Download or read book Attentional and Memory Dysfunction Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Rape Survivors written by Melissa Ann Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consists of intrusive, avoidant, and arousal symptoms and is characterized by decreased concentration and memory. Our conceptualization of PTSD is based largely on studies of combat veterans, a small percentage of all PTSD sufferers. This study examined psychological symptoms and neuropsychological functioning among rape survivors with PTSD (PTSD+; N = 15), rape survivors without PTSD (PTSD-, N = 16) and among age- and education-matched nontraumatized control subjects (CTRL; N = 16). PTSD+ subjects met diagnostic criteria as defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID); they reported increased anxiety, depression, agitation, and derealization symptoms on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). They also scored higher than control subjects on somatization, obsessive-compulsive, and depressive subscales of the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Various aspects of attention and memory were assessed quantitatively as follows: (1) vigilance for visual stimuli using the Continuous Performance Test (CPT); (2) sustained attention and concentration using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT); (3) freedom from distractibility and immediate memory in both auditory and visual modalities using the Digit Span and Digit Symbol subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R); (4) shifting of selective attention using Posner's visual target detection task; (5) memory using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). The data were analyzed for main effects using ANOVA and, when justified, specific group differences were assessed using a Tukey post-hoc procedure. The PTSD+ group performed significantly worse than the control groups on the CPT (p = 0.006), PASAT (p = 0.000), WAIS-R Digit Span (p = 0.004) and Digit Symbol (p = 0.000) subtests, and on the List Acquisition (p = 0.006) and Delayed Recall (p = 0.003) portions of the CVLT. These neuropsychological findings in rape survivors with PTSD are remarkably similar to those seen in combat veterans, a group characterized by decreased sustained attention, but not selective attention as well as decreased performance on memory tasks. PTSD, but not depressive, symptom severity was highly correlated with reduced attention and memory functioning. Implications for conceptualization, research and treatment of PTSD are discussed.

Download or read book Reclaiming Your Life After Rape Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Client Workbook written by Barbara Olasov Rothbaum Associate Professor in Psychiatry and Director of the Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program Emory University School of Medicine and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004-11-11 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This powerful client workbook is written in an encouraging and easy-to-understand style specifically for women who have been sexually assaulted and have developed chronic symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Clients learn how cognitive-behavioral therapy has helped other victims and how it can work for them. This book explains how to distinguish PTSD symptoms from other disorders and teaches powerful techniques for overcoming these symptoms. In writing this book, the authors aim to address two goals. First, they want to present information about PTSD and related problems in language understandable to nonprofessionals. This information will include a review of the studies on posttrauma problems and on the effectiveness of different treatments. They also describe why some survivors develop PTSD and others do not. The second goal of the book is to provide a detailed client workbook for the treatment of trauma-related problems, especially PTSD, to assist clients working with a therapist. The authors are aware of the fact that people have different problems and different needs. What works for one person may not work for another. Therefore, they describe several different treatment techniques. The book is organized around the different cognitive-behavioral techniques that have been studied and proven effective with women sufferers of PTSD following an assault. Throughout the book, the authors focus mainly on women who have been sexually assaulted and as a result developed chronic symptoms of PTSD, which have disturbed their daily functioning and cause them emotional distress. Most of the examples they use to demonstrate the cognitive-behavioral techniques are drawn from their experience in treating rape survivors. However, the cognitive-behavioral procedures outlined here have been as successful in helping women who have been sexually abused in childhood and adult female survivors of nonsexual assaults, like aggravated assault and robbery. Other survivors of traumas such as natural disasters and car accidents were also helped by this cognitive-behavioral approach.

Download or read book Post Traumatic Stress Disorder written by Peter Shiromani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-06 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric illness that can occur in anyone who has experienced a life-threatening or violent event. The trauma can be due to war, terrorism, torture, natural disasters, violence, or rape. In PTSD the brain areas that are likely to be affected are the hippocampus (memory), amygdala (fear association), the prefrontal cortex (cognitive processing), and the ascending reticular activating system (arousal). The chemical of interest is norepinephrine, which is released during a stressful event and is part of the fight-or-flight response meant to mobilize the body to action.The objective of this title is to outline the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder and provide treatment strategies for clinicians. The chapter material from this book has evolved from a seminar on PTSD held recently under the auspices of the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. We propose a book that will focus on the epidemiology, neurobiology, MRI studies, animal models, arousal and sleep issues, clinical trials, and treatment strategies for clinicians. Treatment will cover such topics as guidelines for treating posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD and the use of mental health services, cognitive intervention therapy, and large scale clinical trials in PTSD. This collection will be a vital source of information to clinicians and neuroscientists.

Download or read book The Distracted Mind written by Adam Gazzaley and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “brilliant and practical” study of why our brains aren’t built for media multitasking—and how we can learn to live with technology in a more balanced way (Jack Kornfield, author of The Wise Heart) Most of us will freely admit that we are obsessed with our devices. We pride ourselves on our ability to multitask—read work email, reply to a text, check Facebook, watch a video clip. Talk on the phone, send a text, drive a car. Enjoy family dinner with a glowing smartphone next to our plates. We can do it all, 24/7! Never mind the errors in the email, the near-miss on the road, and the unheard conversation at the table. In The Distracted Mind, Adam Gazzaley and Larry Rosen—a neuroscientist and a psychologist—explain why our brains aren't built for multitasking, and suggest better ways to live in a high-tech world without giving up our modern technology. The authors explain that our brains are limited in their ability to pay attention. We don't really multitask but rather switch rapidly between tasks. Distractions and interruptions, often technology-related—referred to by the authors as “interference”—collide with our goal-setting abilities. We want to finish this paper/spreadsheet/sentence, but our phone signals an incoming message and we drop everything. Even without an alert, we decide that we “must” check in on social media immediately. Gazzaley and Rosen offer practical strategies, backed by science, to fight distraction. We can change our brains with meditation, video games, and physical exercise; we can change our behavior by planning our accessibility and recognizing our anxiety about being out of touch even briefly. They don't suggest that we give up our devices, but that we use them in a more balanced way.

Download or read book Handbook of Sexual Assault and Sexual Assault Prevention written by William T. O'Donohue and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely handbook provides in-depth overviews of the myriad and multi-faceted issues surrounding sexual assault and its pervasiveness in today’s culture. Drawing for multiple viewpoints and experts, the book is divided into seven comprehensive sections, covering such topics as risk factors, varying theoretical frameworks, prevention and intervention, and special populations. Within these sections the authors provide historical background as well as the latest research, and offer treatment outcomes and potentials.Selected topics covered in this book include: Feminist theories of sexual assault Social and economic factors surrounding sexual violence Mental, physiological, physical, and functional health concerns of victims, including PTSD Major categories of sexual offenders Treatment of sexual assault survivors in the LGBTQ+ community Procedural processes related to sexual assault investigation and adjudication within the criminal justice system The Handbook of Sexual Assault and Sexual Assault Prevention is a vital book that will appeal to a broad spectrum of students, researchers, practitioners, and clinicians in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, community mental health, and sociology.

Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology Maladaptation and Psychopathology written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-01 with total page 1248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference on external contributing factors in psychopathology Developmental Psychopathology is a four-volume compendium of the most complete and current research on every aspect of the field. Volume Three: Risk, Disorder, and Adaptation explores the everyday effects and behaviors of those with behavioral, mental, or neurological disorders, and the disorder's real-world impact on their well-being. Now in its third edition, this comprehensive reference has been fully updated to better reflect the current state of the field, and detail the latest findings in causation, intervention, contextual factors, and the risks associated with atypical development. Contributions from expert researchers and clinicians explore the effects of abuse and traumatic stress, memory development, emotion regulation, impulsivity, and more, with chapters specifically targeted toward autism, schizophrenia, narcissism, antisocial behavior, bipolar disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Advances in developmental psychopathology have burgeoned since the 2006 publication of the second edition, and keeping up on the latest findings in multiple avenues of investigation can be burdensome to the busy professional. This series solves the problem by collecting the information into one place, with a logical organization designed for easy reference. Learn how childhood experiences contribute to psychopathology Explore the relationship between atypical development and substance abuse Consider the impact or absence of other developmental traits Understand the full risk potential of any behavioral or mental disorder The complexity of a field as diverse as developmental psychopathology deepens with each emerging theory, especially with consideration of the multiple external factors that have major effects on a person's mental and emotional development. Developmental Psychopathology Volume Three: Risk, Disorder, and Adaptation compiles the latest information into a cohesive, broad-reaching reference with the most recent findings.

Download or read book Post Traumatic Stress Disorder written by Charles B. Nemeroff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together the leaders in the field of PTSD research to present an up-to-date summary and understanding of this complex disorder. All of our current knowledge and controversies concerning the diagnosis, epidemiology, course, pathophysiology and treatment are described in detail. The evidence for efficacy for each of the different forms of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to at-risk groups, including minorities, and coverage of PTSD throughout the world is reviewed as well. The authors present state-of-the-art findings in genetics, epigenetics, neurotransmitter function and brain imaging to provide the most current and comprehensive review of this burgeoning field.

Download or read book Behavioral Neurobiology of PTSD written by Eric Vermetten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the behavioral neuroscience that supports our understanding of the neurobiology of trauma risk and response. The collection of articles focuses on both preclinical and clinical reviews of (1) state-of-the-art knowledge of mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring disorders, (2) the biological and psychological constructs that support risk and resiliency for trauma disorders, and (3), novel treatment strategies and therapeutics on the horizon.

Download or read book Handbook of Medical Neuropsychology written by Carol L. Armstrong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious and important second edition of the Handbook of Medical Neuropsychology takes an in-depth approach to the medical conditions and methods of neurorehabilitation. Comprehensive in scope and highly detailed in its coverage, the second edition, like the first, characterizes the effects of disease and the impact of interventions in the current state of advanced medicine at a level appropriate both for researchers and for clinicians. Featuring the most up-to-date information and quantitative research on cognitive neuroscience of autism, HIV/AIDS, cancer, head injury, respiratory diseases, endocrine diseases, early birth injury, dementia, and other disorders, the book handles theory, historical background, practical considerations, and controversial areas with evidence based disease indicators, clinical expertise, and real-world insight. It seeks to critique diagnostic and assessment tools specific to disorders. The new chapters in this inclusive second edition reflect the changes in prominent problems found in the clinic and provide worthy insights for research investigation in their review of: Substance use disorders. Nutrition in neurocognition and mental health. Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Traumatic brain injury in very early childhood. Cognitive functioning in asthma. The role of mindfulness in neurorehabilitation. The Handbook of Medical Neuropsychology, 2nd Edition continues to be an essential resource for the neuropsychology clinician, researcher, practitioner or graduate student. It will be stimulating and relevant reading for years to come.

Download or read book Stress Trauma and Children s Memory Development written by Mark L. Howe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-10 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few questions in psychology have generated as much debate as those concerning the impact of childhood trauma on memory. A lack of scientific research to constrain theory has helped fuel arguments about whether childhood trauma leads to deficits that result in conditions such as false memory or lost memory, and whether neurohormonal changes that are correlated with childhood trauma can be associated with changes in memory. Scientists have also struggled with more theoretical concerns, such as how to conceptualize and measure distress and other negative emotions in terms of, for example, discrete emotions, physiological response, and observer ratings. To answer these questions, Mark L. Howe, Gail Goodman, and Dante Cicchetti have brought together the most current and innovative neurobiological, cognitive, clinical, and legal research on stress and memory development. This research examines the effects of early stressful and traumatic experiences on the development of memory in childhood, and elucidates how early trauma is related to other measures of cognitive and clinical functioning in childhood. It also goes beyond childhood to both explore the long-term impact of stressful and traumatic experiences on the entire course of "normal" memory development, and determine the longevity of trauma memories that are formed early in life. Stress, Trauma, and Children's Memory Development will be a valuable resource for anyone interested in early experience, childhood trauma, and memory research.

Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Psychopathology written by Chad A. Noggle and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2012-11-26 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print+CourseSmart

Download or read book The Burden of Adult ADHD in Comorbid Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders written by Stefano Pallanti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the importance of investigating for ADHD in adults with attention difficulties, poor memory and executive function impairments. The authors advocate a neurodevelopmental assessment approach in all phases of life, and explain how to perform such assessments. The identification of ADHD in adults with other psychiatric and neurological disorders will lead to a better response to treatments, and as a result reduce its social, economic and personal burden. ADHD can no longer be considered solely a pediatric condition, as it occurs in a significant proportion of adults worldwide. However, ADHD in adults is often unrecognized and untreated. Diagnosing the disorder in adulthood is a challenge, due not only to the different clinical presentation in this phase of life, but also to the fact that other conditions may mask the symptoms. ADHD constitutes a hidden comorbidity with a detrimental impact of those affected, and a poor response (or even non-response) to several treatments. Intended for psychiatrists, neurologists, specialists in gerontology and neuropsychology, this book is an indispensable resource for all mental health practitioners who want to optimize the treatment of patients affected by psychiatric and neurological disorders who respond poorly to standard treatments.

Download or read book Post Traumatic Stress Disorder written by Charles B. Nemeroff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together the leaders in the field of PTSD research to present an up-to-date summary and understanding of this complex disorder. All of our current knowledge and controversies concerning the diagnosis, epidemiology, course, pathophysiology and treatment are described in detail. The evidence for efficacy for each of the different forms of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to at-risk groups, including minorities, and coverage of PTSD throughout the world is reviewed as well. The authors present state-of-the-art findings in genetics, epigenetics, neurotransmitter function and brain imaging to provide the most current and comprehensive review of this burgeoning field.

Download or read book Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD written by John Preston Wilson and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2004-07-12 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative volume meets a key need for anyone providing treatment services or conducting research in the area of trauma and PTSD, including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, clinical social workers, and students in these fields. It is an invaluable text for courses in stress and trauma, abuse and victimization, or abnormal psychology, as well as clinical psychology practica.

Download or read book Neuropsychology written by Sandra Koffler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and critical review of the recent literature in selected topics in clinical neuropsychology. The chapters, written by authors with a history of scholarship and expertise, will review recent articles applicable to clinical neuropsychology and related disciplines, having sufficient theoretical importance to influence the direction of practice and future investigations.

Download or read book Neuropsychological Assessment of Work Related Injuries written by Shane S. Bush and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-01-26 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique in its focus, this book provides an evidence-based framework for assessing work-related neurological and psychological injuries. Meeting a key need, chapters address a range of problems encountered in the workplace: traumatic brain injury, sports concussion, electrical injury, exposure to neurotoxic substances, posttraumatic stress, depression, and brain and psychological injuries experienced in combat. Professionals will find the best available tools and strategies for conducting effective, ethical evaluations of injured workers, making diagnostic determinations, considering causality, determining disability status, and offering treatment recommendations. The complexities of consulting to attorneys, government agencies, and insurance companies are also discussed.

Download or read book Motor Vehicle Collisions Medical Psychosocial and Legal Consequences written by Melanie P Duckworth and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-07-01 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motor Vehicle Collisions: Medical, Psychosocial, and Legal Consequences is a comprehensive review of the motor vehicle collision (MVC) experience and includes chapters relevant to the assessment and treatment of multiple consequences of MVC involvement, including medical, psychosocial, and legal difficulties. The book is designed to be accessible to both clinicians and researchers interested in the study of MVCs and in the management of MVC-related problems. The aim of this book is to capture the MVC experience from a multidisciplinary perspective, This book will serve as a necessary reference for physicians, rehabilitation specialists, allied medical professionals, psychologists, and lawyers. Presents the complete chronology of an MVC from immediate aftermath to chronic disability Details evidence-based assessment and treatment practices across disciplines Addresses cultural factors that influence assessment and treatment of MVC sufferers