Download or read book Assessing Effect of Resolution and Rainfall at Plot and Watershed Scales in Hydrologic Modeling written by Maneesh Sharma and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2007 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Resolution Rainfall And Scales in Hydrologic Modelling written by Maneesh Sharma and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study assessed the effect of digital elevation model (DEM) resolution along with rainfall intensity and storm size on modeling hydrologic processes at plot and subwatershed scales in the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in SE Arizona. At the plot scale, ground based LiDAR data were used to generate 1 cm resolution Digital Surface models (DSM). A vegetation removal method was developed which used a slope threshold and a focal mean filter to remove vegetation to create the DEMs. Validation of the method showed an error of 7 mm. KINEROS2, was used to model the hydrologic processes at both plot and subwatershed scales. In this study, a 10 m resolution DEM was high enough resolution to model the surface runoff processes at the subwatershed scale, while at the plot scale 5 cm resolution was high enough to model the surface runoff processes"
Download or read book Quantification of Hydrologic Processes and Assessment of Rainfall runoff Models in Miami Dade County Florida written by David A. Chin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Watershed Scale Climate Change Projections for Use in Hydrologic Studies written by Muhammad Zia ur Rahman Hashmi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Circulation Models (GCMs) are considered the most reliable source to provide the necessary data for climate change studies. At present, there is a wide variety of GCMs, which can be used for future projections of climate change using different emission scenarios. However, for assessing the hydrological impacts of climate change at the watershed and the regional scale, the GCM outputs cannot be used directly due to the mismatch in the spatial resolution between the GCMs and hydrological models. In order to use the output of a GCM for conducting hydrological impact studies, downscaling is used to convert the coarse spatial resolution of the GCM output into a fine resolution. In broad terms, downscaling techniques can be classified as dynamical downscaling and statistical downscaling. Statistical downscaling approaches are further classified into three broad categories, namely: (1) weather typing; (2) weather generators; and (3) multiple regression-based. For the assessment of hydrologic impacts of climate change at the watershed scale, statistical downscaling is usually preferred over dynamical downscaling as station scale information required for such studies may not be directly obtained through dynamical downscaling. Among the variables commonly downscaled, precipitation downscaling is still quite challenging, which has been recognised by many recent studies. Moreover, statistical downscaling methods are usually considered to be not very effective for simulation of precipitation, especially extreme precipitation events. On the other hand, the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are very likely to be impacted by envisaged climate change in most parts of the world, thus posing the risk of increased floods and droughts. In this situation, hydrologists should only rely on those statistical downscaling tools that are equally efficient for simulating mean precipitation as well as extreme precipitation events. There is a wide variety of statistical downscaling methods available under the three categories mentioned above, and each method has its strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, no single method has been developed which is considered universal for all kinds of conditions and all variables. In this situation there is a need for multi-model downscaling studies to produce probabilistic climate change projections rather than a point estimate of a projected change. In order to address some of the key issues in the field of statistical downscaling research, this thesis study includes the evaluation of two well established and popular downscaling models, i.e. the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) and Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG), in terms of their ability to downscale precipitation, with its mean and extreme characteristics, for the Clutha River watershed in New Zealand. It also presents the development of a novel statistical downscaling tool using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) and compares its performance with the SDSM-a widely used tool of similar nature. The GEP downscaling model proves to be a simpler and more efficient solution for precipitation downscaling than the SDSM model. Also, a major part of this study comprises of an evaluation of all the three downscaling models i.e. the SDSM, the LARS-WG and the GEP, in terms of their ability to simulate and downscale the frequency of extreme precipitation events, by fitting a Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) distribution to the annual maximum data obtained from the three models. Out of the three models, the GEP model appears to be the least efficient in simulating the frequency of extreme precipitation events while the other two models show reasonable capability in this regard. Furthermore, the research conducted for this thesis explores the development of a novel probabilistic multi-model ensemble of the three downscaling models, involved in the thesis study, using a Bayesian statistical framework and presents probabilistic projections of precipitation change for the Clutha watershed. In this way, the thesis endeavoured to contribute in the ongoing research related to statistical downscaling by addressing some of the key modern day issues highlighted by other leading researchers.
Download or read book Flood Assessment written by Eric W. Harmsen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-22 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About 7,000 people lose their lives and nearly 100 million people are adversely affected by floods each year worldwide. Flooding occurs in almost every part of the world and is the result of extreme rainfall. Severe flooding also costs billions of dollars each year in damage and economic losses. This new volume focuses on two detailed studies that employ physically based hydrologic models to predict flooding in the particularly challenging environment of small watersheds with mountainous terrain and high intensity/high variability rainfall.
Download or read book Impacts of Physical Processes Across Scales on Water Budgets in Hydrological Modeling written by Jianzhong Guo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrologic Modeling written by Vijay P Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-19 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains seven parts. The first part deals with some aspects of rainfall analysis, including rainfall probability distribution, local rainfall interception, and analysis for reservoir release. Part 2 is on evapotranspiration and discusses development of neural network models, errors, and sensitivity. Part 3 focuses on various aspects of urban runoff, including hydrologic impacts, storm water management, and drainage systems. Part 4 deals with soil erosion and sediment, covering mineralogical composition, geostatistical analysis, land use impacts, and land use mapping. Part 5 treats remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) applications to different hydrologic problems. Watershed runoff and floods are discussed in Part 6, encompassing hydraulic, experimental, and theoretical aspects. Water modeling constitutes the concluding Part 7. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Xinanjiang, and Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) models are discussed. The book is of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field of water resources, hydrology, environmental resources, agricultural engineering, watershed management, earth sciences, as well as those engaged in natural resources planning and management. Graduate students and those wishing to conduct further research in water and environment and their development and management find the book to be of value.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Clouds and Precipitation written by Constantin Andronache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current applications of remote sensing techniques for clouds and precipitation for the benefit of students, educators, and scientists. It covers ground-based systems such as weather radars and spaceborne instruments on satellites. Measurements and modeling of precipitation are at the core of weather forecasting, and long-term observations of the cloud system are vital to improving atmospheric models and climate projections. The first section of the book focuses on the use of ground-based weather radars to observe and measure precipitation and to detect and forecast storms, thunderstorms, and tornadoes. It also discusses the observation of clouds using ground-based millimeter radar. The second part of the book concentrates on spaceborne remote sensing of clouds and precipitation. It includes cases from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, using satellite radars to observe precipitation systems. Then, the focus is on global cloud observations from the ClaudSat, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), including a perspective on the Earth Clouds, Aerosols, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite. It also addresses global atmospheric water vapor profiling for clear and cloudy conditions using microwave observations. The final part of this volume provides a perspective into advances in cloud modeling using remote sensing observations.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statistical Downscaling for Hydrological and Environmental Applications written by Taesam Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is typically understood and modeled using global climate models (GCMs), but the outputs of these models in terms of hydrological variables are only available on coarse or large spatial and time scales, while finer spatial and temporal resolutions are needed to reliably assess the hydro-environmental impacts of climate change. To reliably obtain the required resolutions of hydrological variables, statistical downscaling is typically employed. Statistical Downscaling for Hydrological and Environmental Applications presents statistical downscaling techniques in a practical manner so that both students and practitioners can readily utilize them. Numerous methods are presented, and all are illustrated with practical examples. The book is written so that no prior background in statistics is needed, and it will be useful to graduate students, college faculty, and researchers in hydrology, hydroclimatology, agricultural and environmental sciences, and watershed management. It will also be of interest to environmental policymakers at the local, state, and national levels, as well as readers interested in climate change and its related hydrologic impacts. Features: Examines how to model hydrological events such as extreme rainfall, floods, and droughts at the local, watershed level. Explains how to properly correct for significant biases with the observational data normally found in current Global Climate Models (GCMs). Presents temporal downscaling from daily to hourly with a nonparametric approach. Discusses the myriad effects of climate change on hydrological processes.
Download or read book Scale Issues in Hydrological Modelling written by J. D. Kalma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-09-11 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing need for appropriate models which address the management of land and water resources and ecosystems at large space and time scales. Theories of non-linear hydrological processes must be extrapolated to large-scale, three-dimensional natural systems such as drainage basins, flood plains and wetlands. This book reports on recent progress in research on scale issues in hydrological modelling. It brings together 27 papers from two special issues of the journal Hydrological Processes. The book makes a significant contribution towards developing research strategies for linking model parameterisations across a range of temporal and spatial scales. The papers selected for this book reflect the tremendous advances which have been made in research into scale issues in hydrological modelling during the last ten years.
Download or read book Hillslope and Watershed Hydrology written by Christopher J. Duffy and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Hillslope and Watershed Hydrology" that was published in Water
Download or read book Assessing the Effects of Scale in Operational Hydrologic Modeling written by Theresa M. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the authors' work in the area of distributed modeling is to determine the manner in which rainfall input and model parameter uncertainty shapes the character of the flow simulation and prediction uncertainty of distributed models. Toward this end and as a tool for the investigation, a distributed model, HRCDHM, has been formulated and tested as part of the NOAA Distributed Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP). This paper examines hourly flow simulations from HRCDHM applied with operational data obtained for the DMIP study watersheds.
Download or read book Hydrologic Modeling of Small Watersheds written by Charles Thomas Haan and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Required Accuracy of Digital Elevation Data for Hydrologic Modeling written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of vertical accuracy of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) on hydrologic models is evaluated by comparing three DEMs and resulting hydrologic model predictions applied to a 7.2 sq km USDA - ARS watershed at Mahantango Creek, PA. The high resolution (5 m) DEM was resempled to a 30 m resolution using method that constrained the spatial structure of the elevations to be comparable with the USGS and SIR-C DEMs. This resulting 30 m DEM was used as the reference product for subsequent comparisons. Spatial fields of directly derived quantities, such as elevation differences, slope, and contributing area, were compared to the reference product, as were hydrologic model output fields derived using each of the three DEMs at the common 30 m spatial resolution. Kenward, T. and Lettenmaier, D. P. Unspecified Center TERRAIN; ACCURACY; DIGITAL DATA; ELEVATION; HYDROLOGY MODELS; TOPOGRAPHY; GEOMORPHOLOGY; RESOLUTION; VEGETATION; SLOPES; WATERSHEDS; SPATIAL RESOLUTION; SHUTTLE IMAGING RADAR; HIGH RESOLUTION; DRAINAGE...
Download or read book Integrated Assessment of Scale Impacts of Watershed Intervention written by V. Ratna Reddy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Assessment of Scale Impacts of Watershed Interventions is the outcome of a multi-disciplinary research team of social scientists, hydrologists (groundwater and surface water), modellers; and bio-physical scientists who have worked together over five years to develop an integrated model of the sustainability of biophysical, economic and social impacts of watersheds. Impacts of watershed interventions are assessed at upstream, mid-stream and downstream locations of two hydrological units that are characterised with differential bio-physical attributes. The editors propose that watershed interventions, when integrated with hydro-geology and bio-physical aspects, have greater influence on the resilience of the socio-ecological system. This book takes these aspects in to consideration and in the process provides insights in to watershed design and implementation. Integrates hydrogeology, bio-physical, and socioeconomic aspects of watersheds in a hydrological context Provides a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of watershed interventions Assesses the role of watershed interventions in enhancing household resilience Provides hydrological and socio-economic methodologies for design of sustainble watershed interventions including scale and institutional arrangements for implementing and sustaining watershed interventions
Download or read book Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales written by Dengfeng Liu and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2023-03-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is a key topic in the field of hydrology. The hydrological model is an important tool in understanding the impact of climate change and human activities on rainfall-runoff processes, and especially on water resources for human beings in a changing environment. In the last two decades, with the development of satellite remote sensing and artificial intelligence, many new datasets and methods have been introduced into hydrological modeling. Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is an important and fundamental research field in hydrology. Therefore, we proposed a Special Issue entitled "Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales" in Water to publish results regarding the recent progress in hydrological modeling at the watershed scale against global changes. Before the deadline for the submission of manuscripts to this Special Issue, we received many manuscripts regarding hydrological modeling at the watershed scale. In total, ten articles have been published in this Special Issue. Researchers interested in hydrological modeling and the impacts of environmental changes on water resources may be interested in this reprint.
