Download or read book Advances in Biodiesel Production written by R Luque and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is one of the main biofuels capable of substituting fossil fuel usage in compression ignition vehicles, and is used in a variety of fuel blends worldwide. First-generation biodiesel has been used in national markets for some time, with fuel quality standards in place for this purpose. There remain, however, several restrictions to sustainable and long term market development, which is influenced by many factors, including food vs. fuel pressures. The development of new generations of biodiesel, aimed at more sustainable and effective feedstock utilisation alongside improved production efficiency and fuel quality, is critical to the future both of this industry and of the continuing use of biodiesel fuels in transportation.This book provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies. Part one reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards. This coverage is extended in Part two, with chapters focussing on the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in biodiesel production a standard reference for chemical, biochemical and industrial process engineers, as well as scientists and researchers in this important field. - Provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies - Reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards - Discusses the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies

Download or read book Guide to ASTM Test Methods for the Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants written by R. A. Nadkarni and published by Astm International. This book was released on 2000 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes the essential elements of all analytical tests used to characterize petroleum products. The 350 plus entries are alphabetically arranged by chemical and physical properties, such as apparent viscosity, density, metal analysis, sulfur determination, vapor pressure, and water. Each entry co

Download or read book Edible Oil Processing written by Wolf Hamm and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-08-05 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oils and fats are almost ubiquitous in food processing, whether naturally occurring in foods or added as ingredients that bring functional benefits. Whilst levels of fat intake must be controlled in order to avoid obesity and other health problems, it remains the fact that fats (along with proteins and carbohydrates) are one of the three macronutrients and therefore an essential part of a healthy diet. The ability to process oils and fats to make them acceptable as part of our food supplies is a key component in our overall knowledge of them. Without this ability, the food that we consume would be totally different, and much of the flexibility available to us as a result of the application of processing techniques would be lost. Obviously we need to know how to process fatty oils, but we also need to know how best to use them once they have been processed. This second edition of Edible Oil Processing presents a valuable overview of the technology and applications behind the subject. It covers the latest technologies which address new environmental and nutritional requirements as well as the current state of world edible oil markets. This book is intended for food scientists and technologists who use oils and fats in food formulations, as well as chemists and technologists working in edible oils and fats processing.

Download or read book Oil Spill Environmental Forensics written by Zhendi Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil Spill Environmental Forensics provides a complete view of the various forensic techniques used to identify the source of an oil spill into the environment. The forensic procedures described within represent various methods from scientists throughout the world. The authors explore which analytical and interpretative techniques are best suited for a particular oil spill project. This handy reference also explores the use of these techniques in actual environmental oil spills. Famous incidents discussed include the Exxon Valdez incident in 1989 and the Guanabara Bay, Brazil 2000. The authors chronicle both the successes and failures of the techniques used for each of these events. Dr. Zhendi Wang is a senior research scientist and Head of Oil Spill Research of Environment Canada, working in the oil and toxic chemical spill research field. He has authored over 270 academic publications and won a number of national and international scientific honors and awards. Dr. Wang is a member of American Chemical Society (ACS), the Canadian Society for Chemistry (CSC), and the International Society of Environmental Forensics (ISEF). - International experts show readers the forensic techniques used in oil spill investigations - Provides the theoretical basis and practical applications for investigative techniques - Contains numerous case studies demonstrating proven technique

Download or read book The Biodiesel Handbook written by Gerhard Knothe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this invaluable handbook covers converting vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The Biodiesel Handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts, as well as the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide. - Incorporates the major research and other developments in the world of biodiesel in a comprehensive and practical format - Includes reference materials and tables on biodiesel standards, unit conversions, and technical details in four appendices - Presents details on other uses of biodiesel and other alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats

Download or read book Chemical Biomarkers in Aquatic Ecosystems written by Thomas S. Bianchi and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-28 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a unique and thorough look at the application of chemical biomarkers to aquatic ecosystems. Defining a chemical biomarker as a compound that can be linked to particular sources of organic matter identified in the sediment record, the book indicates that the application of these biomarkers for an understanding of aquatic ecosystems consists of a biogeochemical approach that has been quite successful but underused. This book offers a wide-ranging guide to the broad diversity of these chemical biomarkers, is the first to be structured around the compounds themselves, and examines them in a connected and comprehensive way. This timely book is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate students seeking training in this area; researchers in biochemistry, organic geochemistry, and biogeochemistry; researchers working on aspects of organic cycling in aquatic ecosystems; and paleoceanographers, petroleum geologists, and ecologists. Provides a guide to the broad diversity of chemical biomarkers in aquatic environments The first textbook to be structured around the compounds themselves Describes the structure, biochemical synthesis, analysis, and reactivity of each class of biomarkers Offers a selection of relevant applications to aquatic systems, including lakes, rivers, estuaries, oceans, and paleoenvironments Demonstrates the utility of using organic molecules as tracers of processes occurring in aquatic ecosystems, both modern and ancient

Download or read book The Role of Catalysis for the Sustainable Production of Bio fuels and Bio chemicals written by Kostas Triantafyllidis and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Catalysis for the Sustainable Production of Bio-fuels and Bio-chemicals describes the importance of catalysis for the sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals, focused primarily on the state-of-the-art catalysts and catalytic processes expected to play a decisive role in the "green" production of fuels and chemicals from biomass. In addition, the book includes general elements regarding the entire chain of biomass production, conversion, environment, economy, and life-cycle assessment. Very few books are available on catalysis in production schemes using biomass or its primary conversion products, such as bio-oil and lignin. This book fills that gap with detailed discussions of: - Catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass - Hybrid biogasoline by co-processing in FCC units - Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to biofuels (biomass-to-liquid process) - Steam reforming of bio-oils to hydrogen With energy prices rapidly rising, environmental concerns growing, and regulatory apparatus evolving, this book is a resource with tutorial, research, and technological value for chemists, chemical engineers, policymakers, and students. - Includes catalytic reaction mechanism schemes and gives a clear understanding of catalytic processes - Includes flow diagrams of bench-, pilot- and industrial-scale catalytic processing units and demonstrates the various process technologies involved, enabling easy selection of the best process - Incorporates many tables, enabling easy comparison of data based on a critical review of the available literature

Download or read book Renewable Bioresources written by Christian Stevens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-11-19 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable Bioresources: scope and modification for non-food applications is the first text to consider the broad concept of renewable materials from the socio-economic aspects through to the chemical production and technical aspects of treating different raw products. The text sets the context of the renewables debate with key opening chapters on green chemistry, and the current situation of US and EU policy regarding sustainability and industrial waste. The quantitative and technical scope and production of renewable resources is then discussed with material looking at integral valorisation, the primary production of raw materials, downstream processing, and the identification of renewable crop materials. The latter part of the book concludes with a discussion on the uses for renewable materials such as carbohydrates, woods, fibres, biopolymers, lipids and proteins in different industrial applications, including a key chapter on the high value-added industries. Covers the broad concept of renewable resources from different points of view. Takes readers through the identification, production, processing and end-applications for renewable raw materials. Considers and compares EU and US renewable resources and sustainability objectives. Devotes one chapter to green chemistry and sustainability, focussing on the green industrial processes. This is an essential book for upper level undergraduates and Masters students taking modules on Renewable Resources, Green Chemistry, Sustainable Development, Environmental Science, Agricultural Science and Environmental Technology. It will also benefit industry professionals and product developers who are looking at improved economic and environmental means of utilising renewable materials.

Download or read book Waste Biorefineries Future Energy Green Products and Waste Treatment written by Mohammad Rehan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy recovery from waste resources holds a significant role in the sustainable waste management hierarchy to support the concept of circular economies and to mitigate the challenges of waste originated problems of sanitation, environment, and public health. Today, waste disposal to landfills is the most widely used methodology, particularly in developing countries, because of limited budgets and lack of efficient infrastructure and facilities to maintain efficient and practical global standards. As a consequence, the dump-sites or non-sanitary landfills have become the significant sources of greenhouse gases emissions, soil and water contamination, unpleasant odors, leachate, and disease spreading vectors, flies, and rodents. However, waste can be utilized to produce a range of potential products such as energy, fuels and value-added products under waste biorefineries. A holistic and quantitative view, such as waste biorefinery, on waste management must be linked to the actual country, taking into account its socio-economic situation, local waste sources, and composition, as well as the available markets for the recovered energy and products. Therefore, it is critical to understand that solutions cannot be just copied from one region to the others. In fact, all waste handling, transportation, and treatment can represent a burden to the cities’ environment and macro and micro economics, except for the benefits obtained from recovered materials and energy. Equally significant is a clear and quantitative understanding of the industrial, and public potential of utilizing recovered materials and energy in the markets as these can be reached without exacerbating the environmental issues using excessive transport. The book explores new advancements and discoveries on the development of emerging waste-to-energy technologies, practical implementation, and lessons learned from sustainable wastemanagement practices under waste biorefinery concept, which will accelerate the growth of circular economies in the world. The articles presented in this book have been written by expert researchers and academics working in institutions at different countries across the world including Germany, Greece, Japan, South Korea, China, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Iran, and India. The research articles have been arranged into three main subject categories; 1) Resource recovery from waste, 2) Waste to energy technologies and 3) Waste biorefineries. This book will serve as an important resource for research students, academics, industry, policy makers, and government agencies working in the field of integrated waste management, energy and resource recovery, waste to energy technologies, waste biorefineries etc. The editorial team of this book is very grateful to all the authors for their excellent contributions and making the book successful.

Download or read book Prospects of Renewable Bioprocessing in Future Energy Systems written by Ali Asghar Rastegari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-03 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses various renewable energy resources and technologies. Topics covered include recent advances in photobioreactor design; microalgal biomass harvesting, drying, and processing; and technological advances and optimised production systems as prerequisites for achieving a positive energy balance. It highlights alternative resources that can be used to replace fossil fuels, such as algal biofuels, biodiesel, bioethanol, and biohydrogen. Further, it reviews microbial technologies, discusses an immobilization method, and highlights the efficiency of enzymes as a key factor in biofuel production. In closing, the book outlines future research directions to increase oil yields in microalgae, which could create new opportunities for lipid-based biofuels, and provides an outlook on the future of global biofuel production. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all researchers and engineers working in the renewable energy sector.

Download or read book Biodiesel written by Amit Sarin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an accomplished author this book discusses all major aspects on the production and properties of biodiesel, but the main focus is on the two very important properties of oxidative stability and low-temperature flow. Examples of key chapters include: biodiesel properties, fuel specifications, oxidative stability and low-temperature flow properties, engine efficiency and emissions using biodiesel, major sources for biodiesel production, the present state of the biodiesel industry. One additional feature of the book is that it contains a comprehensive section on biodiesel resources. In this section the reader will be directed to fifty Indian unknown plants, that contain more than 30% oil in their seed or fruit. The author discusses in significant detail the statistical relationship between fatty acid compositions and other biodiesel properties. To bring the book to a final conclusion the food versus fuel issue is discussed and possible solutions. The book will be essential reading for chemists, chemical engineers and agricultural scientists working in both industry and academia on the production of biofuels.

Download or read book Lipid Analysis in Oils and Fats written by R.J. Hamilton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the developments in the field of lipid analysis, providing an up-to-date review of the analytical techniques available to chemists and technologists to identify complex molecules. The requisite theoretical background will be provided for individual techniques, together with their strengths and weaknesses, and a guide to the enormous range of commercial applications. It will be an invaluable reference source to all sectors of the oils and fats industry where accurate labeling of foods, food contamination and adulteration are issues of increasing interest and concern.

Download or read book Future Energy written by Trevor Letcher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-07-30 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future Energy will allow us to make reasonable, logical and correct decisions on our future energy as a result of two of the most serious problems that the civilized world has to face; the looming shortage of oil (which supplies most of our transport fuel) and the alarming rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 50 years (resulting from the burning of oil, gas and coal and the loss of forests) that threatens to change the world's climate through global warming. Future Energy focuses on all the types of energy available to us, taking into account a future involving a reduction in oil and gas production and the rapidly increasing amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. It is unique in the genre of books of similar title in that each chapter has been written by a scientist or engineer who is an expert in his or her field. The book is divided into four sections: - Traditional Fossil Fuel and Nuclear Energy - Renewable Energy - Potentially Important New Types of Energy - New Aspects to Future Energy Usage Each chapter highlights the basic theory and implementation, scope, problems and costs associated with a particular type of energy. The traditional fuels are included because they will be with us for decades to come - but, we hope, in a cleaner form. The renewable energy types includes wind power, wave power, tidal energy, two forms of solar energy, bio-mass, hydroelectricity, geothermal and the hydrogen economy. Potentially important new types of energy include: pebble bed nuclear reactors, nuclear fusion, methane hydrates and recent developments in fuel cells and batteries. - Written by experts in the key future energy disciplines from around the globe - Details of all possible forms of energy that are and will be available globally in the next two decades - Puts each type of available energy into perspective with realistic, future options

Download or read book Lipid Glossary 2 written by F. D. Gunstone and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-05-12 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipid Glossary 2 is a handy reference for a wide range of lipid scientists and technologists, as well as for those involved in the trading of these materials.The major part of the book is the glossary which contains brief and simple definitions, such as the names of fatty acids and lipids, the major oils and fats, terms associated with their analysis, refining, and modification, and the major journals and societies concerned with lipid chemistry. Entries are arranged alphabetically for ease of reference and there are cross-refernces between sections. Many entries have full references to further sources of information.The earlier book A Lipid Glossary (first published by The Oily Press in 1992) has been completely rewritten for this new version. The entries have been extended and increased in number to over 1200. The number of graphics has been raised to over 180. As a consequence, the new book has more than twice as many pages as the old version. Details of the major lipid journals and books on lipids are listed in two appendices.

Download or read book Biodiesel Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics written by Semakula Maroa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodiesel combustion, including biodiesel performance, emissions and control. It brings together a range of international research in combustion studies in order to offer a comprehensive resource for researchers, students and academics alike. The book begins with an introduction to biodiesel combustion, followed by a discussion of NOx formation routes. It then addresses biodiesel production processes and oil feedstocks in detail, discusses the physiochemical properties of biodiesel, and explores the benefits and drawbacks of these properties. Factors influencing the formation of emissions, including NOx emissions, are also dealt with thoroughly. Lastly, the book discusses the mechanisms of pollution and different approaches used to reduce pollutants in connection with biodiesel. Each approach is considered in detail, and diagrams are provided to illustrate the points in line with industry standard control mechanisms.

Download or read book Biofuels written by Mansour Al Qubeissi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amongst concerns about climate change, energy security decline and depletion of fossil fuels, this book explores the high importance of and interests in alternative energy resources. Many studies have shown that biomass fuels are sustainable, environmentally friendly and can be the most appropriate replacement to the depleting crude oil. Additionally, they can expand green landscapes, create new job opportunities, be directly utilised in standard power systems and improve combustion performance. Biomass fuels can be limited due to production cost and competition with food. Therefore, plant and food wastes play an important role in reducing these costs and recycling dump bio-materials. Production of biofuels from non-food biomass has emerged as a sustainable option to tackle the problems associated with growing demands for energy.

Download or read book Biobased Surfactants written by Douglas G. Hayes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biobased Surfactants: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, Second Edition, covers biosurfactant synthesis and applications and demonstrates how to reduce manufacturing and purification costs, impurities, and by-products. Fully updated, this book covers surfactants in biomedical applications, detergents, personal care, food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. It reflects on the latest developments in biobased surfactant science and provides case scenarios to guide readers in efficient and effective biobased surfactant application, along with strategies for research into new applications. This book is written from a biorefinery-based perspective by an international team of experts and acts as a key text for researchers and practitioners involved in the synthesis, utilization, and development of biobased surfactants. - Describes new and emerging biobased surfactants and their synthesis and development - Showcases an interdisciplinary approach to the topic, featuring applications to chemistry, biotechnology, biomedicine, and other areas - Presents the entire lifecycle of biobased surfactants in detail