Download or read book Arctic Ocean Research and Supporting Facilities written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1995 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Arctic Ocean Research and Supporting Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-03-14 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has enduring national and strategic interests in the polar regions, including citizens living above the Arctic circle and three year-round scientific stations in the Antarctic. Polar icebreaking ships are needed to access both regions. Over the past several decades, the U.S. government has supported a fleet of four icebreakersâ€"three multi-mission U.S. Coast Guard ships (the POLAR SEA, POLAR STAR, and HEALY) and the National Science Foundation's PALMER, which is dedicated solely to scientific research. Today, the POLAR STAR and the POLAR SEA are at the end of their service lives, and a lack of funds and no plans for an extension of the program has put U.S. icebreaking capability at risk. This report concludes that the United States should continue to support its interests in the Arctic and Antarctic for multiple missions, including maintaining leadership in polar science. The report recommends that the United States immediately program, budget, design, and construct two new polar icebreakers to be operated by the U.S. Coast Guard. The POLAR SEA should remain mission capable and the POLAR STAR should remain available for reactivation until the new polar icebreakers enter service. The U.S. Coast Guard should be provided sufficient operations and maintenance budget to support an increased, regular, and influential presence in the Arctic, with support from other agencies. The report also calls for a Presidential Decision Directive to clearly align agency responsibilities and budgetary authorities.
Download or read book The Arctic in the Anthropocene written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once ice-bound, difficult to access, and largely ignored by the rest of the world, the Arctic is now front and center in the midst of many important questions facing the world today. Our daily weather, what we eat, and coastal flooding are all interconnected with the future of the Arctic. The year 2012 was an astounding year for Arctic change. The summer sea ice volume smashed previous records, losing approximately 75 percent of its value since 1980 and half of its areal coverage. Multiple records were also broken when 97 percent of Greenland's surface experienced melt conditions in 2012, the largest melt extent in the satellite era. Receding ice caps in Arctic Canada are now exposing land surfaces that have been continuously ice covered for more than 40,000 years. What happens in the Arctic has far-reaching implications around the world. Loss of snow and ice exacerbates climate change and is the largest contributor to expected global sea level rise during the next century. Ten percent of the world's fish catches comes from Arctic and sub-Arctic waters. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated that up to 13 percent of the world's remaining oil reserves are in the Arctic. The geologic history of the Arctic may hold vital clues about massive volcanic eruptions and the consequent release of massive amount of coal fly ash that is thought to have caused mass extinctions in the distant past. How will these changes affect the rest of Earth? What research should we invest in to best understand this previously hidden land, manage impacts of change on Arctic communities, and cooperate with researchers from other nations? The Arctic in the Anthropocene reviews research questions previously identified by Arctic researchers, and then highlights the new questions that have emerged in the wake of and expectation of further rapid Arctic change, as well as new capabilities to address them. This report is meant to guide future directions in U.S. Arctic research so that research is targeted on critical scientific and societal questions and conducted as effectively as possible. The Arctic in the Anthropocene identifies both a disciplinary and a cross-cutting research strategy for the next 10 to 20 years, and evaluates infrastructure needs and collaboration opportunities. The climate, biology, and society in the Arctic are changing in rapid, complex, and interactive ways. Understanding the Arctic system has never been more critical; thus, Arctic research has never been more important. This report will be a resource for institutions, funders, policy makers, and students. Written in an engaging style, The Arctic in the Anthropocene paints a picture of one of the last unknown places on this planet, and communicates the excitement and importance of the discoveries and challenges that lie ahead.
Download or read book Arctic Oceans Research written by United States. Congress. Senate. National Ocean Policy Study and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responding to Oil Spills in the U S Arctic Marine Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.
Download or read book Arctic Research of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Research Fiscal Year 1968 written by National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Opportunities and Priorities in Arctic Geoscience written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is broad agreement in the scientific community that the solid earth beneath the Arctic Ocean basin contains answers to major unsolved problems in the earth sciences and that many of these pertain to questions that are of global scientific significance or pressing societal concern. Recent political and technological developments, including the end of the Cold War and the prospective availability of nuclear submarines and powerful icebreakers for use as research platforms, appear to provide remedies for formidable obstacles of communication and access in harsh environmental conditions. This book recommends that the Arctic Ocean basin and its margins be the focus of a research program in three stages of study based on selected criteria: geologic framework and tectonic evolution, the sedimentary record and environmental history, and arctic geologic processes and environmental indicators.
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 1997 National Science Foundation Office of Science and Technology Policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Icebreakers written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Navigation and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 1997 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Overview of Federal Ship Chartering Practices written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 1998 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hearings written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 2442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Independent Offices and Department of Housing and Urban Development Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1968 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 2000 National Science Foundation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
