 Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton shocked the western frontier when he proposed a domestic excise tax on whiskey to balance America's national debt. The law, known colloquially as the "Whiskey Act," disproportionately penalized farmers in the backcountry, while offering favorable tax incentives designed to protect larger distillers. Although Hamilton viewed the law as a means of both collecting revenue andforcefully imposing federal authority over the notoriously defiant frontier, settlers in Western Pennsylvania bristled at its passage. They demanded that the law be revoked or rewritten to correct its perceived the injustices, and begged their representatives to lobby Congress on their behalf. As the months passed however the people of Western Pennsylvania grew restless with the inadequacy of the government's response and they soon turned to more violent means of political expression. Treasury officers across the west were targeted for their involvement in the tax collection, and they were brutally attacked by armed bands of disgruntled locals. They were tarred and feathered, burned with hot irons, and whipped; their homes were ransacked and burned. Extralegal courts were established in a direct challenge to federal authority, and the frontier slowly drifted toward a state of rebellion. In response President George Washington raised an army of 13,000 men, one of the largest forces he ever commanded, to suppress the rebellion. No major battle ever occurred, but weeks of arrests, illegal detentions, and civil rights violations rocked the west. The event polarized the nation, and highlighted the dramatic differences between Washington's Federalist perspective and Jefferson's emerging Democratic-Republican Party. Two centuries later the Whiskey Rebellion stands as the second largest domestic rebellion in American History, only outdone by the Confederate States of America in 1861. In The Whiskey Rebellion: A Distilled History of an American Crisis, historian Brady J. Crytzer takes the reader on a journey through Western Pennsylvania following the routes of both the rebels and the United States Army to place this important event into context for the reader. Complete with images and maps, the author illuminates what visitors can still see from the period while providing a cogent and engrossing account of this crisis unfolded and how it was resolved.
Download or read book The Whiskey Rebellion written by Steven R. Boyd and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1985-08-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Whiskey Rebellion written by Andreas Plug and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Amerikanistik - Kultur und Landeskunde, Note: 3, Universität zu Köln (Historisches Seminar Abteilung Anglo Amerikanische Geschichte), Veranstaltung: Proseminar, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Zu Beginn der 90er Jahre des 18. Jahrhunderts waren die USA aufgrund des Unabhängigkeitskrieges gegen England hoch verschuldet. Neben den durch den Krieg entstandenen Schulden, übernahm die Bundesregierung bis 1792 auch die Schulden der Einzelstaaten. 1791 wurde durch den Kongress auf Vorschlag Hamiltons die Bank of the United States mit Sitz in Philadelphia gegründet. Finanzminister Hamilton benötigte die Einnahmen aus nationalen Einfuhrzöllen und aus Steuern zur Sanierung der Staatsfinanzen und zum Schuldenabbau. Die am 3. März 1791 eingeführte Steuer auf destillierte Spirituosen und Brennereien traf die Farmer im Westen in den Frontier Regionen besonders hart. Whiskey war für sie die einzige vernünftige Handelsware. Für die 1790er Jahre lassen sich die dünn besiedelten Gebiete westlich der Appalachen, in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kentucky und Tennessee entlang des Ohio als Frontierregion be- zeichnen.1 Aufgrund ihrer isolierten Lage, war es für diese Regionen von großer Bedeutung über einen vernünftigen, sicheren Transportweg in den Osten der USA zu verfügen. Getreide oder andere landwirtschaftliche Produkte konnten jedoch nicht rentabel über die Appalachen nach Osten transportiert werden. Getreide wurde deshalb von den Farmern in Brennereien zu Whiskey gebrannt. Whiskey war haltbar und konnte somit auch über längere Strecken rentabel transportiert werden.2 Somit diente Whiskey den Farmern als Zahlungsmittel, um bei Händlern ihren Bedarf an dringend benötigten Waren zu decken. Die Steuer sollte direkt bei den Farmern, die Destillen besaßen, also noch bevor diese mit dem Whiskey handeln konnten, eingetrieben werden. Bei den Versuchen die Steuer in den Frontiergebieten durchzusetzen, kam es immer wieder zu gewalttätigem Widerstand
Download or read book Taming Democracy written by Terry Bouton and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-07-12 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans are fond of reflecting upon the Founding Fathers, the noble group of men who came together to force out the tyranny of the British and bring democracy to the land. Unfortunately, as Terry Bouton shows in this highly provocative first book, the Revolutionary elite often seemed as determined to squash democracy after the war as they were to support it before. Centering on Pennsylvania, the symbolic and logistical center of the Revolution, Bouton shows how this radical shift in ideology spelled tragedy for hundreds of common people. Leading up to the Revolution, Pennsylvanians were united in their opinion that "the people" (i.e. white men) should be given access to the political system, and that some degree of wealth equality (i.e. among white men) was required to ensure that political freedom prevailed. As the war ended, Pennsylvania's elites began brushing aside these ideas, using their political power to pass laws to enrich their own estates and hinder political organization by their opponents. By the 1780s, they had reenacted many of the same laws that they had gone to war to abolish, returning Pennsylvania to a state of economic depression and political hegemony. This unhappy situation led directly to the Whiskey and Fries rebellions, popular uprisings both put down by federal armies. Bouton's work reveals a unique perspective, showing intimately how the war and the events that followed affected poor farmers and working people. Bouton introduces us to unsung heroes from this time--farmers, weavers, and tailors who put their lives on hold to fight to save democracy from the forces of "united avarice." We also get a starkly new look at some familiar characters from the Revolution, including Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, and George Washington, who Bouton strives to make readers see as real, flawed people, blinded by their own sense of entitlement. Taming Democracy represents a turning point in how we view the outcomes of the Revolutionary War and the motivations of the powerful men who led it. Its eye-opening revelations and insights make it an essential read for all readers with a passion for uncovering the true history of America.
Download or read book The Whiskey Rebellion written by Thomas P. Slaughter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1988-01-14 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When President George Washington ordered an army of 13,000 men to march west in 1794 to crush a tax rebellion among frontier farmers, he established a range of precedents that continues to define federal authority over localities today. The "Whiskey Rebellion" marked the first large-scale resistance to a law of the U.S. government under the Constitution. This classic confrontation between champions of liberty and defenders of order was long considered the most significant event in the first quarter-century of the new nation. Thomas P. Slaughter recaptures the historical drama and significance of this violent episode in which frontier West and cosmopolitan East battled over the meaning of the American Revolution. The book not only offers the broadest and most comprehensive account of the Whiskey Rebellion ever written, taking into account the political, social and intellectual contexts of the time, but also challenges conventional understandings of the Revolutionary era.
Download or read book Becoming Irish American written by Timothy J. Meagher and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-07 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins and evolution of Irish American identity, from colonial times through the twentieth century As millions of Irish immigrants and their descendants created community in the United States over the centuries, they neither remained Irish nor simply became American. Instead, they created a culture and defined an identity that was unique to their circumstances, a new people that they would continually reinvent: Irish Americans. Historian Timothy J. Meagher traces the Irish American experience from the first Irishman to step ashore at Roanoke in 1585 to John F. Kennedy’s election as president in 1960. As he chronicles how Irish American culture evolved, Meagher looks at how various groups adapted and thrived—Protestants and Catholics, immigrants and American born, those located in different geographic corners of the country. He describes how Irish Americans made a living, where they worshiped, and when they married, and how Irish American politicians found particular success, from ward bosses on the streets of New York, Boston, and Chicago to the presidency. In this sweeping history, Meagher reveals how the Irish American identity was forged, how it has transformed, and how it has held lasting influence on American culture.
Download or read book Rioting in America written by Paul A. Gilje and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "... a sweeping, analytical synethsis of collective violence from the colonial experience to the present." --American Studies "Gilje has written 'the book' on rioting throughout American history." --The Historian "... a thorough, illuminating, and at times harrowing account of man's inhumanity to man." --William and Mary Quarterly "... fulfills its title's promise as an encyclopedic study... an impressive accomplishment and required reading for anyone interested in America's contentious past." --Journal of the Early Republic "Gilje has written a thought-provoking survey of the social context of American riots and popular disorders from the Colonial period to the late 20th century.... a must read for anyone interested in riots." --Choice In this wide-ranging survey of rioting in America, Paul A. Gilje argues that we cannot fully comprehend the history of the United States without an understanding of the impact of rioting. Exploring the rationale of the American mob brings to light the grievances that motivate its behavior and the historical circumstances that drive the choices it makes. Gilje's unusual lens makes for an eye-opening view of the American people and their history.
Download or read book The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political Community in Revolutionary Pennsylvania 1774 1800 written by Kenneth Owen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political Community in Revolutionary Pennsylvania challenges the ways we understand popular sovereignty in the American Revolution. Whereas previous histories place undue focus on elite political thought or analysis based on class, this study argues that it was ordinary citizens that cared most about the establishment of a proper, representative, publicly legitimate political process. Popular activism constrained the options available to leaders and created a system through which the actions of government were made more representative of the will of the community. Political Community in Revolutionary Pennsylvania analyzes political developments in Pennsylvania from 1774, when Americans united in opposition to Britain's Intolerable Acts, through to 1800 and the election of Thomas Jefferson. It looks at the animating philosophy of the Pennsylvania state constitution of 1776, a 'radical manifesto' which espoused a vision of popular sovereignty in which government was devolved from the people only where necessary. Even when governmental institutions were necessary, their legitimacy rested on being able to clearly demonstrate that they operated on popular consent, expressed in a variety of forms of popular mobilization.
Download or read book The Early Republic and Antebellum America An Encyclopedia of Social Political Cultural and Economic History written by Christopher G. Bates and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 3424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2015. This text holds four volumes of essays and entries on the early Republic and Antebellum era in America spanning the end of the American Revolution in 1781 to the outbreak of Civil War in 1861. The Americans forged a new government in theory and then in practice, with the beginnings of industrialisation and the effects of urbanisation, widespread poverty, labour strife, debates around slavery and sectional discord. By the end of the nineteenth century American had a powerhouse economy, new technologies and the emergence of major social reform movements, creation of uniquely American art and literature and the conquest of the West. This encyclopaedia offers a historic reference.
Download or read book Irish Immigrants in the Land of Canaan written by Kerby A. Miller and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's description: Irish Immigrants in the Land of Canaan is a monumental study of early Irish Protestant and Catholic immigration to America. Through exhaustive research and analysis of the migrants' letters and memoirs, the editors explore why the immigrants left Ireland, how they adapted to colonial and revolutionary America, and how their experiences and attitudes shaped society, culture and politics, and created modern Irish and Irish-American identities, in America and Ireland alike.
Download or read book The American Presidency written by Sidney M. Milkis and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Presidency examines the constitutional foundation of the executive office and the social, economic, political, and international forces that have reshaped it. Authors Sidney M. Milkis and Michael Nelson broadly examine the influence of each president, focusing on how these leaders have sought to navigate the complex and ever-changing terrain of the executive office and revealing the major developments that launched the modern presidency at the dawn of the twentieth century. By connecting presidential conduct to the defining eras of American history and the larger context of politics and government in the United States, this award-winning book offers vital perspective and insight on the limitations and possibilities of presidential power. The Eighth Edition examines recent events and developments including the latter part of the Obama presidency, the 2016 election, the first twenty months of the Trump presidency, and updated coverage of issues involving race and the presidency.
Download or read book The Whiskey Rebellion written by William Hogeland and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gripping and sensational tale of violence, alcohol, and taxes, The Whiskey Rebellion uncovers the radical eighteenth-century people’s movement, long ignored by historians, that contributed decisively to the establishment of federal authority. In 1791, on the frontier of western Pennsylvania, local gangs of insurgents with blackened faces began to attack federal officials, beating and torturing the tax collectors who attempted to collect the first federal tax ever laid on an American product—whiskey. To the hard-bitten people of the depressed and violent West, the whiskey tax paralyzed their rural economies, putting money in the coffers of already wealthy creditors and industrialists. To Alexander Hamilton, the tax was the key to industrial growth. To President Washington, it was the catalyst for the first-ever deployment of a federal army, a military action that would suppress an insurgency against the American government. With an unsparing look at both Hamilton and Washington, journalist and historian William Hogeland offers a provocative, in-depth analysis of this forgotten revolution and suppression. Focusing on the battle between government and the early-American evangelical movement that advocated western secession, The Whiskey Rebellion is an intense and insightful examination of the roots of federal power and the most fundamental conflicts that ignited—and continue to smolder—in the United States.
Download or read book Commons Democracy written by Dana D. Nelson and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2015-12-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commons Democracy highlights a poorly understood dimension of democracy in the early United States. It tells a story that, like the familiar one, begins in the Revolutionary era. But instead of the tale of the Founders’ high-minded ideals and their careful crafting of the safe framework for democracy—a representative republican government—Commons Democracy examines the power of the democratic spirit, the ideals and practices of everyday people in the early nation. As Dana D. Nelson reveals in this illuminating work, the sensibility of participatory democratic activity fueled the involvement of ordinary folk in resistance, revolution, state constitution-making, and early national civic dissent. The rich variety of commoning customs and practices in the late colonies offered non-elite actors a tangible and durable relationship to democratic power, one significantly different from the representative democracy that would be institutionalized by the Framers in 1787. This democracy understood political power and liberties as communal, not individual. Ordinary folk practiced a democracy that was robustly participatory and insistently local. To help tell this story, Nelson turns to early American authors—Hugh Henry Brackenridge, James Fenimore Cooper, Robert Montgomery Bird, and Caroline Kirkland—who were engaged with conflicts that emerged from competing ideals of democracy in the early republic, such as the Whiskey Rebellion and the Anti-Rent War as well as the enclosure of the legal commons, anxieties about popular suffrage, and practices of frontier equalitarianism. While Commons Democracy is about the capture of “democracy” for the official purposes of state consolidation and expansion, it is also a story about the ongoing (if occluded) vitality of commons democracy, of its power as part of our shared democratic history and its usefulness in the contemporary toolkit of citizenship.
Download or read book Rise of American Democracy written by Sean Wilentz and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 1114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A political history of how the fledgling American republic developed into a democratic state offers insight into how historical beliefs about democracy compromised democratic progress and identifies the roles of key contributors.
