Download or read book Analysis of Growth Factor Signaling in Embryos written by Malcolm Whitman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-08-15 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental biologists have been driven to investigate growth factor signaling in embryos in order to understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying a given developmental process. Thus, it is critical to explore the technical methods and experimental designs for growth factor signaling in embryos. Focusing on specific pathways or pathway comp

Download or read book Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

Download or read book Analysis of Drosophila Fibroblast Growth Factor Functional Domains written by Sarah L. Tulin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exciting Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) field lies at the crossroads of cell signaling, development, evolution, trafficking, physiology and human disease. A current challenge is to understand the mechanisms used by this signaling pathway to accomplish its myriad tasks in patterning the embryo, forming organs, and maintaining systems in the adult animal. My thesis work has focused on tackling this challenge in the model system of Drosophila melanogastor, the vinegar fly. By examining functional domains of Thisbe and Pyramus, FGF ligands in the fly, we have begun to understand the properties of Drosophila FGFs and the way in which they may contribute to regulation of FGF signaling. FGF ligands in vertebrates are small molecules that bind to a corresponding receptor through two immunoglobulin domains. The FGF ligands in Drosophila are predicted to be much larger molecules than their vertebrate homologs. Whether Drosophila FGFs bind to the receptor as full-length proteins or are first cleaved to smaller molecules was previously unknown. My thesis work addressed this question through experiments in Drosophila embryos and Drosophila cell culture. I found evidence that the N-terminal FGF-domain alone is capable of signaling by itself in the embryo. In addition, experiments in cell culture showed that Thisbe and Pyramus are secreted as small forms, presumably as a result of intracellular proteolytic cleavage. Cleaved forms for Thisbe and Pyramus were detected in embryonic extracts as well. The Ths ligand is also present outside the cell as a full-length form and this form may act to regulate the diffusion or activity of the ligand. Addition of the Thisbe C-terminus to the Pyramus N-terminus to make a Pyramus-Thisbe chimeric protein creates a protein that has reduced activity compared to Thisbe alone. The opposite Thisbe-Pyramus chimera creates a protein that has increased activity compared to Ths alone. Over the course of animal evolution the FGF superfamily has diversified in many ways. Understanding the mechanism of FGF signaling in Drosophila and comparing this to other Drosophilids, insects, and more distantly related animals will reveal the likely makeup of the ancestral FGF signaling system.

Download or read book Molecular Embryology written by Paul T. Sharpe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people have some interest in embryos; this probably results, in part, from their interest in understanding the biological origins of themselves and their offspring and, increasingly, concerns about how environmental change such as pollution might affect human development. Obviously, et- cal considerations preclude experimental studies of human embryos and, c- sequently, the developmental biologist has turned to other species to examine this process. Fortunately, the most significant conclusion to be drawn from the experimental embryology of the last two decades is the manner in which orthologous or closely related molecules are deployed to mediate similar - velopmental processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The molecular mechanisms regulating processes fundamental to most animals, such as axial patterning or axon guidance, are frequently conserved during evolution. (It is now widely believed that the differences between phyla and classes are the result of new genes, arising mostly by duplication and divergence of extant sequences, regulating the appearance of derived characters. ) Other vertebrates are obviously most likely to use the same devel- mental mechanisms as humans and, within the vertebrate subphylum, the - parent degree of conservation of developmental mechanism is considerable. It has long been recognized that particular vertebrate species offer either d- tinct advantages in investigating particular stages of development or are - pecially amenable to particular manipulations. No single animal can provide all the answers because not all types of experiments can be carried out on a single species.

Download or read book The Vertebrate Organizer written by Horst Grunz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-02-20 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The organizer area plays a central role in the formation of the embryonic axis and the central nervous system of all vertebrates including the human fetus. In The Vertebrate Organizer outstanding molecular development biologists and embryologists report their latest approaches in this fascinating research area using different vertebrate model organisms. The presented data are of central importance for the understanding of early human embryogenesis.

Download or read book Analysis of Drosophila Fibroblast Growth Factor Functional Domains written by Sarah L. Tulin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exciting Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) field lies at the crossroads of cell signaling, development, evolution, trafficking, physiology and human disease. A current challenge is to understand the mechanisms used by this signaling pathway to accomplish its myriad tasks in patterning the embryo, forming organs, and maintaining systems in the adult animal. My thesis work has focused on tackling this challenge in the model system of Drosophila melanogastor, the vinegar fly. By examining functional domains of Thisbe and Pyramus, FGF ligands in the fly, we have begun to understand the properties of Drosophila FGFs and the way in which they may contribute to regulation of FGF signaling. FGF ligands in vertebrates are small molecules that bind to a corresponding receptor through two immunoglobulin domains. The FGF ligands in Drosophila are predicted to be much larger molecules than their vertebrate homologs. Whether Drosophila FGFs bind to the receptor as full-length proteins or are first cleaved to smaller molecules was previously unknown. My thesis work addressed this question through experiments in Drosophila embryos and Drosophila cell culture. I found evidence that the N-terminal FGF-domain alone is capable of signaling by itself in the embryo. In addition, experiments in cell culture showed that Thisbe and Pyramus are secreted as small forms, presumably as a result of intracellular proteolytic cleavage. Cleaved forms for Thisbe and Pyramus were detected in embryonic extracts as well. The Ths ligand is also present outside the cell as a full-length form and this form may act to regulate the diffusion or activity of the ligand. Addition of the Thisbe C-terminus to the Pyramus N-terminus to make a Pyramus-Thisbe chimeric protein creates a protein that has reduced activity compared to Thisbe alone. The opposite Thisbe-Pyramus chimera creates a protein that has increased activity compared to Ths alone. Over the course of animal evolution the FGF superfamily has diversified in many ways. Understanding the mechanism of FGF signaling in Drosophila and comparing this to other Drosophilids, insects, and more distantly related animals will reveal the likely makeup of the ancestral FGF signaling system.

Download or read book Molecular Developmental Biology written by Society for Developmental Biology. Symposium and published by New York : A.R. Liss. This book was released on 1986 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-25 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.

Download or read book The Fibroblast Growth Factor Family written by Andrew Baird and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Oncology written by David J. Kerr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 2837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written and edited by internationally recognised leaders in the field, the new edition of the Oxford Textbook of Oncology has been fully revised and updated, taking into consideration the advancements in each of the major therapeutic areas, and representing the multidisciplinary management of cancer. Structured in six sections, the book provides an accessible scientific basis to the key topics of oncology, examining how cancer cells grow and function, as well as discussing the aetiology of cancer, and the general principles governing modern approaches to oncology treatment. The book examines the challenges presented by the treatment of cancer on a larger scale within population groups, and the importance of recognising and supporting the needs of individual patients, both during and after treatment. A series of disease-oriented, case-based chapters, ranging from acute leukaemia to colon cancer, highlight the various approaches available for managing the cancer patient, including the translational application of cancer science in order to personalise treatment. The advice imparted in these cases has relevance worldwide, and reflects a modern approach to cancer care. The Oxford Textbook of Oncology provides a comprehensive account of the multiple aspects of best practice in the discipline, making it an indispensable resource for oncologists of all grades and subspecialty interests.

Download or read book Manipulating the Mouse Embryo written by Andras Nagy and published by Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides background information and detailed protocols for developing a mouse colony and using the animals in transgenic and gene-targeting experiments. The protocols list the animals, equipment, and reagents required and step-by-step procedures. Topics include in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos, surgical procedures, the production of chimeras, and the analysis of genome alterations. The third edition adds protocols for cloning mice, modifying embryonic stem cells, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and cryopreservation of embryos.

Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Download or read book Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy written by Julie Whelan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.

Download or read book The Neural Crest written by Nicole Le Douarin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-11-28 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 edition of The Neural Crest contains comprehensive information about the neural crest, a structure unique to the vertebrate embryo, which has only a transient existence in early embryonic life. The ontogeny of the neural crest embodies the most important issues in developmental biology, as the neural crest is considered to have played a crucial role in evolution of the vertebrate phylum. Data that analyse neural crest ontogeny in murine and zebrafish embryos have been included in this revision. This revised edition also takes advantage of recent advances in our understanding of markers of neural crest cell subpopulations, and a full chapter is now devoted to cell lineage analysis. The major research breakthrough since the first edition has been the introduction of molecular biology to neural crest research, enabling an elucidation of many molecular mechanisms of neural crest development. This book is essential reading for students and researchers in developmental biology, cell biology, and neuroscience.

Download or read book Xenopus Development written by Malgorzata Kloc and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frogs from the genus Xenopus have long been used as model organisms in basic and biomedical research. These frogs have helped unlock key fundamental developmental and cellular processes that have led to important scientific breakthroughs and have had practical application in embryology, cancer research and regenerative medicine. Xenopus Development is a vital resource on the biology and development of these key model organisms, and will be a great tool to researchers using these frogs in various disciplines of biological science. Xenopus Development is divided into four sections, the first three highlight key processes in Xenopus development from embryo to metamophosis. These sections focus on the cellular processes, organogenesis and embryo development. The final section highlights novel techniques and approaches being used in Xenopus research. Providing thorough and detailed coverage, Xenopus Development, will be a timely and welcome volume for those working in cell and molecular biology, genetics, developmental biology and biomedical research. Provides broad overview of the developmental biology of both Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis Explores cellular to systems development in key biomedical model organisms Timely synthesis of the field of Xenopus biology Highlights key biomedical and basic biological findings unlocked by Xenopus

Download or read book Culture Media Solutions and Systems in Human ART written by Patrick Quinn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes culture media and solutions used in human ART; how they have been developed for in vitro human pre-implantation embryo development, the function and importance of the various components in media and solutions and how they interact, and how the systems in which these are used can influence outcomes. Chapters discuss inorganic solutes, energy substrates, amino acids, macromolecules, cytokines, growth factors, buffers, pH, osmolality, and the interaction of these parameters. The role of incubators and other physical factors are reviewed, along with the relevance and prospects of emerging technologies: morphokinetic analysis using time-lapse imaging and dynamic fluid incubation systems. Results of prospective randomized trials are emphasized to ascertain the added value of these techniques for selecting viable embryos. This comprehensive guide will be invaluable for embryologists, physicians and all personnel involved in the fluid products used in human ART seeking to optimize their successful use of these components.

Download or read book Cell Signaling During Mammalian Early Embryo Development written by Henry J. Leese and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book considers signaling events from the zygote embryo through to the blastocyst with relevant data from embryonic stem (ES) cells, including dialogue with the extracellular environment and with the maternal tract during the implantation process. Application of the knowledge described to improve the success of human and animal assisted conception is considered where appropriate, but the focus is largely on fundamental rather than applied cell/molecular biology, as this is the area that has historically been neglected. While the general features of metabolism during preimplantation development are well established, especially in terms of nutrient requirements, uptake and fate, remarkably little is known about early embryo signaling events, intracellular or intercellular, between individual embryos in vitro or with the female reproductive tract in vivo. This contrasts with the wealth of information on cell signaling in somatic cells and tissues, as a glance at any textbook of biochemistry illustrates. This lack of information is such that our understanding of the molecular cell biology of early embryos -- a prerequisite to defining the mechanisms which regulate development at this critical stage of the life cycle -- is seriously incomplete. This volume is the first to address this issue by describing the current state of knowledge on cell signaling during mammalian early embryo development and highlighting priority areas for research.