Download or read book Anaerobic Pitting Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Marine Sulfidogenic Environments written by Bret Harrison Davis and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microorganisms find their way into fuel tanks by multiple means. For example, some fuel tanks in U.S. Navy vessels utilize seawater to replace ballast lost to burned fuel. This introduces a consortium of aerobic and anaerobic fuel-degrading organisms that form biofilms on the tank's inner walls. These biofilms create oxic gradients; allowing aerobic and anaerobic organisms to live in synergistic alliance. The presence and activity of these organisms influence degradation of fuels and corrosion of tank materials. This thesis focuses on corrosion of iron under strict anaerobic (anoxic) sulfidogenic marine environments. Manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions are known sites of pitting corrosion in carbon steel in aqueous environments. This work investigates pitting corrosion of carbon steel under exposure to sulfate-reducing organisms in anaerobic marine environments. It was found that pitting was initiated in the boundary regions of MnS inclusions at normal pH. Corrosion in general was more pronounced in the presence of a biofilm of sulfatereducing bacteria than in abiotic sulfide medium. It is proposed that the initiation of an anodic reaction leading to the dissolution of the Fe matrix and subsequent pitting of steel in the boundary regions of MnS inclusions is due to strain exerted on the Fe matrix by MnS minerals mixed within the Fe matrix at the interface due to metallurgical processes. We discovered that on the average only 1 out of ~2200 inclusions (or ~2 pits per mm 2 area) are activated to initiate pitting corrosion at normal pH. This increases very rapidly and reaches to pitting densities of ~4200 pits/mm 2 at acidic conditions (pH 4). The main reason for this is because MnS inclusions start dissolving at low pH conditions via MnS+ 2H -- H 2S + Mn 2. This mechanism produces H 2S abiotically, which auto catalyzes the pits to grow along the long (hundreds of microns) micro-wires of MnS inclusions. At certain locations these micro-pits join together to give rise to macroscopic pitting in metals.

Download or read book Biocorrosion of 1018 Steel in Sulfide Rich Marine Environments written by Joshua Daniel Martin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbially induced corrosion (MIC) of steel due to the presence of sulfide is a leading cause of pit formation of carbon steel in fuel-seawater environments. While extensively studied, the exact causes of pitting corrosion in naval fuel tanks when exposed to MIC in the presence of fuel and seawater are not completely understood. This thesis focuses on the role that cold-rolling of carbon steel plays on corrosion while subjected to sulfidogenic, suboxic corrosive environments. Particularly, the effects of microscopic residual strain found within 1018 steel on the anodic dissolution of the metal is studied in different MIC sulfide environments using EBSD, AFM, FE-SEM, EDX, and electrochemistry. It is found that regions of increased plastic deformation of the crystalline lattice as a result of cold rolling correlate to an increase in anodic dissolution rates of 1018 steel coupons cut parallel to rolling direction. Image overlay provides a verification of the location of corrosion of samples to the same locations found in EBSD mapping taken prior to corrosion, ensuring the predictive value of EBSD analysis in establishing locations of accelerated corrosion. The effect of different corrosion environments on the corrosion rate of steel is measured through electrochemistry. Values obtained through these measurements are applied using mechanochemical theories to predict the localized dissolution rate of the steel due to strain using computational methods. Mechanochemical analysis of the strained areas results in predicted corrosion rates within an order of magnitude of the corrosion rates measured using AFM for the exposed time period at the same locations. Areas exhibiting increased corrosion rates occur in areas exhibiting increased strain as measured by EBSD analysis. Further electrochemical results show an increase in corrosion rates for suboxic sulfide rich systems containing low levels of oxygen, when compared to anaerobic sulfide environments. Variations in corrosion current density as a function of oxygen presence, as measured by electrochemistry, accurately predict variations in mechanochemical corrosion rates of strained areas well within an order of magnitude. Results from this study support the use of EBSD as a means to further the understanding of pitting corrosion as a function of material properties.

Download or read book Failure Analysis of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion written by Richard B. Eckert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-07 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failure Analysis of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion serves as a complete guide to corrosion failure analysis with an emphasis on the diagnosis of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). By applying the principles of chemistry, microbiology, and metallurgy, readers will be able to reliably determine the mechanistic cause of corrosion damage and failures and select the appropriate methods for mitigating future corrosion incidents. FEATURES Provides background information on the forensic process, types of data or evidence needed to perform the analysis, industrial case studies, details on the MIC failure analysis process, and protocols for field and lab use Presents up-to-date advances in molecular technologies and their application to corrosion failure investigations Offers specific guidelines for conducting MIC failure analyses and case studies to illustrate their application Examines state-of-the-art information on MIC analytical tools and methods With authors with expertise in microbiology, corrosion, materials, and failure investigation, this book provides tools for engineers, scientists, and technologists to successfully combat MIC issues.

Download or read book The Anaerobic Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Concrete written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Anaerobic Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Concrete written by C. C. Naish and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pitting Corrosion in Marine Environments written by Robert E. Melchers and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Mechanisms of Mild Steel Corrosion in the Marine Environment with Special Reference to the Sulfate Reducing Bacteria written by Charles Allen Willingham and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Sulfidogenic Environments written by Renxing Liang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Anaerobic Corrosion of Mild Steel in Seawater Induced by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Srb written by Lichong Xu and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Illustrated Case Histories of Marine Corrosion written by European Federation of Corrosion and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 1990 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide engineers with an elementary review of cases of corrosion damage which may occur during marine service and advise on possible remedial action.

Download or read book Pitting Corrosion of Mild Steel in Marine Immersion Environment written by R. E. Melchers and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present paper presents new field data and interprets literature data for pitting corrosion depth as a function of time using a modification of the recently proposed multi-phase model for marine immersion corrosion." --p. 1.

Download or read book An Evaluation of Carbon Steel Corrosion Under Stagnant Seawater Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion, of 1020 carbon steel coupons in, natural seawater over a six-month period was more aggressive under stagnant anaerobic conditions than stagnant aerobic conditions as measured by weight loss and instantaneous corrosion rate (polarization resistance) tinder oxygenated conditions, a two-tiered oxide layer. formed. The outer oxide layer was reddish-brown and contained numerous filamentous bacteria. The inner oxide was extreme tenacious and resistant to acid-cleaning . Under anaerobic conditions, a non-tenacious sulfur-rich corrosion product wub enmeshed bacteria formed on carbon steel surfaces. In both aerobic and anaerobic exposures, corrosion was more aggressive on horizontally oriented coupons compared to vertically oriented samples. Bulk water chemistry and microbial populations were measured as a function of rime. Despite the stagnant conditions, both were dynamic.

Download or read book Anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in concrete progress report for the period 1st January 30th June 1989 written by C. C. Naish and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion of carbon steel under anaerobic conditions in a repository for SF and HLW in opalinus clay written by Fraser King and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Systematic Study of Corrosion and Corrosion Control of Carbon Steel in Marine Environment written by Kuang Hoe Ho and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion and Materials in Hydrocarbon Production written by Dr. Bijan Kermani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensively covers the engineering aspects of corrosion and materials in hydrocarbon production This book captures the current understanding of corrosion processes in upstream operations and provides a brief overview of parameters and measures needed for optimum design of facilities. It focuses on internal corrosion occurring in hydrocarbon production environments and the key issues affecting its occurrence, including: the types and morphology of corrosion damage; principal metallic materials deployed; and mitigating measures to optimise its occurrence. The book also highlights important areas of progress and challenges, and looks toward the future of research and development to enable improved and economical design of facilities for oil and a gas production. Written for both those familiar and unfamiliar with the subject—and by two authors with more than 60 years combined industry experience—this book covers everything from Corrosion Resistant Alloys (CRAs) to internal metal loss corrosion threats, corrosion in injection systems to microbiologically influenced corrosion, corrosion risk analysis to corrosion and integrity management, and more, notably: Comprehensively covers the engineering aspects of corrosion and materials in hydrocarbon production Written by two, renowned experts in the field Offers practical guide to those unfamiliar with the subject whilst providing a focused roadmap to addressing the topics in a precise and methodical manner Covers all aspects of corrosion threat and remedial and mitigation measures in upstream hydrocarbon production applicable to sub-surface, surface, and transportation facilities Outlines technology challenges that need further research as a pre-cursor to moving the industry forward. Operational and Engineering Aspects of Corrosion and Materials in Hydrocarbon Production is an excellent guide for both practicing materials and corrosion engineers working in hydrocarbons production as well as those entering the area who may not be fully familiar with the subject.

Download or read book CJChE written by and published by . This book was released on 2005-08 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: