Download or read book Attitudes and Perceptions of Criminal Justice Personnel Toward Each Other written by James George Chappas and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Attitudes Toward the Criminal Justice System written by James W. Painter and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this study was to determine if the attitudes of junior high school teachers were the same as those of law enforcement officers working in the same geographic area...The problem which study was directed was: If the attitudes of instructors and law enforcement officers are considerably different, do these differences work to the disadvantage of the Criminal Justice System?...Evolving from the aforementioned problem is the research question: What relationship exists between the attitudes of junior high school teachers and law enforcement officers toward the criminal justice system?"--from introduction.
Download or read book Handbook of Community Sentiment written by Monica K. Miller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-18 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the most comprehensive reference book on community sentiment available. The classic book about community sentiment is Norm Finkel’s “Commonsense Justice: Jurors’ Notions of the Law” (1995). A similarly influential book called “Justice, Liability, and Blame” was published at the same time, examining lay sentiment about a variety of criminal issues and suggesting ways in which the substantive criminal law could be reformed in light of such lay responses (Robinson & Darley, 1995). Although these books were influential and important for their time (and since), this Handbook expands significantly on them, both by updating research since that time and broadens the scope of topic areas to ones that are not limited to trial and criminal justice issues. Each chapter is original/unpublished and focuses on an area related to children/families, many of which are “hot topic” areas in the news and courts today. For instance, the U.S. Supreme Court decided a case in June 2012 about the constitutionality of “life without parole” for juvenile offenders—a topic discussed in the Fass and Miora chapter. Thus, it is of interest to those interested in family law topics as well.
Download or read book Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 1995 written by Kathleen Maguire and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996-07 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This annual Sourcebook brings together data of interest to the criminal justice community. A compilation of information from a variety of sources. The book has six sections: 1. Characteristics of the Criminal Justice System, 2. Public Attitude Toward Crime & Criminal Justice-related Topics, 3. Nature & Distribution of Known Offenses, 4. Characteristics & Distribution of Persons Arrested, 5. Judicial Processing of Defendants, 6. Persons Under Correctional Supervision. Over 400 charts & Tables.
Download or read book Witness Participation in the Criminal Justice System written by Rakel Provonsha Larson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Witnesses and victims often choose not to report crimes to police. Previous research suggests that decisions to report and participate in the criminal justice process are the product of a complex, multi-determined confluence of cognitive, social, and cultural factors. The focus of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between attitudes regarding the legitimacy of police, expressed willingness to report crimes, and actual crime reporting. Study 1, conducted with 309 undergraduate students, was designed to assess whether the relationship between perceptions of legitimacy and expressed willingness to report varied depending on the specific crime conditions. The results showed that when presented with broad, hypothetical questions that do not specify the crime conditions (i.e., the typical method used in willingness studies), individuals imagine their own crime scenarios. Willingness to report varied depending on the specific conditions imagined and based on explicitly defined features of the crime. The legitimacy-willingness relationship was robust, regardless of whether respondents imagined the crime features or they were explicitly provided with them. Study 2 assessed attitudes about the legitimacy of police and crime reporting behavior among 75 undergraduates who had either been a witness or victim of a serious crime within the previous two years. Attitudes about the legitimacy of the police were strongly associated with respondents' expressed willingness to report crimes to the police, but were not associated with actual crime reporting behavior. Expressed willingness was strongly associated with actual crime reporting. The results underscore the importance of social factors associated with actual reporting. Specifically, victims and witnesses were less likely to report crimes when: (a) they were committed by perpetrators they knew; (b) they perceived the crime as not serious; (c) they did not fear retaliation; (d) they feared being labeled a "snitch;" (e) they did not talk to a parent or co-witness after the crime occurred; and, (f) they did not perceive crime reporting as a moral duty. Implications for process-based theories of control, police practice and procedure, and future research are discussed.
Download or read book Evidence Based Practice Attitudes Knowledge and Perceptions of Barriers Among Juvenile Justice Professionals written by Esther Chao Mckee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This mixed methods study examined the attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of barriers toward Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among Florida Juvenile Justice Service Professionals (JJSP). Previous research established individual factors such as age, gender, years of professional experience and educational attainment are related to attitudes and perceptions of barriers among social service and mental health professionals, but scant research has been conducted among juvenile justice providers (Aarons 2004, 2010; Rubin & Parrish, 2007, 2012; Jette et al., 2003). Most individual factors were found to have no significant effect on attitude and knowledge scores within this population with exception of gender and major of study as predictors to barrier scores. Qualitative analysis to a question asking JJSPs to list their top three perceived barriers confirmed quantitative results and revealed Lack of Time to be the most frequently endorsed barrier among JJSPs. By adapting existing instruments to measure primary research variables with a new population, this study advances knowledge in both social work and criminal justice fields. The study's results also support the use of Rogers's Theory of Innovation Diffusion and Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior.
Download or read book The Impact of Race on Attitudes Toward Crime and Criminal Justice written by Nealya R. Carter and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Criminal Justice Contact and Inequality written by Kristin Turney and published by Rsf: The Russell Sage Foundati. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers and the public are increasingly aware of the dire consequences of mass incarceration for millions of individuals and families. However, incarceration is only one component of the larger criminal justice system. Many more individuals have contact with the criminal justice system through arrests, misdemeanor convictions, and the accumulation of fines and fees, without spending time behind bars. In this issue of RSF, editors sociologist Kristin Turney and criminologist Sara Wakefield and a multi-disciplinary group of authors analyze how the range of criminal justice contact create, maintain, and exacerbate inequalities. Contributors show that the vast scope of the criminal justice system disproportionately targets low-income and minority populations, with serious consequences across the life course. Several articles explore the ramifications of ongoing surveillance. Amanda Geller and Jeffrey Fagan survey adolescents who come into contact with law enforcement and find that intrusive police stops contribute to heightened cynicism toward the legal system, suggesting that aggressive policing weakens youths' deference to law and legal authorities. Robert Vargas and coauthors study police-dispatcher radio communications and show that data breaches where the dispatcher reveals confidential identifying information about individuals reporting criminal activity are more common in predominantly black and Latino neighborhoods. Because police scanners are accessible by the public, these breaches make residents more vulnerable to criminals, gangs, or predatory businesses. Other contributors explore the effects of criminal justice contact on family life. Frank Edwards examines how families' interactions with the child welfare system differ by race and shows that black and Native American families living in counties with high arrest rates are more likely to be investigated for child abuse and neglect than similar families in counties with low arrest rates. For whites, by contrast, poverty--rather than arrests--is the strongest predictor for contact with the child welfare system. In an ethnographic study of bail bond agents, Joshua Page and coauthors find that this industry uses predatory methods to extract bail from the female relatives and partners of incarcerated individuals, increasing financial hardship particularly among low-income women of color. The criminal justice system is an institution of social stratification in the United States. By documenting how regimes of punishment and surveillance extend far beyond prison, this issue advances our understanding of how social inequalities are perpetuated by a supposedly impartial system.
Download or read book A Tale of Two States written by Jessica J. Warner and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementation of new policy and procedure based on the "what works" literature has been widespread and ongoing. Unfortunately, the transfer of knowledge and research from scholar to practitioner has not been as strong and successful as many would hope (Goggin & Gendreau, 2006; Taxman & Belenko, 2013). Findings from routine projects and implementation of identified best practices in real-world settings tend to be weaker than when demonstration projects are completed (Lipsey, 1999, 2001). This difference in outcomes suggests that there may be factors relevant to successful implementation that have been unknown, forgotten, or even ignored. One of those factors is the organizational context (i.e., climate and culture) of the agency that is undergoing implementation. Regarding context, there is concern that staff attitudes and perceptions could negatively impact, even derail, implementation efforts and lead to wasted time and resources (Taxman & Belenko, 2012). The purpose of this dissertation was to explore staff perceptions of specific components of organizational context. Two state prison system research projects utilized portions of the National Criminal Justice Treatment Practices Survey (NCJTPS). For this dissertation, staff perceptions of cynicism towards change, leadership, organizational needs, and perspective-taking were analyzed and compared across states. Additionally, individual respondent demographic characteristics and work-related variables were regressed on the factor scales to determine if those independent variables could explain variation in staff perceptions. Results indicated that the two state systems were significantly different in staff responses across a majority of the scales and subscales. The amount of variation explained by the individual respondent characteristics differed by scale although education level and employment position were consistently significant across models. The relevance of staff perceptions of these factors is strong since both prison systems were undergoing substantial redesign and implementation efforts. Identifying staff attitudes and perceptions at the beginning of implementation efforts can assist leadership and implementation teams in tailoring the change efforts to address the beliefs and concerns of staff which will directly impact staff behavior. Ultimately, addressing staff perceptions can increase the likelihood of successful implementation and redesign.
Download or read book Satisfaction with Police written by National Institute of Justice (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Student Attitudes Towards Campus Law Enforcement written by Vivian J. Ortiz and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of citizen attitudes has, in recent decades, become standard practice within the criminal justice system. However, in assessing the criminal justice system, most research has gathered data on the attitudes and perceptions of specific populations within society (i.e. older citizens) and has not really focused on younger age groups, or more specifically, students enrolled in colleges and universities. The present study examined attitudes of college students in the areas of confidence and utilization of campus police. Utilizing a non-random convenience sample of undergraduate and graduate students (N=393) at a large four-year research institution, participants completed a 21-item survey to measure their confidence and utilization of campus police, resources, and services. The results suggest that confidence does not affect utilization of police and students stated they would utilize police despite their confidence level. However, more significantly, students also indicated that while they would utilize police, they reported they had not. As a result, various recommendations were made to improve communications between students and campus police and directions for future research were also noted.
Download or read book The Racial and Partisan Underpinnings of Attitudes Toward Police in a Time of Protest written by Andrew J. Thompson (Ph.D. in criminal justice) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial and ethnic differences in policing attitudes have generally been examined through the group position or other conflict perspectives. This perspective contains a limitation, especially when considering recent trends in racial and policing attitudes. Racial attitudes have been liberalizing for over a decade among White political liberals and moderates, while Republicans’ racial attitudes have been relatively stagnant. These divergent trends may have accelerated since the murder of George Floyd. While racial attitudes (including attitudes about the police) have been polarizing along political lines, the group position model suggests that racial attitudes and policy preferences among dominant group members, regardless of their political leanings, are motivated by the desire to maintain their group privileges. Taking stock of recent trends, my dissertation revisits the group position thesis to suggest that racial framing is a chief influencer of attitudes toward policing and other social institutions among Whites. For Black Americans and other persons of color, however, framing may matter less. Instead, policing attitudes may be more cemented in a collective understanding of their group’s subordination. To test these theoretical possibilities, this dissertation examines intra-racial variability across three studies. Study 1 tests the framed group position thesis by examining different levels of intra-racial variation in support for police reforms using data from the 2020 Cooperative Election Study. Study 2 replicates study 1 but extends the framed group position thesis to an additional outcome: affinity with the police. In study 3, I utilize a factorial vignette survey to assess the perceived acceptability of police force at protests and punishment preferences for those officers that used force. Supportive of the framed group position thesis, I find greater intra-racial variation in White attitudes about police reform in studies 1 and 2. However, I do not find greater intra-racial variation among Whites when analyzing affinity with law enforcement and use of force attitudes. Future studies should continue investigating the framed group position thesis by investigating differential receptivity to racial frames and investigating the theoretical structural changes of mass opinion change.
Download or read book National Criminal Justice Thesaurus written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Evaluations written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains an inventory of evaluation reports produced by and for selected Federal agencies, including GAO evaluation reports that relate to the programs of those agencies.
Download or read book Treatment versus Punishment for Drug Addiction written by Richard Soyer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief summarizes the results of a two-year, international research project covering drug addiction treatment versus punishment in Austria, Poland, and Spain. It features: -An analysis of the national drug-related legislation and its application in these countries - An evaluation of drug laws and policies by both the law enforcement and drug treatment practitioners -An evaluation of drug-addicted offenders undergoing drug treatment versus punishment and their outcomes The basic findings of the project can be summarized as follows: drug addiction and drug-related criminal behavior should be treated as a psychiatric disorder and a chronic disease. The study supports the application of a treatment-oriented approach to drug-related delinquency. As this brief demonstrates, one challenge to an adequate treatment of drug addicted offenders is a lack of cooperation between the judicial and the medical sector, and an inconsistent application of policies. By comparing the legislation and application of drug laws in these three European countries, the authors provide insights with implications for other national legal systems. This brief will be of interest to researchers and policy-makers working with drug involved individuals, from criminology and criminal justice, public health, public policy and international comparative law.
Download or read book Dispensing Justice Locally written by Richard Curtis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the significant impact and success that can be accomplished when courts are designed to meet the needs of the community regardless of traditional proceedings. The presentation of this unique approach marks the way for courts and ancillary justice agencies of all sizes to work together to build community confidence and assure not only quality of life but quality of justice.
