Download or read book Pergamon and the Hellenistic Kingdoms of the Ancient World written by Carlos A. Picón and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hellenistic period—the nearly three centuries between the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 B.C., and the suicide of the Egyptian queen Kleopatra VII (the famous "Cleopatra"), in 30 B.C.—is one of the most complex and exciting epochs of ancient Greek art. The unprecedented geographic sweep of Alexander's conquests changed the face of the ancient world forever, forging diverse cultural connections and exposing Greek artists to a host of new influences and artistic styles. This beautifully illustrated volume examines the rich diversity of art forms that arose through the patronage of the royal courts of the Hellenistic kingdoms, placing special emphasis on Pergamon, capital of the Attalid dynasty, which ruled over large parts of Asia Minor. With its long history of German-led excavations, Pergamon provides a superb paradigm of a Hellenistic capital, appointed with important civic institutions—a great library, theater, gymnasium, temples, and healing center—that we recognize today as central features of modern urban life. The military triumphs of Alexander and his successors led to the expansion of Greek culture out from the traditional Greek heartland to the Indus River Valley in the east and as far west as the Strait of Gibraltar. These newly established Hellenistic kingdoms concentrated wealth and power, resulting in an unparalleled burst of creativity in all the arts, from architecture and sculpture to seal engraving and glass production. Pergamon and the Hellenistic Kingdoms of the Ancient World brings together the insights of a team of internationally renowned scholars, who reveal how the art of Classical Greece was transformed during this period, melding with predominantly Eastern cultural traditions to yield new standards and conventions in taste and style.
Download or read book Pergamon written by and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pergamon Altar written by Max Kunze and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ancient Pergamon written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-11-07 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The Library of Alexandria was one of the few libraries in the ancient Greek world, which helped ensure that mathematicians, scientists and other scholars from across the Mediterranean traveled to Egypt to study there, and it was so impressive in its size and influence that it left an indelible mark on the world that still reverberates today. At the same time, the importance of such a library meant Alexandria was not the only city with one, which is why the Ptolemies carried their patronage of the arts and the desire for Alexandria to be the cultural center of the Hellenistic world to a whole new level when they banned the export of papyrus - the paper-like reed that was used to compose books in the ancient world - from Egypt (Erskine 1995, 46). At the time, the Ptolemies were not the only Greek kings with a great library in their capital, because the Attalid dynasty of Pergamon also built a library as a testament to Hellenism (Fox, 2001, 393). The Library of Pergamon was established slightly later than the Library of Alexandria, during the reign of king Eumenes II (197-158 BCE) (Thorton 1941, 12), but Eumenes embarked on a program to stock the Library of Pergamon with some of the greatest works of Greek literature in order to rival the Library of Alexandria (Canfora 1989, 46). For example, a complete set of Demosthenes' works was among the classics that graced the shelves in the Pergamon collection (Canfora 1989, 45). This competition seems to have been the basis for the papyrus ban, as the Ptolemies intended to halt academic work in Pergamon, such as editing new editions of the classics. While the Ptolemaic ban on papyrus may have slowed operations at the Library of Pergamon, the introduction of parchment as a medium of writing helped re-stock Pergamon's Library (Thorton 1941, 12). Ultimately, however, despite being considered a great institution of the ancient world in its own right, the Library of Pergamon never approached the size or influence of the Library of Alexandria, making it the loser in the heated competition for academic and cultural prestige. Pergamon (or Pergamum) was a rich and influential ancient city in Aeolis, a major and important district, located on the western coast of Asia Minor. Pergamon was located around 25 kilometers from the Aegean Sea in modern-day Bergama, located in the Izmir Province of Turkey. The city of Pergamon is located on a hilltop in the valley of the river Kaikos, 1,000 ft. above sea level. On the north, the city is surrounded by mountains, while on the east and west, it is surrounded by two major tributaries, the rivers Selinos to the east and Ketios to the west. According to many historians and archaeologists, the city of Pergamon had enormous strategic value, since it overlooked the Caicus River Valley (Bakırçay in modern Turkey), which provided essential access from Pergamon to the Aegean Coast. Pergamon reached the height of its power during the Hellenistic period, becoming the capital of the Attalid kings, which ruled during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE. During the Roman period, the city was the first capital of the Asian province, but it ultimately lost this status to its local rival, Ephesus. Thanks to its royalty-decreed monopoly on parchment fabrication ("pergamon" in the Ancient Greek language) and tissues and its transnational commercial activity, the city became an important multicultural center for the entire empire. Furthermore, the city was decorated with gigantic monuments which gave urbanism a new start, competing with the two other important Hellenic centers, Alexandria and Antioch. Ancient Pergamon: The History and Legacy of Asia Minor's Most Influential Greek Cultural Center in Antiquity examines the history of one of the most important Greek cities.
Download or read book Ancient Libraries written by Jason König and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The circulation of books was the motor of classical civilization. However, books were both expensive and rare, and so libraries - private and public, royal and civic - played key roles in articulating intellectual life. This collection, written by an international team of scholars, presents a fundamental reassessment of how ancient libraries came into being, how they were organized and how they were used. Drawing on papyrology and archaeology, and on accounts written by those who read and wrote in them, it presents new research on reading cultures, on book collecting and on the origins of monumental library buildings. Many of the traditional stories told about ancient libraries are challenged. Few were really enormous, none were designed as research centres, and occasional conflagrations do not explain the loss of most ancient texts. But the central place of libraries in Greco-Roman culture emerges more clearly than ever.
Download or read book A History of Pergamum written by Richard Evans and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2012-05-10 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kingdom of Pergamum emerged from the great period of instability which followed the death of Alexander the Great. Over the next century Pergamum was to become one of the wealthiest states in the eastern Mediterranean. The state of Pergamum was incorporated into the Roman Empire between 133/129 BCE and it eventually became Rome's wealthiest province. The whole of Asia Minor suffered in the civil wars which ended the Roman Republic, and Pergamum did not escape the exactions demanded of the Greek cities by Pompey, Caesar and Antony. In the subsequent peace, ushered in by Augustus, Pergamum regained its prosperity and became one of the cultural centres of the Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty - the Attalids - were patrons of the arts and while in power were responsible for the remarkable embellishment of their capital at Pergamum. Other more ancient cities such as Ephesus and Miletus also benefited from their government. This volume surveys Pergamum's history from the late Third Century BCE to the Second Century CE.
Download or read book The Lost Letters of Pergamum written by Bruce Longenecker and published by Baker Academic. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Fascinating Glimpse into the World of the New Testament Transported two thousand years into the past, readers are introduced to Antipas, a Roman civic leader who has encountered the writings of the biblical author Luke. Luke's history sparks Antipas's interest, and they begin corresponding. While the account is fictional, the author is a highly respected New Testament scholar who weaves reliable historical information into a fascinating story, offering a fresh, engaging, and creative way to learn about the New Testament world. The first edition has been widely used in the classroom (over 30,000 copies sold). This updated edition, now with improved readability and narrative flow, will bring the social and political world of Jesus and his first followers to life for many more students of the Bible.
Download or read book Antiquity on Display written by Can Bilsel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Antiquity on Display" offers an insight into the history of the imaginative reproductions of architecture housed in Berlin's Pergamon Museum and the shifting regimes of the authentic in museum displays from the 19th century to the present.
Download or read book The Origins of Baroque Art in Rome written by Alois Riegl and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2010 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delivered at the turn of the twentieth century, Riegl's groundbreaking lectures called for the Baroque period to be judged by its own rules and not merely as a period of decline.
Download or read book From Pergamon to Sperlonga written by Nancy T. de Grummond and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together the work of leading scholars on two of the most important, yet puzzling, extant ensembles of Hellenistic Age sculpture: the Great Altar at Pergamon, with its Gigantomachy and scenes from the life of Telephos, and the Cave at Sperlonga in Italy, with its epic themes connected especially with the adventures of Odysseus. From Pergamon to Sperlonga has three aims: to update the scholarship on two important monuments of ancient art and architecture; to debate questions of iconography, authorship, and date; and to broaden the scope of discussion on these monuments beyond the boundaries of studies done in the past. In addition, the volume brings forward new ideas about how these two monuments are connected and discusses possible means by which stylistic influences were transmitted between them.
Download or read book Pergamon written by Renée Dreyfus and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This catolog studies in depth The Telephos Frieze from the Great Altar, collecting critical essays and images that examine its importance.
Download or read book The Attalids of Pergamon and Anatolia written by Noah Kaye and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historians have long wondered at the improbable rise of the Attalids of Pergamon after 188 BCE. The Roman-brokered Settlement of Apameia offered a new map – a brittle framework for sovereignty in Anatolia and the eastern Aegean. What allowed the Attalids to make this map a reality? This uniquely comprehensive study of the political economy of the kingdom rethinks the impact of Attalid imperialism on the Greek polis and the multicultural character of the dynasty's notorious propaganda. By synthesizing new findings in epigraphy, archaeology, and numismatics, it shows the kingdom for the first time from the inside. The Pergamene way of ruling was a distinctively non-coercive and efficient means of taxing and winning loyalty. Royal tax collectors collaborated with city and village officials on budgets and minting, while the kings utterly transformed the civic space of the gymnasium. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Revelation written by and published by Canongate Books. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final book of the Bible, Revelation prophesies the ultimate judgement of mankind in a series of allegorical visions, grisly images and numerological predictions. According to these, empires will fall, the "Beast" will be destroyed and Christ will rule a new Jerusalem. With an introduction by Will Self.
Download or read book Pergamon Citadel of the Gods written by Helmut Koester and published by Burns & Oates. This book was released on 1998 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Pergamon, a center of the Roman imperial cult and one of the "seven churches" of Revelation 2, is referred to as "where Satan's throne is" and "where Satan lives." Now, for the first time, a comprehensive interdisciplinary discussion of this influential city from Hellenistic to Byzantine times has been developed." "Pergamon - Citadel of the Gods includes comprehensive descriptions of the ancient city's famous temples and sanctuaries by German archaeologists who excavated them. In addition, leading European and American scholars in the fields of classics provide interpretive essays."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book Occult Roots of Religious Studies written by Yves Mühlematter and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The historiographers of religious studies have written the history of this discipline primarily as a rationalization of ideological, most prominently theological and phenomenological ideas: first through the establishment of comparative, philological and sociological methods and secondly through the demand for intentional neutrality. This interpretation caused important roots in occult-esoteric traditions to be repressed. This process of “purification” (Latour) is not to be equated with the origin of the academic studies. De facto, the elimination of idealistic theories took time and only happened later. One example concerning the early entanglement is Tibetology, where many researchers and respected chair holders were influenced by theosophical ideas or were even members of the Theosophical Society. Similarly, the emergence of comparatistics cannot be understood without taking into account perennialist ideas of esoteric provenance, which hold that all religions have a common origin. In this perspective, it is not only the history of religious studies which must be revisited, but also the partial shaping of religious studies by these traditions, insofar as it saw itself as a counter-model to occult ideas.
Download or read book Art in the Hellenistic World written by Andrew Stewart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What was Hellenistic art, and what were its contexts, aims, achievements, and impact? This textbook introduces students to these questions and offers a series of answers to them. Its twelve chapters and two 'focus' sections examine Hellenistic sculpture, painting, luxury arts, and architecture. Thematically organized, spanning the three centuries from Alexander to Augustus, and ranging geographically from Italy to India and the Black Sea to Nubia, the book examines key monuments of Hellenistic art in relation to the great political, social, cultural, and intellectual issues of the time. It is illustrated with 170 photographs (mostly in color, and many never before published) and contextualized through excerpts from Hellenistic literature and inscriptions. Helpful ancillary features include maps, appendices with background on Hellenistic artists and translations of key documents, a full glossary, a timeline, brief biographies of key figures, suggestions for further reading, and bibliographical references.
Download or read book Greek Science of the Hellenistic Era written by Georgia L. Irby-Massie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We all want to understand the world around us, and the ancient Greeks were the first to try and do so in a way we can properly call scientific. Their thought and writings laid the essential foundations for the revivals of science in medieval Baghdad and renaissance Europe. Now their work is accessible to all, with this invaluable introduction to c.100 scientific authors active from 320 BCE to 230 CE. The book begins with an outline of a new socio-political model for the development and decline of Greek science, followed by eleven chapters that cover the main disciplines: * the science which the Greeks saw as fundamental - mathematics * astronomy * astrology and geography * mechanics * optics and pneumatics * the non-mathematical sciences of alchemy, biology, medicine and 'psychology'. Each chapter contains an accessible introduction on the origins and development of the topic in question, and all the authors are set in context with brief biographies.
