Download or read book Ancillery Therapy Use and Trace Mineral Supplementation in Beef Cattle written by Blake Kenyon Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calves treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental ancillary therapy (ANC) groups: flunixin meglumine (NSAID), viral vaccination (VACC), vitamin C (VITC), or no ANC (NOAC). When contrasted with the average of the 3 ANCs calves receiving NOAC tended to have heavier BW on d 56, greater ADG and DMI from first BRD treatment through d 28, greater DMI from d 28 through d 56, and had greater DMI from first BRD treatment through d 56 with mortalities and removals excluded (P = 0.06, P = 0.10, P = 0.08, P = 0.06, and P = 0.05 respectively). Morbidity and mortality attributed to BRD were 66.5% and 13.2% respectively. Calves were then grouped by ANC treatment and the number of times treated for BRD (BRDX) and allocated to finishing pens. The BRDX experimental groups included: never treated for BRD (0X), treated 1 time (1X), 2 times (2X), or 3 or 4 times (3/4X). No ANC group differences existed for any of variables analyzed (P >̳ 0.26). With increasing BRDX, days on feed and lung consolidation scores increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01), while hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib eye area, and the percentage of USDA Prime and Choice carcasses decreased linearly (P

Download or read book Trace Mineral Interaction on Reproductive Performance of Beef Cattle Under Range Conditions in Edwards and McCulloch Counties Texas written by John Conan Doyle and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trace elements in animal production systems written by P. Schlegel and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book deals with trace elements, such as cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc which are essential to modern animal nutrition, but are increasingly detrimental to soil and water quality in today's globalized production. The goal in finding a sustainable balance between trace element use in animal nutrition and its impact on the environment is addressed by focussing on the following questions: - What is the trace element flow on farm, regional or national scale and which tools are available to influence the flow? - What are today's and future soil and water quality in regards to trace minerals? - What are the trace mineral loading limits in soil and water from a health and legal standpoint? - Which technologies exist to modify slurry trace element contents? - What is today's knowledge on quantitative and qualitative trace element requirements and recommended supplementation for ruminants, swine, poultry, fish and crustaceans? - What is trace element bioavailability and how can it be determined? - To which extent are trace minerals related to immune response? - What are the future issues to be addressed in trace element nutrition? This book contains the peer-reviewed papers of the first International Symposium on Trace Elements in Animal Production Systems. It is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals in the life sciences of animal nutrition, soil and water quality, for actors in the feed industry and policy making."

Download or read book Effect of Mineral Supplementation on Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cows written by Felipe Guirado Dantas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive efficiency is the major component for an economically efficient cow/calf operation and can be influenced by a number of factors such as breed, age, health and nutrition. Among the components of the diet, trace minerals are hypothesized to have a major impact reproductive efficiency in beef cattle. In order to test this specific hypothesis, a study directly evaluating the success of reproductive performance in cows fed complexed trace minerals versus inorganic trace mineral was designed. In this study, 68 cows where equally divided into treatment (cows fed with complexed trace minerals) and control (cows fed with inorganic trace minerals) groups. The cows started being fed 30 days prior to AI (d -30). Twenty-eight days after AI (d 28), all cows where diagnosed for pregnancy and non-pregnant cows where removed from the experiment. Twenty-four days after pregnancy diagnosis (d 52), pregnant cows where submitted to ovum pick-up (OPU) and a second OPU was performed on d 67. Although pregnancy rates did not differ (P = 0.33) between treatment and control, cows fed with complexed trace minerals had increased oocyte recovery (P = 0.03), in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06) and more efficient in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06). In summary, the results from this experiment demonstrated that supplementation of beef cows with a complexed source of trace minerals improves reproductive efficiency when compared to cows fed inorganic source of trace minerals.

Download or read book Trace Mineral Supplementation for Kentucky Beef Cows written by John Johns and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "According to the 1996 Beef Cattle NRC, there are at least 17 minerals considered essential for beef cattle (Table 1). Cattle failing to receive some minimum level of these minerals in the diet may exhibit problems of health, productivity, or reproduction"-- Page 1.

Download or read book Comparison of Trace Mineral Supplementation Strategies for Beef Cows written by Jeffrey Charles Moore and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Trace Mineral Supplementation on Digestibility of Various Beef Cattle Rations written by Duane Palmer Schneider and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trace Mineral Supplementation for Wintering Beef Cows Southern Indiana Forage Farm Nov 21 1961 Mar 29 1962 128 Days written by R. C. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Injectable Trace Mineral Supplementation on the Immune Response and Protection Elicited by Vaccination Against Bovine Respiratory Disease written by Jo©Đo Henrique Jabur Bittar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most economically important diseases affecting cattle. It is highly detrimental to young stock. This disease has a worldwide impact with a dramatic effect on the North American cattle industry because of the types of production systems employed that submit calves to a wide range of stressors increasing BRD risk in calves. Treatment of cattle affected by BRD often requires the use of antibiotics. The most costly component of BRD is secondary bacterial infections that complicate the pathogenesis of the disease. The use of minerals, more specifically trace minerals, is crucial to cattle production because of their role in a wide range of physiological functions in cattle (health, growth, and fertility). However, the current social and political pressure to enhance cattle health and the broad social concerns about antimicrobial over-usage and the development of microbial resistance, call for a new approach to research that evaluates strategies to improve the immune response to vaccines, promotes the overall health status, and enhances the performance of cattle in combination to minimize the use of antimicrobials in cattle production. This dissertation investigates the effects of administration of a commercial injectable trace mineral supplementation product that contains Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se) and Manganese (Mn) on the development of vaccine immune responses, and on the associated post-vaccinal protection elicited by modified-live virus and attenuated-live bacterial vaccines in dairy and beef calves. The first study evaluated the effects of the injectable trace minerals (ITM) used concurrently with live-attenuated bacterin vaccines in dairy calves. The second study evaluated the long-term protection induced by a modified-live viral (MLV) vaccine combined with the injectable trace minerals (ITM) in bull dairy calves that were challenged with Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) five months after vaccination. The last study was performed using beef calves. It evaluated if ITM impacted the rapid onset of protection elicited by an MLV-BVDV vaccine that was given concurrently with ITM in weaned calves that were challenged with BVDV five days following vaccination and the impact of ITM treatment. The results of these studies provide both new strategies and insights for ranchers and veterinarians with respect to the value of using the ITM product in conjunction with BRDC-MLV or bacterin vaccines, and additional beneficial information about how to enhance cattle health. These studies also generated new questions about how the use of injectable trace minerals in young cattle can enhance the efficacy of the cattle production system to provide potential gains to the whole of society.

Download or read book Effects of Trace Mineral Supplementation in Lactating Dairy Cattle written by Mathew J. Faulkner and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments were designed to study the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn supplementation on production, gene expression of trace mineral transporters expressed in the milk fat globular membrane (MFGM), milk fatty acid (FA) profiles, digestibility, and fecal bacteria relative abundance in lactating dairy cattle. In experiment 1, 30 Holstein cows were fed diets devoid of supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn (basal diet provided 8, 41, and 41mg/kg, respectively) for 30 d and were then split into three treatment groups: one group remained on the unsupplemented diet; the second and third groups were fed a diet supplemented with Cu, Zn and Mn from sulfates (assayed total dietary concentrations = 17, 60, and 55mg/kg, respectively) or glycinates (assayed total dietary concentrations = 20, 66, and 58mg/kg, respectively) for 30 d. Milk yield (averaged 29.2 kg/d), DMI (averaged 3.55% of BW or 22.5 kg/d) as a percent of BW, and milk components were not affected by treatment. Feeding supplemental minerals decreased iso-15:0, anteiso-15:0, iso-17:0, and 16:1+anteiso-17:0 branched-chain fatty acids (FA) and tended to increase trans-10 18:1 as percentages of total FA in milk fat. Trans-10 18:1 was greater (0.76 vs 0.50%) for cows fed sulfate minerals compared to glycinate sources. Gene expression (via qPCR) of metallothionein (1.51 vs 0.77 2(-delta Ct)) in MFGM were greater for multiparous cows than primiparous. Expression of a zinc transporter, ZIP8, was greater (3.37 vs 2.06 and 2.65 2(-delta Ct)) for cows not fed supplemental minerals compared to cows fed sulfate and glycinate sources, respectively. In experiment 2, Eighteen multiparous cows were used in a split-plot replicated Latin square with two 28 d periods to evaluate the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source (sulfates or hydroxy; Micronutrients Inc., Indianapolis, IN) and dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) source (forage-based control diet = 26% NDF vs byproduct = 36%) on total-tract nutrient digestibility, mineral balance, and gene expression of trace mineral transporters in the MFGM. During the entire experiment (56 d) cows remained on the same fiber treatment but source of supplemental trace mineral was different for each 28 d period so all cows were exposed to both mineral treatments. During each of the two 28 d periods cows were fed no supplemental Cu, Zn, or Mn for 16 d followed by 12 d of feeding supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn from either sulfates or hydroxy sources. Basal Cu, Zn, and Mn concentrations for the control diet were 9, 30, and 38mg/kg, respectively; while basal concentrations were 11, 50, and 47mg/kg, respectively for the byproduct diet. Supplemental concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Mn fed were approximately 9, 30, and 30mg/kg, respectively. Treatment had no effect on DMI (averaged 24.2 kg/d) or milk production (34.9 kg/g). No mineral source x fiber interactions were observed for production measures or macronutrient digestibility; however apparent Cu balance and Cu retention was increased for cows fed the control diet with hydroxy minerals compared to the control diet with sulfate minerals (+11 vs -3 mg/d), but retention of Cu was decreased for the byproduct diet when cows were fed hydroxy minerals compared to sulfates (-5 vs +29 mg/d). Cows fed the byproduct diet had decreased DM digestibility (65.9 vs 70.2%), OM digestibility (67.4 vs 71.7%), CP digestibility (58.8 vs 62.1%) and starch intake (4.3 vs 8.8kg), and increased starch digestibility (97.5 vs 96.3%), NDF intake (8.6 vs 6.0kg) and NDF digestibility (50.5 vs 44.4%) compared with cows fed the control treatment. The control diet had increased TDN concentration (70.2 vs 65.3%) compared to the byproduct diet. Measured NDF digestibility and TDN treatment effects were consistent regardless of the method used to determine NDF. Multiple (>12) milk FA concentrations were affected by fiber source and mineral source. In experiment 3, 24 cows were fed diets devoid of supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn for a 16 d preliminary phase (basal diet provided 9, 29, and 32mg/kg of Cu, Zn, and Mn, respectively), and then were randomly assigned to one of three treatment diets (n=8 cows/treatment): supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn from sulfate mineral; or glycinate minerals; or Cu and Mn sulfate with glycinate Zn. Assayed total dietary concentrations were approximately 21, 73, and 72 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, and Mn, respectively. Body weight, milk production (averaged 38.8 kg/d), DMI (averaged 25.8 kg/d), and analyzed milk components were not affected by treatment. Fecal DNA was extracted, amplified using the 16S rRNA gene to quantify total bacteria, and microbial populations were sequenced to compare populations between treatments. Relative abundance of phyla Spirochaetes, family Spirochaetaceae, genus Treponema, and uncultured or other treponema species were less abundant for cows fed Cu and Mn sulfate with glycinate Zn compared to those fed sulfates, but were similar to cows fed glycinate mineral sources, and responses for cows fed either exclusive glycinate mineral or sulfate mineral treatments were similar.

Download or read book Trace Mineral Supplementation for Wintering Beef Cows Southern Indiana Forage Farm Nov 21 1961 March 29 1962 128 Days written by R. C. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrition in Southeastern Beef Cattle Production written by Morgan Laine Bass and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments were conducted to improve nutrition in southeast beef cattle production systems. Experiment 1 examined the nutritive value and digestibility of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) conserved as silage. Lignin, NDF, and ADF increased with increasing maturity (P 0.0001), while CP and RFQ decreased (P

Download or read book Trace Mineral Supplementation written by Patrick Bruce Ramsey and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of a Supplemental Trace Mineral Injection on Developing Beef Bull and Heifer Reproduction written by Alissa A. Kirchhoff and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace mineral supplementation is necessary for proper reproductive success. Little research has evaluated the effect of an injectable trace mineral product, in conjunction with a dietary mineral supplementation program, on reproduction. This thesis includes two separate studies evaluating the use of an injectable trace mineral product, in addition to a dietary mineral program, on the reproductive success of yearling bulls and heifers. In the first study, we hypothesized that when dietary trace mineral needs are met, administration of an injectable trace mineral product to developing beef bulls would cause a short-term increase in circulating trace mineral concentrations, but not alter semen quality nor ability to pass a breeding soundness examination. Trace mineral treatment did not affect scrotal circumferences and BW of bulls throughout the trial (P [equal to or greater than] 0.20). Trace Mineral bulls had greater (P [equal to or less than] 0.0001) trace mineral concentrations at 8 h post-treatment than Control bulls. Semen trace mineral concentrations on d 42 and 91 were similar (P [equal to or greater than] 0.52) between treatments. Sperm parameters improved (P [equal to or less than] 0.003) from d 42 to 91, but did not differ (P [equal to or greater than] 0.06) between treatments. A similar (P = 0.94) percentage of Trace Mineral (67%) and Control (68%) bulls passed a BSE 91 d post-treatment. In the present study, supplemental trace mineral injection was successful at raising circulating trace mineral levels, but did not alter semen trace mineral levels nor improve semen quality. In the second study we hypothesized that when dietary trace mineral needs are met, the use of an injectable trace mineral product in developing heifers would not affect pregnancy rates at single service fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Trace Mineral heifers had greater (P = 0.02) pregnancy rates (51.28%) than Control heifers (25.58%). The percentage of Trace Mineral (30.77%) and Control heifers (47.50%) that displayed estrous behavior prior to FTAI as indicated by a red estrous detection patch was not different (P = 0.13) between treatments. In the present study, despite dietary trace mineral requirements being met, use of an injectable trace mineral injection improved pregnancy rates following FTAI, but did not affect estrous behavior.

Download or read book Effect of Supplemental Trace Mineral zinc Copper and Manganese Source on Growth Performance Morbidity and Trace Mineral Status in Beef Cattle written by Anthony W. Ryan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of studies were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental trace mineral source on growth performance, morbidity, and trace mineral status in growing beef cattle. The first experiment evaluated supplemental trace minerals from sulfate, organic, or hydroxy sources on growth performance and morbidity. Crossbreed beef calves were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments consisting of supplemental zinc (360 mg/d), copper (125 mg/d), and manganese (200 mg/d) from inorganic, organic, or hydroxy sources fed daily over a 42 to 45-d backgrounding phase. After removal of chronic and dead calves from the data set, trace mineral source had no effect on final or intermediate weights (P > 0.55) or average daily gain (P = 0.51). For all calves, dietary treatments had no effect on any morbidity measurements (P ≥ 0.53). Overall, trace mineral source had no effect on total weight gain, average daily gain, or morbidity during the receiving phase in shipping stressed cattle. A second experiment was conducted to study the effect of trace mineral source on trace mineral status, superoxide dismutase activity, and performance in beef heifers fed diets high in sulfur. Crossbreed heifers were stratified into 3 treatments consisting of 1) no supplemental trace minerals; 2) supplemental copper (55 mg/d), zinc (165 mg/d), and manganese (110 mg/d) from sulfate sources; or 3) supplemental zinc, copper, and manganese at isolevels to treatment 2 from hydroxy sources fed daily over a 55-d trial. Final and intermediate weights (P = 0.73), average daily gain (P = 0.70), and plasma copper and zinc concentrations (P ≥ 0.37) were not affected by treatment. Liver copper concentrations on d 55 were greater for the sulfate treatment (P > 0.004) compared to control and hydroxy treatments, however, liver zinc concentrations were not affected (P > 0.29). Treatment had no effect on ( P ≥ 0.36) on total- or manganese-superoxide dismutase activity, however, a day effect (P ≥ 0.002) was observed. Overall, trace mineral source had no effect on growth performance, plasma mineral concentration, liver zinc concentrations, or superoxide dismutase activity. However, liver copper concentrations on d 55 were affected by trace mineral source.

Download or read book Mineral Supplements for Beef Cattle written by Chad Shawn Hale and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beef cattle require a number of dietary mineral elements for normal bodily maintenance, growth, and reproduction. Minerals that are required in relatively large amounts are called major or macro elements. Those needed in small amounts are classified as micro, minor, or trace minerals. These terms, however, have no relationship to the metabolic importance of a mineral in the diet. A trace mineral can be as essential to the health and performance of an animal as a major mineral. The major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulfur. Among those needed in trace amounts are iron, zinc, manganese, copper, iodine, cobalt and selenium. This publication discusses the functions, animal requirements, and special considerations of these minerals.

Download or read book Effects of Organic Trace Mineral Supplementation on Cattle Production written by Bunyamin Sogut and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: