Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone Variability written by Kirill I︠A︡kovlevich Kondratʹev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-04 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well known that the ozone layer protects the Earth and its life from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the sun. It has also been discovered that this layer was being depleted to the extent that holes were appearing in it by several substances (such as CFCs) which have since been banned. Despite this action recent studies have shown that the ozone layer is still being depleted at a rapid rate and that holes are now beginning to appear over areas which are quite densely populated. Atmospheric Ozone Variability examines the potential problems that depletion of ozone causes in relation to climate change, human health and the ecosystem. It also examines the ways in which ozone is formed and depleted as being fundamental to the debate.
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Ozone written by Arthur Philip Cracknell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The destruction of the ozone layer, together with global warming, is one of the hot environmental topics of today. This book examines the effect of human activities on atmospheric ozone, namely the increase of tropospheric ozone and the general diminution of stratospheric ozone and the production of the Antarctic ozone hole. Also discussed is the role of remote sensing techniques in the understanding of the effects of human activities on atmospheric ozone as well as in the development of social and political awareness of the damage to the ozone layer by man-made chemicals, principally CFCs. This led to the formulation and ratification in 1989 of the Montreal Protocol on controlling/banning the manufacture and use of chemicals that damage the ozone layer. Since then, remote sensing has played a key role in monitoring atmospheric ozone concentration and determining the success of the Montreal Protocol in protecting the ozone layer from further damage. In this book, the renowned authors discuss the sophisticated instruments that have been launched into space to study not only ozone but also other trace gases in the atmosphere, some of which play a key role in the generation and destruction of ozone in the atmosphere. Professors Cracknell and Varotsos also examine the satellite-flown instruments which are involved in monitoring the absorption of solar ultraviolet light in the atmosphere in relation both to the generation and destruction of ozone and consequently to human health. This scholarly book, written by the foremost experts in the field, looks at remote sensing and its employment in the various aspects of ozone science. It is widely acknowledged that global warming, due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions, represents a threat to the sustainability of human life on Earth. However, many other threats are potentially just as serious, including atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion, water pollution, the degradation of agricultural land, deforestation, the depletion of the world's mineral resources and population growth.
Download or read book Earth Science and Applications from Space written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-01 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and human-induced changes in Earth's interior, land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans affect all aspects of life. Understanding these changes requires a range of observations acquired from land-, sea-, air-, and space-based platforms. To assist NASA, NOAA, and USGS in developing these tools, the NRC was asked to carry out a "decadal strategy" survey of Earth science and applications from space that would develop the key scientific questions on which to focus Earth and environmental observations in the period 2005-2015 and beyond, and present a prioritized list of space programs, missions, and supporting activities to address these questions. This report presents a vision for the Earth science program; an analysis of the existing Earth Observing System and recommendations to help restore its capabilities; an assessment of and recommendations for new observations and missions for the next decade; an examination of and recommendations for effective application of those observations; and an analysis of how best to sustain that observation and applications system.
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone Variability in the Context of Global Change written by K. Ya Kondratyev and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone written by Onkar N. Singh and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone Dynamics written by Costas Varotsos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing allllo~/allce because of the anthropogenically induced ozone depletion and relevant illcrca5e of the surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation (including erythemal part of the UV spectrum) has resulted in the growth of interest to total ozone (TOZ) surface and satellite observations, surface UV measurements (with an emphasis on UV -B) and. the interpretation of observation results to assess potential impacts of the UV radiation enhancement on man and biosphere. The significance of this phenomenon is diJIcrent in various cowltries. Special attention has been paid, for instance, to ozone depletion and UV radiation increase at high latitudes (this problem has also been discussed during the Workshop). It is equally clear, however, that low and mid-latitude environmental dynamics requires carefuU monitoring and assessment of environm(:ntal trends as well. Such a conclusion is especially true for the Mediterranean Region where numerous resort places are located and subject to excessive levels of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation. This is why the NATO Advanced Rcsearch Workshop "Ground-Level and Satellite Ozone Observations: Changes in the Mediterranean Region" was organized and took place in Athens (Grcccc) during the Lime period 31 October -4 November 1995. It should be pointed out, however, that presentations discussed during the Workshop went far beyond the regional scale of consideration. This has been very important, because it opened an opportwlity to analyse the Mediterrane:an environmental situation in the broader contcx1 of the European global changes.
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone 1985 continued Climatological means and variability of the middle atmosphere written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Observations and Photochemistry of Atmospheric Ozone and Their Meteorological Significance written by Richard A. Craig and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objects of the American Meteorological Society are "the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals." The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.
Download or read book Ozone Evolution in the Past and Future written by Eugene Rozanov and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stratospheric ozone is important for the protection of the biosphere from the dangerous ultraviolet radiation of the sun, forms the temperature and dynamical structure of the stratosphere, and, therefore, has a direct influence on the general circulation and the surface climate. The tropospheric ozone can damage the biosphere, impact human health, and plays a role as a powerful greenhouse gas. That is why the understanding of the past and future evolution of the ozone in different atmospheric layers, as well as its influence on surface UV radiation doses, and human health is important. The problems of preventing further destruction of the ozone layer, the restoration of the ozone shield in the future, and air quality remain important for society. The interest in these problems was recently enhanced by the unexpected discovery of a negative ozone trend in the lower stratosphere and the appearance of a large ozone hole over the Arctic in spring 2020. This book includes papers describing several aspects of the ozone layer’s state and evolution based on the recent experimental, statistical, and modeling works. The book will be useful for readers, scientists, and students interested in environmental science.
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Dynamics written by David G. Andrews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
Download or read book Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.
Download or read book Seasonal and Geographic Variation of Atmospheric Ozone Derived from Nimbus 3 written by C. Prabhakara and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nimbus 3 infrared interferometer spectrometer (IRIS)measurements of the intensities in the 9.6-pn region are used to derive the ozone content in the atmosphere between latitudes SOON and 80's. The global distribution of total ozone was mapped for eight days in April and eight days in July 1969. These global maps of total ozone are compared with the upper-air oonstant pressure maps to emphasize the meteorological significance of the ozone variations in time and space. The total ozone has a minimum value of about 0.25 cm STP in the equatorial regions and increases markedly toward both poles. In the Arctic region, the total ozone in the spring time is well above 0.5 cm STP, while in summer it is about 0.4 cm STP. An eight-day mean global map of total ozone for April 1969 clearly reveals the presence of climatological large-scale ozone systems in the atmosphere. Another such map, for July 1969, shows that these systems have weakened considerably in the northern hemisphere. Seasonal variability in the total ozone over the southern hemisphere is much less pronounced. Close association between the total-ozone systems and tropospheric weather systems is shown for several cases. From this study, it is concluded that the atmospheric ozone, remotely sensed by satellites, can be used as a meteorological parameter to diagnose the present state of the atmosphere, and, thereby, aid weather prediction.
Download or read book Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Atmospheric Ozone Its Variation and Human Influences Algarve Portugal October 1 13 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone A Microview written by Johnson Jeyakumar Vijayalakshmi KartharinalPunithavathy and published by Archers & Elevators Publishing House. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ozone in the Atmosphere written by Peter Fabian and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Fabian and Martin Dameris provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of established scientific knowledge about ozone in the atmosphere. They present both ozone changes and trends in the stratosphere, as well as the effects of overabundance in the troposphere including the phenomenon of photosmog. Aspects such as photochemistry, atmospheric dynamics and global ozone distribution as well as various techniques for ozone measurement are treated. The authors outline the various causes for ozone depletion, the effects of ozone pollution and the relation to climate change. The book provides a handy reference guide for researchers active in atmospheric ozone research and a useful introduction for advanced students specializing in this field. Non-specialists interested in this field will also profit from reading the book. Peter Fabian can look back on a life-long active career in ozone research, having first gained international recognition for his measurements of the global distribution of halogenated hydrocarbons. He also pioneered photosmog investigations in the metropolitan areas of Munich, Berlin, Athens and Santiago de Chile, and his KROFEX facility provided controlled ozone fumigation of adult tree canopies for biologists to investigate the effects of ozone increases on forests. Besides having published a broad range of scientific articles, he has also been the author or editor of numerous books. From 2002 to 2005 he served the European Geosciences Union (EGU) as their first and Founding President. Martin Dameris is a prominent atmospheric modeler whose interests include the impacts of all kinds of natural and man-made disturbances on the atmospheric system. His scientific work focuses on the connections between ozone and climate changes. For many years he has been an active contributor to the WMO scientific ozone depletion assessments, which have been used to monitor the depletion and recovery of the ozone layer in accordance with the Montreal Protocol.
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone written by Christos S. Zerefos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 869 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Quadrennial Ozone Symposium held in Halkidiki, Greece, September 3-7, 1984
Download or read book Analysis of Ozone and Water Vapor Field Measurement Data written by Rudolf Penndorf and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
