Download or read book Aztec Mixtec and Zapotec Armies written by John Pohl and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 1991-11-28 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looks at the military organisation, weaponry, and tactics of the Indians of Mexico prior to the Spanish conquest, and describes the various wars they fought between themselves. Suggested level: secondary.
Download or read book Aztec Warrior written by John Pohl and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-20 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to one popular image, the Aztec army was a ruthless and efficient war machine, that established an empire by convincingly overwhelming its neighbors, sacrificing thousands to bloodthirsty gods along the way. From a contrasting perspective, its native warriors were no match for the modern warring methods of Cortés' greatly outnumbered Spaniards, who decisively defeated them. The reality of the Aztec warrior's ability and effectiveness lies somewhere between those two extremes, as this title makes clear. By examining the experiences of a hypothetical individual, Cuauhtli, this meticulously researched book shows that the history of Aztec warfare is much richer and far more complex than previously understood, and reveals the close relationship between social and military matters in Aztec society.
Download or read book The Cambridge History of War Volume 2 War and the Medieval World written by David A. Graff and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume II of The Cambridge History of War covers what in Europe is commonly called 'the Middle Ages'. It includes all of the well-known themes of European warfare, from the migrations of the Germanic peoples and the Vikings through the Reconquista, the Crusades and the age of chivalry, to the development of state-controlled gunpowder-wielding armies and the urban militias of the later middle ages; yet its scope is world-wide, ranging across Eurasia and the Americas to trace the interregional connections formed by the great Arab conquests and the expansion of Islam, the migrations of horse nomads such as the Avars and the Turks, the formation of the vast Mongol Empire, and the spread of new technologies – including gunpowder and the earliest firearms – by land and sea.
Download or read book Aztec Warrior written by John Pohl and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-20 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to one popular image, the Aztec army was a ruthless and efficient war machine, that established an empire by convincingly overwhelming its neighbors, sacrificing thousands to bloodthirsty gods along the way. From a contrasting perspective, its native warriors were no match for the modern warring methods of Cortés' greatly outnumbered Spaniards, who decisively defeated them. The reality of the Aztec warrior's ability and effectiveness lies somewhere between those two extremes, as this title makes clear. By examining the experiences of a hypothetical individual, Cuauhtli, this meticulously researched book shows that the history of Aztec warfare is much richer and far more complex than previously understood, and reveals the close relationship between social and military matters in Aztec society.
Download or read book Tenochtitlan 1519 21 written by Si Sheppard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1519, the Conquistador Hernán Cortés landed on the mainland of the Americas. His quest to serve God, win gold, and achieve glory drove him into the heartland of what is now Mexico, where no European had ever set foot before. He marched towards to the majestic city of Tenochtitlan, floating like a jewel in the midst of Lake Texcoco. This encounter brought together cultures that had hitherto evolved in complete isolation from each other – Catholic Spain and the Aztec Empire. What ensued was the swift escalation from a clash of civilizations to a war of the worlds. At the conclusion of the Conquistador campaign of 1519–21, Tenochtitlan lay in ruins, the last Aztec Emperor was in chains, and Spanish authority over the native peoples had been definitively asserted. With the colourful personalities – Cortés, Malinche, Pedro Alvarez, Cuitláhuac, Cuauhtémoc – driving the narrative, and the vivid differences in uniforms, weapons, and fighting styles between the rival armies (displayed using stunning specially commissioned artwork), this is the fascinating story of the collapse of the Aztec Empire.
Download or read book Empire of the Aztecs written by Barbara A. Somervill and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Empire of the Aztecs" opens with a summary of the rise and fall of the empire, placing it within the context of its time period and geographical location. The second half of this book explores the daily lives of the Aztec people, focusing on their social customs, religious practices, family and community structure, and cultural accomplishments.
Download or read book Handbook to Life in the Aztec World written by Manuel Aguilar-Moreno and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes daily life in the Aztec world, including coverage of geography, foods, trades, arts, games, wars, political systems, class structure, religious practices, trading networks, writings, architecture and science.
Download or read book Ancient Mesoamerican Warfare written by Kathryn M. Brown and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2003-10-07 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding of warfare in ancient Mesoamerica has blossomed in recent years. In this volume, the authors use recent empirical studies to help us understand the patterns and nature of Mesoamerican warfare. Using evidence from ceramics, settlement pattern, epigraphy, ethnohistory, and ethnography, these projects define the martial nature of Mesoamerican societies and link it to ritual, political economy, and other cultural systems. The studies range from preclassic to post-contact and from Belize to Central Mexico. A comparison between this corpus and warfare studies in the American Southwest is also included. This volume will be of interest to Mesoamericanists and other archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians of ancient warfare.
Download or read book Aztec Warfare written by Ross Hassig and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In exploring the pattern and methods of Aztec expansion, Ross Hassig focuses on political and economic factors. Because they lacked numerical superiority, faced logistical problems presented by the terrain, and competed with agriculture for manpower, the Aztecs relied as much on threats and the image of power as on military might to subdue enemies and hold them in their orbit. Hassig describes the role of war in the everyday life of the capital, Tenochtitlan: the place of the military in Aztec society; the education and training of young warriors; the organization of the army; the use of weapons and armor; and the nature of combat.
Download or read book Mexico From the Olmecs to the Aztecs written by Michael D. Coe and published by Thames & Hudson. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Masterly. . . . The complexities of Mexico’s ancient cultures are perceptively presented and interpreted.” —Library Journal Michael D. Coe’s Mexico has long been recognized as the most readable and authoritative introduction to the region’s ancient civilizations. This companion to his best-selling The Maya has now been revised by Professor Coe and Rex Koontz. The seventh edition incorporates new findings in a number of disciplines. The solution to the long-standing puzzle of the origin of maize-farming has at last been solved, and spectacular new discoveries shed light on Mexico’s earliest civilization, the Olmec culture. At the great city of Teotihuacan, recent investigations in the earliest monumental pyramid indicate the antiquity of certain sacrificial practices and the symbolism of the pyramid. Expanded information on the Huastec region of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico is included, while discoveries in the sacred precinct of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan have led to a refined understanding of the history and symbolism of this hallowed area.
Download or read book Lord Eight Wind of Suchixtlan and the Heroes of Ancient Oaxaca written by Robert Lloyd Williams and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican world, histories and collections of ritual knowledge were often presented in the form of painted and folded books now known as codices, and the knowledge itself was encoded into pictographs. Eight codices have survived from the Mixtec peoples of ancient Oaxaca, Mexico; a part of one of them, the Codex Zouche-Nuttall, is the subject of this book. As a group, the Mixtec codices contain the longest detailed histories and royal genealogies known for any indigenous people in the western hemisphere. The Codex Zouche-Nuttall offers a unique window into how the Mixtecs themselves viewed their social and political cosmos without the bias of western European interpretation. At the same time, however, the complex calendrical information recorded in the Zouche-Nuttall has made it resistant to historical, chronological analysis, thereby rendering its narrative obscure. In this pathfinding work, Robert Lloyd Williams presents a methodology for reading the Codex Zouche-Nuttall that unlocks its essentially linear historical chronology. Recognizing that the codex is a combination of history in the European sense and the timelessness of myth in the Native American sense, he brings to vivid life the history of Lord Eight Wind of Suchixtlan (AD 935–1027), a ruler with the attributes of both man and deity, as well as other heroic Oaxacan figures. Williams also provides context for the history of Lord Eight Wind through essays dealing with Mixtec ceremonial rites and social structure, drawn from information in five surviving Mixtec codices.
Download or read book Aztec Empire Rise and Fall written by A.J. Carmichael and published by AJ CARMICHAEL. This book was released on with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Aztec Empire, Rise and Fall is a captivating exploration of one of the most fascinating cultures in world history. From their mysterious origins in ancient Mesoamerica to their tragic demise at the hands of Spanish conquistadors, this book offers a comprehensive account of the Aztecs' rise to power, their legendary military prowess, and their complex religious beliefs and mythology. Beginning with a tour of the Aztec's stunning archaeological sites, readers are transported back in time to witness the birth of a civilization that would go on to dominate the Americas for centuries. From the towering pyramids of Tenochtitlan to the majestic temples of Teotihuacan, every aspect of Aztec culture is brought to life through vivid descriptions and stunning imagery. As the story unfolds, readers are treated to an in-depth examination of Aztec warfare, including their use of advanced weapons and tactics, and their ruthless treatment of defeated enemies. The book also delves into the complex religious beliefs and mythology of the Aztecs, including their worship of deities like Huitzilopochtli and Quetzalcoatl, and their gruesome practice of human sacrifice. But the Aztec's dominance would not last forever, and the book also details the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors and the catastrophic impact of their conquest. Through first-hand accounts and meticulous research, readers are transported to the heart of the conflict, witnessing the betrayal, brutality, and tragedy that marked the end of the Aztec civilization. "The Rise and Fall of the Aztec Civilization" is a thrilling journey through one of the most remarkable civilizations in human history. With its engaging prose, stunning visuals, and meticulous attention to detail, this book is a must-read for anyone interested in the fascinating world of ancient Mesoamerica.
Download or read book Explorer s Guide Oaxaca A Great Destination written by Paige R. Penland and published by The Countryman Press. This book was released on 2009-12-07 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to the Mexican city offers thorough coverage of the region, from the Pacific Beaches to the Northern Sierras and the Oaxaca Valley, and Including detailed road-trip itineraries. Let Oaxaca’s wonders welcome you to this sophisticated Spanish colonial capital. Oaxaca is a kaleidoscope of colors and cultures, a place of pale green cantera stone churches, sweeping plazas with brightly clad dancers, and markets redolent with the scent of freshly ground chocolate. Enjoy impressive museums, fine restaurants, and fantastic galleries, then head up into the pine-forested mountains, cloud forests, and colorful deserts, studded with ancient ruins, indigenous villages, and incredible ecotourism opportunities. There’s so much to see and do, but be sure to save some time to soak up the sun on Oaxaca’s 300 km/186 miles of Pacific beaches and bays. More than 100 photographs and detailed maps round out the package, making this guidebook an indispensable resource. Ándale!
Download or read book The Last Full Measure written by Michael Stephenson and published by Crown. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this brilliantly researched, deeply humane work of history, Michael Stephenson traces the paths that have led soldiers to their graves over the centuries, revealing a wealth of insight about the nature of combat, the differences among cultures, and the unchanging qualities of humanity itself. Behind every soldier’s death lies a story, a tale not just of the cold mathematics of the battlefield but of an individual human being who gave his life. What psychological and cultural pressures brought him to his fate? What lies—and truths—convinced him to march toward his death? Covering warfare from prehistory through the present day, The Last Full Measure tells these soldiers’ stories, ultimately capturing the experience of war as few books ever have. In these pages, we march into battle alongside the Greek phalanx and the medieval foot soldier. We hear gunpowder’s thunder in the slaughters of the Napoleonic era and the industrialized killing of the Civil War, and recoil at the modern, automated horrors of both World Wars. Finally, we witness the death of one tradition of “heroic” combat and the construction of another in the wars of the modern era, ranging from Vietnam to America’s latest involvements in Iraq and Afghanistan. In exploring these conflicts and others, Stephenson draws on numerous sources to delve deep into fascinating, period-specific detail—tracing, for instance, the true combat effectiveness of the musket, the utility of the cavalry charge, or the vulnerabilities of the World War II battle tank. Simultaneously, he examines larger themes and reveals surprising connections across both time and culture. What does the medieval knight have in common with the modern paratrooper? What did heroism and bravery mean to the Roman legionary, or to the World War I infantryman—and what is the true motivating power of such ideals? How do men use religion, friendship, or even nihilism to armor themselves against impending doom—and what do we as human beings make of the undeniable joy some among us take in the carnage? Combining commanding prose, impeccable research, and a true sensitivity to the combatant’s plight, The Last Full Measure is both a remarkably fresh journey through the annals of war and a powerful tribute to the proverbial unknown soldier.
Download or read book Osprey Men At Arms written by Martin Windrow and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osprey Men-at-Arms: A Celebration is a very special volume detailing some of the wonderful artwork that has graced Osprey's renowned Men-at-Arms series over the last forty years. Beautifully presented in luxurious cloth, embossed and foil blocked, with head and tails bands and a ribbon bookmark, the collection contains the most treasured illustrations from the vast archives of this respected series and is a classic, collectable item for all military history enthusiasts.
Download or read book Conquistador written by Buddy Levy and published by Bantam. This book was released on 2009-07-28 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this astonishing work of scholarship that reads like an edge-of-your-seat adventure thriller, acclaimed historian Buddy Levy records the last days of the Aztec empire and the two men at the center of an epic clash of cultures perhaps unequaled to this day. It was a moment unique in human history, the face-to-face meeting between two men from civilizations a world apart. In 1519, Hernán Cortés arrived on the shores of Mexico, determined not only to expand the Spanish empire but to convert the natives to Catholicism and carry off a fortune in gold. That he saw nothing paradoxical in carrying out his intentions by virtually annihilating a proud and accomplished native people is one of the most remarkable and tragic aspects of this unforgettable story. In Tenochtitlán Cortés met his Aztec counterpart, Montezuma: king, divinity, commander of the most powerful military machine in the Americas and ruler of a city whose splendor equaled anything in Europe. Yet in less than two years, Cortés defeated the entire Aztec nation in one of the most astounding battles ever waged. The story of a lost kingdom, a relentless conqueror, and a doomed warrior, Conquistador is history at its most riveting.
Download or read book The Aztecs written by Dirk R. Van Tuerenhout and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2005-06-21 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did a bedraggled band of nomads manage to evolve into a Mesoamerican superpower in such a brief time? This volume looks at the essential elements in the Aztecs' rise, fall, and enduring influence. A wealth of new archaeological findings and interpretations has sparked a richer understanding of the Aztecs, dispelling many myths. The Aztecs: New Perspectives looks at evidence from ancient, colonial, and modern times to present a contemporary, well-rounded portrait of this Mesoamerican culture. Like no other volume, it examines daily Aztec life both at, and away from, the seats of power, revealing the Aztecs to be accomplished farmers, astronomers, mathematicians, and poets—as well as ruthless warriors and tireless builders of empire. The Aztecs ranges from the mysterious origins of the Aztlan tribe to the glory years of empire and ultimate defeat. But the story doesn't end there. To present the most complete picture possible, the author goes to the most fascinating source available—the living ancestors who keep the Aztec language and many aspects of their ancient worldview alive. There is no better volume for exploring the realities of Aztec life as it was, and as it influences our world today.
