Download or read book Application of Different Types of Solvents for Heavy Oil Recovery written by Kwang Hoon Baek and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various challenges in heavy oil recovery come from the low mobility of reservoir oil. For example, the heavy-oil displacement by water results in a large mobility ratio and therefore, inefficient volumetric sweep. Polymer flooding is the traditional method to improve the frontal stability of the oil displacement, but the polymer mobility is often optimized to be greater than the oil mobility because increasing the polymer viscosity adversely affects the oil production rate. The low mobility of reservoir oil also results in a large amount of steam required in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), one of the commercially successful methods of bitumen recovery. This research investigated the application of unconventional solvents for heavy oil recovery, such as dimethyl ether (DME), organic alkalis, and surface active solvents (SAS), as a potential additive to the injection fluid. These solvents are not conventionally used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The first part of the dissertation presents potential methods of improving the efficiency of SAGD by using water-soluble solvents. Phase-behavior data were obtained for mixtures of bitumen and water-soluble solvents. Experimental results indicated that use of organic alkalis at low concentrations (e.g., 0.5 wt% pyrrolidine) in low-salinity brine can yield efficient emulsification of bitumen in water. The affinity of the organic alkali for asphaltic bitumen was important for oil-in-water emulsification at a wide range of temperatures. The second part of the dissertation presents a potential method of improving polymer flooding by SAS that reduces the interfacial tension (IFT) between the oleic and aqueous phases. Results showed that the IFT reduction by three orders of magnitude (i.e., 15.8 to 0.025 dynes/cm) gave a reduced residual oil saturation and a delayed polymer breakthrough in polymer flooding experiments with no preceding water flood. When the straight polymer flooding resulted in an oil recovery factor of 47% at 1.0 pore-volume injected (PVI), the SAS-improved polymer flooding increased it to 63% with a SAS slug of 0.1 wt% for 0.5 PVI or 0.5 wt% for 0.1 PVI

Download or read book Solvents and Explosives to Recover Heavy Oil written by Larman J. Heath and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applicability of Solvent Assisted Polymer Flooding to Improve Heavy Oil Recovery written by Venous Vafaei and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Novel Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery written by Adel Mohsenzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heavy Oil bitumen Recovery by Alternate Injection of Steam and Solvent hydrocarbon and CO subscript 2 in Fractured Carbonates and Oilsands written by Khosrow Naderi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world energy demand is constantly increasing and fossil fuels are still by far the main energy resource that supplies the world energy consumption market, therefore increasing oil recovery from all types of reservoirs is an important matter. The burning of fossil fuels for energy purposes, on the other hand, emerges another issue: the accumulation of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere which is considered to be the primary cause of climate change. CO[subscript 2] sequestration is a way of mitigating this greenhouse gas from the environment and storing it in underground reservoirs. Naturally fractured reservoirs may be worthy locations for CO[subscript 2] storage and if a suitable method of injection is applied, both oil recovery and CO[subscript 2] sequestration goals can be met simultaneously. Steam-Over-Solvent Injection in Fractured Reservoirs (SOS-FR) is a recently proposed method for heavy oil recovery from fractured reservoirs. This method normally consists of three phases: Phase-I, initial thermal phase that produces oil by thermal expansion and viscosity reduction; Phase-II, solvent phase to dilute and drain oil and; Phase-III, final thermal phase for additional oil recovery and solvent retrieval. This dissertation extends and modifies the SOS-FR method to employ CO[subscript 2] as solvent through extensive experimental and numerical analyses. The experiments were conducted under various pressure and temperature conditions on different porous media including preserved oilsand ores, unconsolidated sandpacks, sandstone, and carbonate cores. While CO[subscript 2] was of central interest, different solvent types were investigated to form a range of comparisons. Solvents were examined in both liquid and gas forms. Temperature was changed for thermal stages to consider hot water, low temperature steam, and high temperature steam. Pressure was also changed in solvent stage. Oil, gas, and porous medium analysis were performed to see the effects of SOS-FR on fluid and matrix properties, as well. Numerical analysis was also done for history matching of experimental data and field scale application of this method to see the results of various injection schemes on both oil recovery and CO[subscript 2] sequestration in larger scales. This work presents the applicability of carbon dioxide as solvent in the SOS-FR method which gives acceptable oil recoveries while reducing the costs of solvent and steam with an additional value of CO[subscript 2] storage in naturally fractured reservoirs or post-CHOPS oilsands applications. It is shown that the method is viable and effective for a wide range of applications from unconsolidated sands to fractured carbonates containing heavy-oil and bitumen through vigilant selection of steam-solvent injection strategy ad solvent type under general SOS-FR concept.

Download or read book Heavy Oil Recovery Using Solvents and Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovations in Enhanced and Improved Oil Recovery New Advances written by Mansoor Zoveidavianpoor and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-04-24 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book navigates the evolving landscape of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and Improved Oil Recovery (IOR), covering diverse topics such as lithological dynamics in CO2-EOR, the impact of asphaltene precipitation in WAG implementation, progress in CO2-EOR and storage technology, in situ foam generation for unconventional fractured reservoirs, electromagnetic radiation effects on heavy oil upgrading, advancements in hydraulic fracturing, in situ synthesis of nanoparticles, and operational insights in the Bakken Shale. This comprehensive volume serves as an indispensable resource for professionals and researchers in the ever-changing field of enhanced and improved oil recovery.

Download or read book Heavy Oil Recovery and Upgrading written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy Oil Recovery and Upgrading covers properties, factors, methods and all current and upcoming processes, giving engineers, new and experienced, the full spectrum of recovery choices, including SAGD, horizontal well technology, and hybrid approaches. Moving on to the upgrading and refining of the product, the book also includes information on in situ upgrading, refining options, and hydrogen production. Rounding out with environmental effects, management methods on refinery waste, and the possible future configurations within the refinery, this book provides engineers with a single source to make decisions and manage the full range of challenges. Presents the properties, mechanisms, screening criteria and field applications for heavy oil enhanced recovery projects Includes current upgrading options and future methods for refining heavy oil development Fills in the gaps between literature and practical application for everyday industry reference

Download or read book Development of Solvent Selection Criteria Based on Diffusion Rate Mixing Quality and Solvent Retrieval for Optimal Heavy oil and Bitumen Recovery at Different Temperatures written by Andrea Paola Marciales Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy-oil and bitumen recovery requires high recovery factors to offset the extreme high cost of the process. Attention has been given to solvent injection for this purpose and it has been observed that high recoveries are achievable when combined with steam injection. Heavier ("liquid") solvents (liquid at ambient conditions) are especially becoming more popular to be used in these processes due to availability and transportation. "Liquid" solvents are advantageous as they yield a better mixing quality (especially with very heavy-oils and bitumen) but a lower diffusion rate than lighter solvents like propane or butane. Despite this understanding, there is still not a clear screening criterion for solvent selection considering both diffusion rate and the quality of the mixture. Therefore, two main solvent selection criteria parameters--diffusion rate and mixing quality--were proposed to evaluate solvent injection efficiency at different temperatures for a defined set of solvent-heavy oil pairs of varying properties and composition. Diffusion rate, viscosity, and density reduction were among the test carried out through bulk liquid-liquid interaction. Then, core experiments at different temperatures were performed on Berea sandstone samples using the same set of oil-solvent pairs already defined to obtain the optimum carbon size (solvent type)-heavy oil combination that yields the highest recovery factor and the least asphaltene precipitation. Based on the fluid-fluid (solvent-heavy oil) interaction experiments and heavy-oil saturated rock-solvent interaction tests, the optimal solvent type was determined considering the fastest diffusion and best mixing quality for different oil-solvent combinations. In all these applications, the retrieval of expensive solvent is essential for the economics of the process. This led to a micro scale analysis to clarify the dynamics of solvent retrieval from matrix under variable temperatures at atmospheric pressure. The reasons of the entrapment of the solvent during this process were investigated for different wettability conditions, solvent type, and heating process carrying out visualization experiments on micromodels. The experimental and semi-analytical outcome of this research would be useful in determining the best solvent type for a given oil and in understanding the key factors that influence the quality of mixtures, including: (1) viscosity reduction and probable asphaltene precipitation, (2) the optimal solvent type considering the fastest recovery rate and ultimate recovery for different heavy oil-solvent combinations at different temperatures, and, (3) the visualization of the solvent recovery mechanisms at the pore scale.

Download or read book Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes for Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Xiaohu Dong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes for Heavy Oil Reservoirs, Volume 73 systematically introduces these technologies. As the development of heavy oil reservoirs is emphasized, the petroleum industry is faced with the challenges of selecting cost-effective and environmentally friendly recovery processes. This book tackles these challenges with the introduction and investigation of a variety of hybrid EOR processes. In addition, it addresses the application of these hybrid EOR processes in onshore and offshore heavy oil reservoirs, including theoretical, experimental and simulation approaches. This book will be very useful for petroleum engineers, technicians, academics and students who need to study the hybrid EOR processes, In addition, it will provide an excellent reference for field operations by the petroleum industry. Introduces emerging hybrid EOR processes and their technical details Includes case studies to help readers understand the application potential of hybrid EOR processes from different points-of-view Features theoretical, experimental and simulation studies to help readers understand the advantages and challenges of each process

Download or read book Mass Transfer Studies in Heavy Oil Recovery Using Solvents written by Vijitha Mohan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Heavy oil, sometimes called bitumen, is known for its high viscosity (above 100 cp) and low API gravity (below 22°). In most cases, viscosity reduction is needed for the final product. There is a considerable amount of heavy oil in Alberta, Canada and the world's largest heavy oil deposit is in Venezuela. Yet less than 1% of it can be recovered because of its high viscosity. For shallow reservoirs, it is possible to resort to open cast mining. For deeper reservoirs, steam is used at ~ 350 °C which gets the oil viscosity reduced to 1cp, which can now be drained out. This process requires large amount of water to make steam, the used water cannot be reused due to presence of high levels of bitumen in it and is currently leading to pollution. The recovered bitumen being highly viscous needs a diluent like naphtha for transportation. Therefore another method is devised which involves using gaseous or liquid solvents directly to bring down the viscosity of bitumen. One such method, vapor extraction (VAPEX) process uses gaseous solvents like hydrocarbon solvents and CO2 to reduce bitumen viscosity. Vaporized solvents is introduced laterally to bitumen to reduce its viscosity and the less viscous bitumen drains under gravity. Solubility of solvents in bitumen is analyzed first. As solvents solubilize, it diffuses into bitumen and the diffusivity is strongly concentration dependent. The concentration dependence of solvent diffusivity in bitumen is measured next. Knowing the solubility and diffusivity of solvents, a model is used next to simulate oil recovery. It predicts an optimum solvent for this oil recovery process"--Abstract, page iv.

Download or read book Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Patrizio Raffa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

Download or read book Mass Transfer Mechanisms During the Solvent Recovery of Heavy Oil written by Lesley Anne James and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada has the second largest proven oil reserves next to Saudi Arabia which is mostly located in Alberta and Saskatchewan but is unconventional heavy oil and bitumen. The tar sands are found at the surface and are mined, yet 80% of the 173 billion barrels of heavy oil and bitumen exist in-situ according to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP). Two factors inhibit the economic extraction and processing of Canadian heavy oil; its enormous viscosity ranging from 1000 to over 1 million mPa.s and the asphaltene content (high molecular weight molecules containing heavy metals and sulphur). Heavy oil and bitumen were only included in the reserves estimates through the efforts of Canadian enhanced oil recovery (EOR) research. Viscosity reduction is the one common element of in-situ methods of heavy oil recovery with the exception of cold production. Currently, steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) are being used commercially in the field where the oil's viscosity is reduced by injecting steam. Thermal methods are energy intensive requiring vast volumes of water such that any improvement would be beneficial. Solvent extraction is one alternative requiring no water, the solvent is recoverable and reusable, and depending on the mode of operation the heavy oil is upgraded in-situ. Vapour Extraction (VAPEX) and enhanced solvent extraction (N-SolvTM) are two such methods. VAPEX and N-Solv reduce the bitumen's viscosity via mass transfer and a combination of mass and heat transfer, respectively. A light hydrocarbon solvent (instead of steam) is injected into an upper horizontal well where the solvent mixes with the heavy oil, reduces its viscosity and allows the oil to drain under gravity to a bottom production well. The idea of using solvents for heavy oil extraction has been around since the 1970s and both VAPEX and N-Solv are patented processes. However, there is still much to be learned about how these processes physically work. Research to date has focused on varying system parameters (including model dimensions, permeability, heavy oil viscosity, solvent type and injection rate, etc.) to observe the effect on oil production from laboratory scale models. Based on an early mass balance model by Butler and Mokrys (1989) and an improvement by Das (1995), molecular diffusion alone cannot account for the produced oil rates observed from laboratory models. Until recently, very little progress had been made towards qualifying and quantifying the mass transfer mechanisms with the exception of the diffusivity of light hydrocarbons in heavy oil. Mass transfer can only be by diffusion and convection. Differentiating and quantifying the contribution of each is complex due to the nature and viscosity of the oil. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the mass transfer mechanisms during the solvent recovery of heavy oil.

Download or read book Solvent Processes in Refining Technology written by James G. Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-12 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the various solvent processes that are used in crude oil refineries. It presents the differences between each type of process and discusses the types of feedstock that can be used for the processes. This accessible guide is written for managers, professionals, and technicians as well as graduate students transitioning into the refining industry. . Key Features: • Describes the various steps that are necessary for the solvent treatment of various feedstocks in crude oil refineries. Brings the reader up to date and adds more data. Provides an extensive glossary. Considers next-generation processes and developments.

Download or read book Study of Ionic Liquids as Effective Solvents for Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery written by Ahmed Tunnish and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Injecting chemicals in reservoirs is an efficient technique to improve oil recovery. In this study, several types of Ionic Liquids (ILs) were initially screened using the Conductorlike Screening Model for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) model. COSMO-RS, in particular, is capable of providing predictions of the thermodynamics properties of ILs. A comprehensive screening study of 148 probable cations and 46 anions was performed in order to shed some light on the interaction of ILs with hydrocarbons via the calculation of the capacity of the screened ILs to hydrocarbons fractions and water. The most suitable ILs for our purposes were chosen, and employed for improving heavy oil (14o API) recovery from sand pack at room conditions taking the cost, physical and chemical properties of the ILs into consideration. The selected ILs were 1-Dodecyl-3- methylimidazolium chloride [DMIM][Cl], 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [EMIM][Ac], 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate [EMIM][MS], 1-Hexyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [HMIM][Bf4], 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [BMIM][Tf2N], 1-Methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [MOIM][Bf4], 1-Methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [MOIM][PF6], 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium tosylate [dMIM][TOS], 1-Benzyl-3- methylimidazolium tosylate [BenzMIM][TOS], N-methylpyridinium tosylate [MPyr][TOS], 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIM][Cl], 1-Benzyl-3- methylimidazolium chloride [BenzMIM][Cl], and Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride [THTDPh][Cl].

Download or read book An Improved Vapour Solvent Injection Technique for Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery written by Tao Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands, Second Edition, explores the importance of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and how it has grown in recent years thanks to the increased need to locate unconventional resources such as heavy oil and shale. Unfortunately, petroleum engineers and managers aren't always well-versed in the enhancement methods that are available when needed or the most economically viable solution to maximize their reservoir’s productivity. This revised new edition presents all the current methods of recovery available, including the pros and cons of each. Expanded and updated as a great preliminary text for the newcomer to the industry or subject matter, this must-have EOR guide teaches all the basics needed, including all thermal and non-thermal methods, along with discussions of viscosity, sampling, and the technologies surrounding offshore applications. Enables users to quickly learn how to choose the most efficient recovery method for their reservoir while evaluating economic conditions Presents the differences between each method of recovery with newly added real-world case studies from around the world Helps readers stay competitive with the growing need of extracting unconventional resources with new content on how these complex reservoirs interact with injected reservoir fluids