Download or read book An Ounce of Prevention a Pound of Uncertainty written by Jonathan Paul Caulkins and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 1999 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the war on drugs, children are on the front lines. Is just saying no protection enough? The authors examine the results of popular school drug prevention programs to determine how effective they are at reducing cocaine use and whether these programs are money well spent, when compared with drug-enforcement or drug-treatment programs.
Download or read book School Based Drug Prevention written by Jonathan P. Caulkins and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2002-12-17 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School-based drug prevention, popular with the public and politicians alike, is now a nearly universal experience for American youth. Analysis has shown that the best programs can reduce use of a wide range of substances. But questions remain regarding how to think about and, hence, fund, these programs. Should they be viewed principally as weapons in the war against illicit drugs, or, at the other extreme, do prevention programs benefit students and society most by reducing use of alcohol and tobacco? The authors address these questions by comparing for the first time the social benefits of school-based prevention programs' long-run impacts on a diverse set of different substances.
Download or read book Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency written by James C. Howell and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2003-02-24 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to inform students about the latest research and the most promising and effective programs and for understanding, preventing and controlling juvenile delinquency. The book is geared to preparing students for a career in juvenile justice or related social service systems, and becoming research or program development specialists. The history of current juvenile justice system policies and practices are examined, including the juvenile violence "epidemic." Key myths about juvenile violence and the ability of the juvenile justice system to handle modern-day juvenile delinquents are critically examined. Developmental theories of juvenile delinquency are applied to understanding how juvenile offender careers evolve. Effective prevention and rehabilitation programs and what does not work are reviewed. A comprehensive framework for building a continuum of effective programs is presented in Part III.
Download or read book Uncertainty in Policy Making written by Michael Heazle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainty in Policy Making explores how uncertainty is interpreted and used by policy makers, experts and politicians. It argues that conventional notions of rational, evidence-based policy making - hailed by governments and organisations across the world as the only way to make good policy - is an impossible aim in highly complex and uncertain environments; the blind pursuit of such a 'rational' goal is in fact irrational in a world of competing values and interests. The book centres around two high-profile and important case studies: the Iraq war and climate change policy in the US, UK and Australia. Based on three years' research, including interviews with experts such as Hans Blix, Paul Pillar, and Brian Jones, these two case studies show that the treatment of uncertainty issues in specialist advice is largely determined by how well the advice fits with or contradicts the policy goals and orientation of the policy elite. Instead of allowing the debates to be side-tracked by arguments over whose science or expert advice is 'more right', we must accept that uncertainty in complex issues is unavoidable and recognise the values and interests that lie at the heart of the issues. The book offers a 'hedging' approach which will enable policy makers to manage rather than eliminate uncertainty.
Download or read book Preventing Harmful Substance Use written by Tim Stockwell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevention of harm from drug use, both legal and illegal, is a major concern to government departments and clinicians throughout the world. Recently, much new research has been conducted regarding global levels and patterns of drug-related harm, on common risk factors with other social problems (e.g. mental health, crime) and on the effectiveness of wide range of intervention strategies. There is a need to summarise and synthesise this new knowledge for use in a range of disciplines. Preventing Harmful Substance Use offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date advice available on the prevention of drug and alcohol abuse. Contributors provide authoritative, science-based reviews of knowledge on their areas of expertise, and make clear recommendations for the future of prevention policy and practice. A final section draws the work together and offers a framework for an integrated science of prevention.
Download or read book When Brute Force Fails written by Mark A. R. Kleiman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cost-effective methods for improving crime control in America Since the crime explosion of the 1960s, the prison population in the United States has multiplied fivefold, to one prisoner for every hundred adults—a rate unprecedented in American history and unmatched anywhere in the world. Even as the prisoner head count continues to rise, crime has stopped falling, and poor people and minorities still bear the brunt of both crime and punishment. When Brute Force Fails explains how we got into the current trap and how we can get out of it: to cut both crime and the prison population in half within a decade. Mark Kleiman demonstrates that simply locking up more people for lengthier terms is no longer a workable crime-control strategy. But, says Kleiman, there has been a revolution—largely unnoticed by the press—in controlling crime by means other than brute-force incarceration: substituting swiftness and certainty of punishment for randomized severity, concentrating enforcement resources rather than dispersing them, communicating specific threats of punishment to specific offenders, and enforcing probation and parole conditions to make community corrections a genuine alternative to incarceration. As Kleiman shows, "zero tolerance" is nonsense: there are always more offenses than there is punishment capacity. But, it is possible—and essential—to create focused zero tolerance, by clearly specifying the rules and then delivering the promised sanctions every time the rules are broken. Brute-force crime control has been a costly mistake, both socially and financially. Now that we know how to do better, it would be immoral not to put that knowledge to work.
Download or read book Questioning Crime and Criminology written by Moira Peelo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at criminology students, this text focuses on the key issues associated with crime, social regulation and control, and social responsibility. It questions the clichés associated with public discussion of crime by acknowledging the common frameworkswithin which crime and criminality are explored.
Download or read book Handbook of Addictive Disorders written by Robert Holman Coombs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-28 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive source for the latest research and practicetechniques for diagnosing and treating addictive disorders "This book brings together an array of international experts onaddictive disorders. Robert Coombs's Handbook of AddictiveDisorders discusses the contemporary issues surrounding theunderstanding of addiction, from diagnosis to treatment of anaddicted client. The Handbook of Addictive Disorders is anexample of practical and clinical information at its best." -Lorraine D. Grymala, Executive Director American Academy of HealthCare Providers in the Addictive Disorders The Handbook of Addictive Disorders: A Practical Guide toDiagnosis and Treatment is a comprehensive, state-of-the-artresource, featuring valuable contributions from a multidisciplinaryteam of leading experts. This unique guide deftly defines addictionand examines its comorbidity with other problems. Subsequentchapters present an overview of addictive disorders coupled withstrategies for accurately diagnosing them, planning effectivetreatment, and selecting appropriate interventions. Chapters onpublic policy and prevention are of indispensable value in light ofthis growing health concern. The only reference available to cover the full spectrum ofaddictions and addictive behaviors, the Handbook of AddictiveDisorders provides the most current research and treatmentstrategies for overcoming: Chemical dependency Workaholism Compulsive gambling Eating disorders Sex addiction Compulsive buying This useful guide features case studies, figures and diagrams,lists of practical interventions for each disorder, andself-assessment exercises for clients. Psychologists, addiction counselors, social workers, and othersworking in the addictions field will find the Handbook ofAddictive Disorders to be an essential resource for practical,validated information on all types of addictions and their relatedproblems.
Download or read book New Approaches to Drug Policies written by Jonathan D. Rosen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US-led war on drugs has failed: drugs remain purer, cheaper and more readily available than ever. Extreme levels of violence have also grown as drug traffickers and organized criminals compete for control of territory. This book points towards a number of crucial challenges, policy solutions and alternatives to the current drug strategies.
Download or read book Operations Research and Health Care written by Margaret L. Brandeau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-04 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In both rich and poor nations, public resources for health care are inadequate to meet demand. Policy makers and health care providers must determine how to provide the most effective health care to citizens using the limited resources that are available. This chapter describes current and future challenges in the delivery of health care, and outlines the role that operations research (OR) models can play in helping to solve those problems. The chapter concludes with an overview of this book – its intended audience, the areas covered, and a description of the subsequent chapters. KEY WORDS Health care delivery, Health care planning HEALTH CARE DELIVERY: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES 3 1.1 WORLDWIDE HEALTH: THE PAST 50 YEARS Human health has improved significantly in the last 50 years. In 1950, global life expectancy was 46 years [1]. That figure rose to 61 years by 1980 and to 67 years by 1998 [2]. Much of these gains occurred in low- and middle-income countries, and were due in large part to improved nutrition and sanitation, medical innovations, and improvements in public health infrastructure.
Download or read book An Ounce of Prevention a Pound of Uncertainty written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Crime and Public Policy written by Michael H. Tonry and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2009 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a comprehensive examination of crimes as public policy subjects to provide an authoritative overview of current knowledge about the nature, scale, and effects of diverse forms of criminal behaviour and of efforts to prevent and control them.
Download or read book Drugs and the Future written by David J. Nutt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-12-11 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drugs and the Future presents 13 reviews collected to present the new advances in all areas of addiction research, including knowledge gained from mapping the human genome, the improved understanding of brain pathways and functions that are stimulated by addictive drugs, experimental and clinical psychology approaches to addiction and treatment, as well as both ethical considerations and social policy. The book also includes chapters on the history of addictive substances and some personal narratives of addiction. Introduced by Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of the Office of Science and Technology, and Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA, the book uniquely covers the full range of disciplines which can provide insight into the future of addiction, from genetics to the humanities. Written for a scientific audience, it is also applicable to non-specialists as well. - Provides an unique overview of what we know about addiction, and how scientific knowledge can and should be applied in the societal, ethical, and political context - Applies the state-of-the-art research in fields such as Genomics, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Social Policy and Ethics to addiction research - Includes a preface by Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of the Office of Science and Technology, and in introduction by Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA
Download or read book Investing in the Disadvantaged written by David L. Weimer and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With budgets squeezed at every level of government, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) holds outstanding potential for assessing the efficiency of many programs. In this first book to address the application of CBA to social policy, experts examine ten of the most important policy domains: early childhood development, elementary and secondary schools, health care for the disadvantaged, mental illness, substance abuse and addiction, juvenile crime, prisoner reentry programs, housing assistance, work-incentive programs for the unemployed and employers, and welfare-to-work interventions. Each contributor discusses the applicability of CBA to actual programs, describing both proven and promising examples. The editors provide an introduction to cost-benefit analysis, assess the programs described, and propose a research agenda for promoting its more widespread application in social policy. Investing in the Disadvantaged considers how to face America’s most urgent social needs with shrinking resources, showing how CBA can be used to inform policy choices that produce social value.
Download or read book Cost Effectiveness Analysis written by Henry M. Levin and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2000-09-27 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Second Edition of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis continues to provide the most current, step-by-step guide to planning and implementing a cost analysis study. Henry M. Levin and Patrick J. McEwan use detailed and varied examples from studies and articles, ranging from education to public health, to introduce the principles and practice of cost-effectiveness analysis. The authors take account of both the costs and the effects of selecting alternatives, and suggest methods of minimizing the costs of research. New to this edition: expanded coverage of cost effectiveness from types of technique to use, to how to interpret the data; the latest information on cost benefits analysis and how to relate it to outcome measures; in-depth chapter-end exercises to enable readers to sharpen their ability to evaluate policy options and program effectiveness; feedback appendix for readers to evaluate their responses to exercises; comprehensive bibliography of methodological sources on cost analysis and educational settings grouped by category. This thorough volume primes the reader to deal with any evaluation situation by studying cost-effective analysis in relation to cost-benefit analysis, cost-utility analysis, and cost-feasibility analysis.
Download or read book Informing America s Policy on Illegal Drugs written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-09-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should the war on drugs be fought? Everyone seems to agree that the United States ought to use a combination of several different approaches to combat the destructive effects of illegal drug use. Yet there is a remarkable paucity of data and research information that policy makers require if they are to create a useful, realistic policy package-details about drug use, drug market economics, and perhaps most importantly the impact of drug enforcement activities. Informing America's Policy on Illegal Drugs recommends ways to close these gaps in our understanding-by obtaining the necessary data on drug prices and consumption (quantity in addition to frequency); upgrading federal management of drug statistics; and improving our evaluation of prevention, interdiction, enforcement, and treatment efforts. The committee reviews what we do and do not know about illegal drugs and how data are assembled and used by federal agencies. The book explores the data and research information needed to support strong drug policy analysis, describes the best methods to use, explains how to avoid misleading conclusions, and outlines strategies for increasing access to data. Informing America's Policy on Illegal Drugs also discusses how researchers can incorporate randomization into studies of drug treatment and how state and local agencies can compare alternative approaches to drug enforcement. Charting a course toward a better-informed illegal drugs policy, this book will be important to federal and state policy makers, regulators, researchers, program administrators, enforcement officials, journalists, and advocates concerned about illegal drug use.
Download or read book Detective Fiction in a Postcolonial and Transnational World written by Nels Pearson and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking up a neglected area in the study of the crime novel, this collection investigates the growing number of writers who adapt conventions of detective fiction to expose problems of law, ethics, and identity that arise in postcolonial and transnational settings. Essays explore novels set in Latin America, the Caribbean, India, and North America, including novels that view the American metropolis through the eyes of minority detectives
