Download or read book Analysis of Hong Kong Real Estate Investment Trusts on Asset Portfolio Performance written by Weiya Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Real Estate Investment Trusts written by Su Han Chan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-11-07 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers broad understanding and unique insights into the REITs industry. Its scope is to analyze and synthesize the existing scholarly research on REITs in a way that will enable managers to improve their investments decisions and the operating performance of their REITs. It also provides up-to-date original research on REITs based on the authors' own database, which is the most extensive data base available on REITs that is free of suvivorship bias. This book helps investors evaluate REITs and identify those with the greatest investment potential. Finally, it provides the reader with a detailed discussion of likely future changes anticipated for this unique invetment vehicle.

Download or read book The Reits Real Estate Investment Trusts written by Kim Hin David Ho and published by Partridge Publishing Singapore. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 examines the significance of ‘green’ buildings on the operational and financial performance of REITs. The Chapter covers different direct real estate sectors, namely office, retail and residential, for the REITS concerned to evaluate the consistency of the results. Chapter 2 looks at the risk neutral and non-risk neutral pricing of real estate investment trusts in Singapore (S-REITs), via comparing the average of the individual ratios (of deviation between expected and observed closing price/observed closing price), with the ratio (of standard deviation/mean) for closing prices, via the binomial options pricing tree model. Chapter3 highlights that while the Markowitz portfolio theory (MPT) is popular in modern finance to model portfolios with maximum total returns (TRs) for a given systematic risk, the more flexible multivariate copula model is introduced that enables investors and portfolio managers to obtain the optimal portfolio. Chapter 4 looks at a value investing framework, in which a REIT and real estate comany investment operation is deemed to be one, where a “thorough analysis”, should promise the safety of a principal and an adequate total return. Chapter 5 examines the market reactions of Malaysia’s listed property trusts and property common stocks to corporate restructuring activities – direct real estate asset acquisitions and new listings. Chapter 6 reports the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) consultations with the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF), to introduce the Income Tax Act (ITA) amendments, and a new temporary relief measure for real estate investment trusts (REITs) in Singapore. The Chapter also looks at the proposal by the Asian Public Real Estate Association (APREA) to the MAS, to create a private REIT structure Chapter 7 looks at the key issues and notes on the valuation of the public real estate investment trusts (REITs) and the real estate companies, adopting several valuation metrics to value REITs on a stand-alone and a relative basis. Chapter 8 looks at the unique Asian REIT institutional environment, pertaining to the S-REIT, while cross referencing it to that of the CapitaMall Trust (S-CMT) and the Hong Kong HK- Link REIT. Chapter 9 summarises the book’s findings and highlights the contributions and recommendations made.

Download or read book An Analysis of Hong Kong REIT written by King Man Chow and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Real estate investment trust (REIT) is a valuable investment alternative for investors in many markets. Being home to a handful of world-class property developers, Hong Kong, the Asia financial hub, seemed to have met all the criteria to grow a REIT market rapidly. Yet, since the enactment of the Hong Kong REIT Code in 2003, the H-REIT (acronym for Hong Kong REIT) market saw only eight H-REITs being launched, lagging the growth of other REIT markets in the region. This thesis paper seeks to uncover the present investment values in H-REITs and determine what likely would shape the future of the market hence the potential value it could bring to investors, through examining the local real estate capital markets, the regulations, and the supply and demand dynamics, and conducting comparative analysis with stocks of local property companies. The study finds that the H-REITs are significantly less risky than local property stocks and offer dividend yields that in most cases are greater than the earning yields of those stocks. H-REIT offers real estate exposure, yet provides diversification effect to a portfolio of local property stocks given its low correlations with these stocks. Hurdles to market growth persist as abundance of liquidity, low yields offered by prime properties, poor reception of yield enhancement mechanisms in REITs, agency problems and questionable corporate governance of the H-REITs all contributed to suppressing both the supply and demand for local asset-backed H-REITs. Moreover, the small size of the city seems to indicate that the H-REIT market was destined to depend on cross-border deals. Thanks to the close-tie to China, Yuan-denominated cross-border REITs backed by Mainland China assets appear to be the future of the H-REIT market. While this type of deal clears some of the hurdles to grow the market, it still remains in the hands of the sponsors to add transparencies in H-REIT management structure to gain the much needed trust from investors to build a functioning market.

Download or read book The Performance of Property Companies in Hong Kong written by Siu-Kei Wong and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Performance of Property Companies in Hong Kong: a Style Analysis Approach" by Siu-kei, Wong, 黃紹基, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled The Performance of Property Companies in Hong Kong: A Style Analysis Approach Submitted by Wong Siu Kei for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in January 2003 Style analysis has become a popular tool for evaluating the performance of investment funds as a result of increasingly specialized investment styles. This study applies the returns-based approach to identifying the investment styles and assessing the performance of property companies in Hong Kong from 1984 through 2001. The original style model has been modified to take into account the differences between mutual funds and listed property companies. The modifications include the addition of direct property asset classes and the relaxation of no-leverage constraint. The former is achieved by developing an age-adjusted repeat-sales model to construct monthly transaction-based property price indices. Two style models were built: a non-property model (without direct property asset classes) and a property model (with direct property asset classes). The results from the non-property model showed that although the implied non-property asset mix was able to explain an important part (75%) of the variation in the property companies' returns, a small pure property component was found in the company returns. This component can be realized through hedging the indirect property index by its implied non-property asset mix. The results from the property model indicate that property company returns reflect residential and industrial performance better than retail and office performance. Moreover, the proportion of direct property has increased over time, indicating that property companies are becoming a closer substitute for direct property investment. The implication is that investors can avoid the high transaction costs of direct property investment, but at the same time enjoy the liquidity and diversification benefits through investing in the shares of property companies. There are, however, some inconsistencies between implied and actual property asset mixes which may be due to high correlation between some asset classes. The results of the style analysis of the major listed property companies in Hong Kong do not support the presence of active management skill over time, and thus the market is efficient. This implies that the overall performance of a property company is mainly attributable to investment style characterized by the implied portfolio rather than management skill. The variation in the selection returns of a larger sample of property companies is much more significant and can be partially explained by a number of company characteristics including company size, gearing ratio, liquidity, dividends issued, directors' stakes, and directors' fees. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2672040 Subjects: Real estate business - Finance - China - Hong Kong Real estate investment - China - Hong Kong - Econometric models

Download or read book A Critical Evaluation for the Performance of Reit Retails Portfolio Inhong Kong written by Chung-Yi Wong and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "A Critical Evaluation for the Performance of REIT Retails Portfolio InHong Kong" by Chung-yi, Wong, 王頌怡, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The purpose of this study is to access the development of The Link REIT as a kind of REITs in Hong Kong. By evaluating the performance of The Link REIT, its shopping centres and the customer satisfaction, implication of The Link's management to the REIT, the shopping centres and even the society were identified. In this research, the evaluation for performance of The Link REIT would be divided into three scopes. Firstly, the performance of REIT would be evaluated by analyzing the indices. Secondly, the attributes of The Link's shopping centres would be evaluated by analyzing the determinants of rental income. Last but not least, customer satisfaction would be evaluated by measuring the service quality based on SERVQUAL instrument. The first two scopes of evaluation would be mainly based on the secondary data. Primary data obtained by questionnaire survey would be collected for the evaluation of customer satisfaction. After collecting and analyzing all data, position impacts of The Link's management was identified to the performance of REIT and the attributes of its shopping centres. In contrary on the first two evaluations, customers including both of the visitors and tenants were found dissatisfied to the empathy attributes of The Link's shopping centres. The customer expectation valued greater than the customer perception. In other words, The Link failed to understanding or providing what customers need. Upon conducting the regressive analysis of the secondary data, contradiction between the development of The Link and public expectation was finally concluded. The Link aimed at maximizing the interest or benefits for the shareholders while visitors or tenants requested The Link to ensure the low price of products and low rental charge. In considering the historical responsibility of HKHA, The Link was being over-expected in performing its social responsibility. To be a responsible asset manager and also a social company, recommendation or suggestions were made based on the analysis. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4834355 Subjects: Real estate investment trusts - China - Hong Kong Shopping centers - China - Hong Kong - Management

Download or read book Performance of Property Companies in Hong Kong A Style Analysis Approach written by K.W Chau and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Return-based style analysis is applied to identify the style benchmarks of 12 property companies in Hong Kong from 1984 through 2001, and their performance is then assessed. Unlike style analysis of mutual funds, the cash component is not constrained to be non-negative so as to reflect their debt-financed capital structures. The other feature of style analysis of property companies is the inclusion of direct property returns in the implied portfolio. This is achieved by transaction-based monthly property price indices over the period of observation. Our results suggest that the implied portfolio is able to explain an important part of the variation in the property companies' returns. Although non-property investment has been the major component of the implied portfolio, the proportion of direct properties has increased over time. Therefore, property companies are becoming a closer substitute for direct property investment. One of the implications of the results is that investors can avoid the high transaction costs of direct property investment, but at the same time enjoy the liquidity and diversification benefits through investing in the shares of property companies. Our results also suggest that the performance of most property companies is not significantly different from the performance of the underlying implied portfolio before transaction cost is taken into account. This implies that the overall performance of a property company is mainly attributable to investment style characterized by the implied portfolio rather than management skills.

Download or read book Public Real Estate Markets and Investments written by Harold Kent Baker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Real estate is typically classified as an alternative to more traditional investments such as stocks and bonds. Real estate investing involves the purchase, ownership, management, rental, or sale of real estate for profit. Real estate investments can be both income producing and non-income producing. Although real estate can produce income like a bond and appreciate like a stock, this tangible asset has several unique characteristics as well as advantages and disadvantages relative to other investment alternatives. Benefits of including real estate in a portfolio include diversification, yield enhancement, risk reduction, tax management, and inflation hedging. Unlike traditional investments, investors in real estate have the ability to influence performance. Real estate has drawbacks in that it requires management, is costly and difficult to buy, sell, and operate, and sometimes has lower liquidity. Additionally, measuring the relative performance of real estate can be challenging. The purpose of this 14-chapter book is to provide an overview and synthesis of public real estate markets and investments in a global context. The book discusses the major types and the latest trends within public real estate markets and presents the results of research studies in a straightforward manner. It has three sections: (1) foundations of public real estate, (2) public debt markets and investments, and (3) public equity markets and investments. The book should be interest to various groups including academics, practitioners, investors, and students. Readers should gain a greater appreciation of what is needed for success when investing in public real estate markets. For more information about private real estate, read Private Real Estate Markets and Investments.

Download or read book Econometric Analyses of International Housing Markets written by Rita Yi Man Li and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how econometric modelling can be used to provide valuable insight into international housing markets. Initially describing the role of econometrics modelling in real estate market research and how it has developed in recent years, the book goes on to compare and contrast the impact of various macroeconomic factors on developed and developing housing markets. Explaining the similarities and differences in the impact of financial crises on housing markets around the world, the author's econometric analysis of housing markets across the world provides a broad and nuanced perspective on the impact of both international financial markets and local macro economy on housing markets. With discussion of countries such as China, Germany, UK, US and South Africa, the lessons learned will be of interest to scholars of Real Estate economics around the world.

Download or read book The Routledge REITs Research Handbook written by David Parker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge REITs Research Handbook presents a cutting-edge examination of the research into this key global investment vehicle. Edited by internationally respected academic and REIT expert Professor David Parker, the book will set the research agenda for years to come. The handbook is divided into two parts, the first of which provides the global context and a thematic review covering: asset allocation, performance, trading, sustainability, Islamic REITs, emerging sectors and behavioural finance. Part II presents a regional review of the issues with high level case studies from a diverse range of countries including the US, UK, Brazil, India, Australia, China, Singapore, Israel and Russia, to name just a few. This handbook redefines existing areas within the context of international REITs research, highlights emerging areas and future trends and provides postgraduates, professionals and researchers with ideas and encouragement for future research. It is essential reading for all those interested in real estate, international investment, global finance and asset management.

Download or read book A Global Perspective on Real Estate Cycles written by Stephen J. Brown and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 1999, New York University Salomon Center in assocIatIOn with the Department of Finance at NYU Stern held a one-day conference on the impact of real estate cycles on the real estate industry both from a domestic as well as an international perspective. The conference featured the leading research on this topic in the United States, Europe and Asia. Currendy, the real estate industry is at a critical point. New development projects around the world are being put on hold given recent developments in the international capital markets. The industry is hard hit by the decline in real estate investment trust (REIT) share prices and a shrink ing pool of capital for real estate ventures. This has unfortunately coincided with serious financial problems of very large hedge funds and other institutional investors in the market for commercial mortgage backed securities. There is need for new insights into the implications of U. S. and global real estate cycles on real estate secu rities including REITs and mortgage-backed securities as well as direct real estate investment. This global orientation is important given the high mobility of capital into the real estate, the increasing integration of real estate markets, and the proposed expan sion of real estate investment trusts (REIT) into international real estate. The process of globalization has resulted in increased competition between cities for the attrac tion of investment.

Download or read book Handbook of Asian Finance written by David Lee Kuo Chuen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-15 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Participants in Asian financial markets have witnessed the unprecedented growth and sophistication of their investments since the 1997 crisis. Handbook of Asian Finance: REITs, Trading, and Fund Performance analyzes the forces behind these growth rates. Insights into banking, fund performance, and the effects of trading technologies for practitioners to tax evasion, market manipulation, and corporate governance issues are all here, presented by expert scholars. Offering broader and deeper coverage than other handbooks, the Handbook of Asian Finance: REITs, Trading, and Fund Performance explains what is going on in Asia today. - Presents the only micro- and market-related analysis of pan-Asian finance available today - Explores the implications implicit in the expansion of sovereign funds and the growth of the hedge fund and real estate fund management industries - Investigates the innovations in technology that have ushered in faster capital flow and larger trading volumes

Download or read book A RISK RETURN ANALYSIS OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing Hong Kong as a Capital Formation Centre for Real Estate Investment Trusts written by Hong Kong Financial Services Development Council and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Performance of Direct and Indirect Property Investment in Hong Kong written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Uncorrected OCR) ii Abstract: Modern portfolio theory (MPT) advocates a process where investor| capital will be allocated among various asset classes based on quantitative and analytical approach taking into consideration of their possible rate of returns vis-|vis objectives and/or risk tolerances. Using Mean Variance Optimisation concept, this dissertation examines the performance and diversification potential of Direct and indirect property in a mixed asset portfolio in Hong Kong for the period from1984 to 2003. Unlike most studies which have concentrated on how much to include of real estate by measuring the risk effect of increase of real estate in portfolio composition at isolated points, this dissertation completely takes another angle by constructing full efficient frontiers and assessing the diversification effects of real estate inclusion at different risk return levels. The results for the study period indicate that, though the property market had some ups and downs, both direct property and indirect property offer diversification benefits depending on one| risk preference. Indirect property offered higher returns than the direct property but were also more risky, and therefore capable to offer a diversification benefits to people of high risk preference while direct property in spite of their relatively low returns could offer diversification benefits to low and moderate risk preference people in a mixed asset portfolio. On a more positive note, the findings do suggest that almost all investors benefit to some extent by holding some direct and indirect property.

Download or read book Real Estate Investment Trusts in Europe written by Ramón Sotelo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortly before of the beginning of the global financial crisis of 2008 REITs were introduced in several European countries based on their success in mature markets like the US, Australia and some Asian countries. While the history of REITs in Europe has been relatively brief, REITs are well on the way to become an industry standard as a real estate investment financial vehicle not only in Europe but throughout the developed world. This book provides both academics and decision makers an introduction to the economics of REITs beyond tax transparency, an overview of the mature REITs markets, and a closer reflection of the development of different REIT-structures in Europe including the history, regulation and markets of each country.

Download or read book The Effect of Corporate Governance on the Performance of Reits written by Xiangliang Bai and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Effect of Corporate Governance on the Performance of REITs: the Evidence From Hong Kong and Singapore" by Xiangliang, Bai, 白相良, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The Asian REIT market has been developing quickly in recent years and gradually attracted attention of international investors. However, compared with other developed markets such as the US and Australia, very little is known about the Asian REIT market. This research examines the impact of the quality of corporate governance on the performance of two major and similar REIT markets - Hong Kong and Singapore. In this research, the quality of corporate governance is measured by a scoring system that is based on the APREA Corporate Governance Scoring Framework (APREA CGSF) developed by Lecomte and Ooi (2012) for Singapore REITs but modified to suit the characteristics and regulatory requirements of both Hong Kong and Singapore REIT markets. Firm performance is measured by Tobin's Q. The empirical analysis is based on panel data during 2007-2011 from Hong Kong and Singapore REIT markets. The empirical results show that the quality of corporate governance (as measured by the Integrated Corporate Governance Index or ICGI) has a significant and positive impact on firm performance, holding other factors constant. However, closer examination shows that only about 20% of all the governance provisions included in the ICGI have significant impact on firm performance. This research also finds that REITs with corporate governance that takes into consideration of the interests of other stakeholders in addition to those of the shareholders (such as provision for corporate social responsibility) do not perform better. Incidentally, the empirical results strongly suggest that Singapore REITs perform better than Hong Kong REITs after controlling for all known factors including the quality of corporate governance. This result calls for a deeper explanation. A more detailed study from a new institutional economics perspective may shed light on this issue. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5194755 Subjects: Real estate investment trusts - China - Hong Kong Corporate governance - China - Hong Kong Real estate investment trusts - Singapore Corporate governance - Singapore