Download or read book Aphid Ecology An optimization approach written by A.F.G. Dixon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition covers the evolution of aphids and their development in relation to specific plants, thoroughly revised and expanded since the first highly successful edition. Increasing knowledge of aphids has revealed that they are ideal organisms to use when studying many topical ecological issues.
Download or read book Biology and Ecology of Aphids written by Andreas Vilcinskas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people know of aphids as garden pests, infesting the soft green tissues of plants in vast numbers and killing them by sucking out the sap. Indeed, among the 4000 or so known species of aphids about 250 are pests, and in temperate regions several are economically important agricultural pests that damage crops directly during feeding or act as v
Download or read book Aphids as Crop Pests 2nd Edition written by Helmut F van Emden and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aphids are among the major global pest groups, causing serious economic damage to many food and commodity crops in most parts of the world. This revision and update of the well-received first edition published ten years ago reflects the expansion of research in genomics, endosymbionts and semiochemicals, as well as the shift from control of aphids with insecticides to a more integrated approach imposed by increasing resistance in the aphids and government restrictions on pesticides. The book remains a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on the biology of aphids, the various methods of controlling them and the progress of integrated pest management as illustrated by ten case histories.
Download or read book Aphid Biodiversity under Environmental Change written by Pavel Kindlmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the results of recent research on aphid population dynamics and ecology relevant to current environmental changes resulting from global wa- ing. It incorporates a selection of the contributions presented at the International Symposium on Aphids in Fremantle, Australia, in October 2005, plus some ad- tional invited chapters. The objective was to incorporate the major issues in the ?eld and simultaneously create a closely interrelated and integrated volume. The ?rst chapter sets the scene. Kindlmann and Dixon present a critical review of existing models of aphid population dynamics, examine the biological assumptions that are incorporated in the models and present one of the latest models of aphid metapopulation dynamics. They conclude that natural enemies are unlikely to affect aphid population dynamics late in a season, but in some years may have an effect very early in the season, when aphid colonies are still small and predators might be able to reduce the numbers of colonies. The question, whether aphids will move to different locations, adapt to the change in conditions in their current habitat or go extinct is discussed by Ameixa. She concludes that the distributions of aphids are most likely to change, with the distribution of each species moving globally as their preferred habitat moves in response to changes in the climate, which may be more dif?cult than in the past because of habitat fragmentation and habitat loss.
Download or read book Aphid Ecology written by Anthony Frederick George Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Host selection; Size in aphids; Polymorphism; Cyclical parthenogenesis; Life-history patterns; Dispersal; Population dinamics; Community structure and species diversity; Epilogue.
Download or read book Aphids as Plant Pests From Biology to Green Control Technology written by Julian Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are one of the most important and destructive agriculture pests causing serious economic losses by both nutrient robbing and transmitting plant viruses. 100 species of Aphididae have exploited the agricultural environment successfully to the extent that they are of significant economic importance, among them 15 aphid species of most agricultural importance. Aphids are piecing-sucking insect pests with the mouthparts (stylets) to penetrate plant cells to feed phloem sap from sieve elements. The feeding process of aphids is similar to pathogen infestation, and plenty of evidence demonstrate that the interplay between aphid and host plants follows the pathogen-plant Zigzag model. During the process of probing and feeding, aphids, like plant pathogens, secreted some salivary proteins as effectors (or elicitors) into their host plants cell intercellularly and intracellularly to mediate aphid-plant interactions, such as eliciting or suppressing plant defense responses. Aphids also vector plant viruses, and the relationship between each organismal pair affects the overall outcome of this biological interaction. Aphids contained endosymbionts, and the symbionts influence interaction between the aphids and their host plants and between aphids and their natural enemies, further impacting this network of biological interactions. Advances in understanding aphids biology, and these interactions at the physiological, molecular, and ecological levels will provide fundamental knowledge, and develop novel green control strategies for insect pests as well as vector pathogens.
Download or read book Long Term Studies in Ecology written by Gene E. Likens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cary Conferences, as we have envisaged them, are different from most scientific meetings in that they provide a forum for major issues in ecology from a more philosophical point of view. It appears to many of us that ecologists have limited opportunities to come together in small groups to address in a more philosophical way some of the major questions and issues that matter very much to the future of humankind and to us as ecologists. Moreover, we hope that the setting ofthe Mary Flagler Cary Arboretum promotes strong interaction and dis cussion between Conference participants with a minimum of distraction. We are proud to make our facilities available for such meetings, and we hope that over the years these Conferences might provide direction and leadership for the whole field of ecology. We have the broad goal of attempting to advance the field of ecology by bringing together leading ecologists and other scientists to address major issues. The first Cary Conference, in 1985, considered the status and future of ecosystem science. This first Conference was rather loosely structured but was successful in stimulating discussion, ideas, and enthusiasm (Likens et al. , 1987). The goals for this second Cary Conference in 1987 were: 1. to identify the roles of long-term studies in ecology; 2. to identify the options for study of long-term ecological phenomena; 3.
Download or read book Aphid Predators written by Graham E. Rotheray and published by Naturalists' Handbooks. This book was released on 2024-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aphids and their colonies are excellent arenas in which to observe predators in action. A range of insects come to eat or parasitise the aphids or to drink their honeydew. 9781784275105 and 9781784275167 are digital reprints of 9780855462697 (1989).
Download or read book Dispersal Ecology written by British Ecological Society. Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispersal has become central to many questions in theoretical and applied ecology in recent years. In this volume a team of leading ecologists aim to provide the advanced student and researcher with a comprehensive review of dispersal and its implications for modern ecology.
Download or read book Advances in Ecological Research written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1992-03-25 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concepts and concerns regarding the global effects of a continued increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have enjoyed a high visibility in newspapers and scientific journals. This concern is now being translated into big-science projects. These international projects aim to understand better the processes of climate and ecosystem changes and impacts and are being designed under the aegis of the World Climate Research Programme and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme. Biological and climatic systems are intertwined in processes leading to impacts and feedbacks and so it has emerged that climatologists, atmospheric scientists, terrestrial and marine ecologists must collaborate in research programmes, else the bases of their future projections are incomplete. This special volume of Advances in Ecological Research brings together eight papers which propose and demonstrate the two major components of current climate change research, future prediction and interdisciplinary approach.
Download or read book Insect Populations In theory and in practice written by Jack P. Dempster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects are by far the largest group of animals on Earth, with over a million described species, and they occupy a wide range of ecological niches - they may be herbivores, predators, parasites or decomposers. Some are of particular economic importance as pests of agriculture and forestry, as vectors of animal and human disease, or as species of interest to wildlife conservation. Thus an understanding of the processes determining their numbers is of considerable practical value. Entomologists have played a leading role in developing a theoretical basis to Population Ecology, but we still do not have adequate experimental and observational proof for many of the theoretical ideas that have been proposed. As a result, the subject has been beset with arguments for more than 50 years. This volume attempts to reconcile some of these controversies, while also reviewing the current state of our knowledge. The editors have drawn together an international list of contributors whose views reflect a range of opinions on how natural populations are stabilised. They have succeeded in producing a book that both covers the main alternative views in population theory and contains some of the best recent field studies of insect populations. This Royal Entomological Society Symposium volume will be of great interest to all entomologists and ecologists, particularly those who wish to know more about Population Dynamics.
Download or read book Insect Herbivore Host Dynamics written by A. F. G. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 2005-05-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literature on the population dynamics of insect herbivores tends to favour a top-down regulation of abundance, owing much to the action of natural enemies. Originally published in 2005, this volume challenges this paradigm and argues that tree-dwelling species of aphids, through competition for resources, regulate their own abundance. The biology of tree-dwelling aphids is examined, particularly their adaptation to the seasonal development of their host plants. When host-plant quality is favourable, aphids, by telescoping generations, can achieve prodigious rates of increase which their natural enemies are unable to match. Using analyses of long-term population censuses and results of experiments, this book introduces students and research workers to insect herbivore-host dynamics using the interaction between aphids and trees as a model.
Download or read book Comparative Social Evolution written by Dustin R. Rubenstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-24 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Darwin famously described special difficulties in explaining social evolution in insects. More than a century later, the evolution of sociality - defined broadly as cooperative group living - remains one of the most intriguing problems in biology. Providing a unique perspective on the study of social evolution, this volume synthesizes the features of animal social life across the principle taxonomic groups in which sociality has evolved. The chapters explore sociality in a range of species, from ants to primates, highlighting key natural and life history data and providing a comparative view across animal societies. In establishing a single framework for a common, trait-based approach towards social synthesis, this volume will enable graduate students and investigators new to the field to systematically compare taxonomic groups and reinvigorate comparative approaches to studying animal social evolution.
Download or read book Functional Biology of Clonal Animals written by Roger Neville Hughes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-10-31 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clonal animals, that is those that are genetically identical, are of great importance in biology. The supposed evolutionary advantages of sexual versus asexual reproduction are one of the central paradoxes of current evolutionary theory. The evolved strategy of asexual reproduction includes a large number of diverse species in many different groups, for example aphids, guppies, planktonic rotifers and others.
Download or read book Insects a Very Short Introduction written by Simon R. Leather and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-03 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects are a fascinatingly diverse and beautiful group of animals. They are found on all continents, in caves, underground, inside other insects, in rivers, lakes, puddles, and in our houses. To date, over a million insect species have been named. In this Very Short Introduction, Simon Leather explores insects' evolution, behaviour, and development, highlighting their pivotal role in supporting ecosystems across the planet. He considers the threats of environmental change, including climate change, to insects globally and the potentially catastrophic impact of insect population declines.
Download or read book Insect Bioecology and Nutrition for Integrated Pest Management written by Antônio Ricardo Panizzi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of insect nutritional ecology has been defined by how insects deal with nutritional and non-nutritional compounds, and how these compounds influence their biology in evolutionary time. In contrast, Insect Bioecology and Nutrition for Integrated Pest Management presents these entomological concepts within the framework of integrated pest management (IPM). It specifically addresses bioecology and insect nutrition in modern agriculture. Written for graduate students and professionals in entomology, this book covers neotropical information in three sections: General Aspects: Basic bioecology and insect nutrition; artificial diets; insect/plant interactions; insect symbionts; the interface of chemical ecology with the food; and insect cannibalism Specific Aspects: Specific feeding guilds of insects including ants, social bees, leaf chewers, seed suckers, seed chewers, root feeders, gall makers, detritivorous feeders, pests of storage grains, fruit flies, aphids, endo- and ectoparasitoids, predators, crisopids, and hematophagous insects Applied Aspects: Host plant resistance and the design of IPM programs in the context of insect bioecology and nutrition Much of the research on which these chapters were written was done in Brazil and based on its neotropical fauna. The complexity and diversity of the neotropics provides enough data that readers from all zoogeographical regions can readily translate the information in this book to their specific conditions. The book’s value as an entry point for further research is enhanced by the inclusion of approximately 4,000 references.
Download or read book Vertical Food Web Interactions written by Konrad Dettner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past years, much work has been carried out on either life-history evolu tion or structure and function of food webs. However, most studies dealt with only one of these areas and often touched upon the other only marginally. In this volume, we try to synthesize aspects of both disciplines and will concen trate on how the interactions between organisms depend on their life-history strategies. Since this is a very comprehensive topic, this volume will focus on vertical interactions to remain within a clearly arranged field. We present some scenaria based on life-history variation of resource and consumer, and show how particular patterns of life-history combinations will lead to particular patterns in trophic relationships. We want to deal with the selective forces underlying these patterns: the degree of specificity of the consumers deter mines the dependence on its resource, and its adaptation to the spatial and temporal availability of the resource. In this respect, the spatial structure of the resource and its "quality" may play an important role. The impact of natural enemies is another important selective force which may influence the evolu tion of interactions between species and the structure of communities. Here, the acquirement of an enemy-free space may provide selective adavantages. The importance of the impact of enemies is also expressed by the development of numerous and sometimes very subtle defense strategies. This will be dem onstrated especially for various aspects of chemical ecology.
