Download or read book An Eco Compensation Policy Framework for the People s Republic of China written by Qingfeng Zhang and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth has multiplied the environmental challenges faced by the People's Republic of China but has also created opportunities, by increasing available funding for environmental management and conservation. At the nexus of these countervailing trends, policy makers have been experimenting with new approaches to environmental management under the broad heading of "eco-compensation". Many of these are market-based, particularly payments for ecosystem services; an emerging policy debate is regarding the extent to which beneficiaries should pay, and the providers should be compensated, for the provision of natural resources and environmental services to promote sustainable, balanced growth. This paper synthesizes the findings of the International Conference on Payments for Ecological Services convened in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in September 2009 to support eco-compensation programs in the country.
Download or read book Eco Compensation for Watershed Services in the People s Republic of China written by Qingfeng Zhang and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The People's Republic of China (PRC) is seeking new approaches to improve water management outcomes in the face of a growing water crisis caused by ongoing pollution control and watershed management challenges. This has included numerous experiments in "eco-compensation" (which shares characteristics with payments for ecological services). This paper details progress in creating a national eco-compensation ordinance and discusses the ongoing institutional challenges in its effective development. Water is possibly the single most-pressing resource bottleneck of economic growth for the PRC over the medium term. As such, the degree to which such initiatives are ultimately successful is not only critical for the PRC but also has major ramifications for global food, fuel, and commodity markets and production chains.
Download or read book Toward a National Eco compensation Regulation in the People s Republic of China written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Asian Development Bank and the National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (PRC) undertook a study on eco-compensation regulations development in the country, on which this publication is based. The study examined the PRC's theory, practice, and legislation governing eco-compensation in selected ecological areas to map out the scope and content of a national eco-compensation regulation. Pursuit of its higher agenda of ecological civilization and development of its national eco-compensation regulation will require the PRC to capture the diversity that subnational projects have tapped, integrate its experience with eco-compensation at all levels of government into a coherent national regulatory framework, and harmonize this framework with existing laws and other legal instruments.
Download or read book Reviving Lakes and Wetlands in People s Republic of China Volume 3 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sanjiang Plain wetlands are among the most important wetlands in the People’s Republic of China with unique habitats, species, and ecology. There is a considerable body of literature devoted to various aspects of the Sanjiang Plain wetlands including their ecological values. Building on lessons from the Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project supported by the Asian Development Bank and the Global Environment Facility---and based on a comprehensive literature review and discussions with experts who have been directly involved in wetland conservation efforts---this publication synthesizes current knowledge on the Sanjiang Plain wetlands, best practices, and options for achieving sustainable wetland management.
Download or read book Toward an Environmentally Sustainable Future written by Qingfeng Zhang and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents the results of a 2-year effort to update environmental assessment in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The research was a collaborative effort involving the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, and numerous other technical and research institutions in the PRC. Based on this research and extensive consultations, ADB proposes a wide range of programs and policies that will help improve environmental quality despite new and emerging sources of pollution and challenges to natural resources management. Inclusive growth and a green economy are the government's guiding principles for its development agenda under the 12th Five-Year Plan and beyond to 2020. To support these principles, the PRC needs to restructure its economic and fiscal systems to reflect environmental externality, expand the use of market-based instruments to control pollution, and introduce and implement legal reforms to clarify responsibility and promote cooperation.
Download or read book Transboundary Water Cooperation written by Patricia Wouters and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China and its neighbours face a series of water security issues, in which international law plays a vital role. Paramount to both policymakers and researchers in the field of water law, the current status of transboundary water cooperation schemes and how these operate in China is of global significance. Grounded in international experience, this comprehensive volume provides readers with an up-to-date overview of current international transboundary water resource sharing policies and practices, including detailed case studies at both domestic and international levels. The authors discuss existing international laws, treaties, and principles that may stimulate transboundary water cooperation and dialogue, and then analyse a number of international experiences with treaties in North America, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia. They take stock of China’s water resource issues, legal practices and options, examine case studies of China’s southern shared rivers, and explore some innovative approaches to cooperative management of shared waters within China. The articles in this book were originally published in the journal Water International.
Download or read book Addressing Water Security in the People s Republic of China written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although accounting for about 20% of the global population, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is endowed with only 7% of the world’s water resources. The country faces severe water scarcity, high levels of urbanization and population growth, and climate change. For the PRC’s continuing development, it must protect and develop its freshwater resources. This publication provides recommended policy initiatives to ensure the PRC’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020) contributes to significant improvements in national water security, particularly in extreme water-scarce provinces. Some actions proposed for increased water security are better water resources management, more cross-sector planning, deeper reform of the water pricing system, and creation of water markets.
Download or read book Managing the Middle Income Transition written by Juzhong Zhuang and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth model of the People�s Republic of China (PRC) has been based on high investment and exports, a low-cost advantage, and government interventions. This model has successfully transformed the country from a low-income to an upper middle-income
Download or read book Urban Water Management for Future Cities written by Stephan Köster and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features expert contributions on key sustainability aspects of urban water management in Chinese agglomerations. Both technical and institutional pathways to sustainable urban water management are developed on the basis of a broad, interdisciplinary problem analysis.
Download or read book Environmentally Sustainable Development in the People s Republic of China written by Qingfeng Zhang and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid pace of growth, the sectoral structure of the economy, the sources of energy used, and increased urbanization are four large-scale drivers behind the complex environmental agenda of the People's Republic of China (PRC). To improve the quality of the ambient environment, the recently released Macro Strategic Research Report on the PRC's Environment recognized the need for changing the momentum of the four driving forces, and included visions throughout 2050 for long-term environmentally sustainable development. Revisiting these visions for the future, this paper examines the key elements that the government needs to keep in mind in its efforts toward environmentally sustainable development, and articulates the role that the Asian Development Bank can play in contributing to the government's environmental agenda in the next decade.
Download or read book China s International Transboundary Rivers written by Lei Xie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has forty major transboundary watercourses with neighbouring countries, and has frequently been accused of harming its downstream neighbours through its domestic water management policies, such as the construction of dams for hydropower. This book provides an understanding of water security in Asia by investigating how shared water resources affect China’s relationships with neighbouring countries in South, East, Southeast and Central Asia. Since China is an upstream state on most of its shared transboundary rivers, the country’s international water policy is at the core of Asia’s water security. These water disputes have had strong implications for China’s interstate relations, and also influenced its international water policy alongside domestic concerns over water resource management. This book investigates China’s policy responses to domestic water crises and examines China’s international water policy as well as its strategy in dealing with international cooperation. The authors describe the key elements of water diplomacy in Asia which demonstrate varying degrees of effectiveness of environmental agreements. It shows how China has established various institutional arrangements with neighbouring countries, primarily in the form of bilateral agreements over hydrological data exchange. Detailed case studies are included of the Mekong, Brahmaputra, Ili and Amur rivers.
Download or read book ADB Accountability Mechanism written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Accountability Mechanism became effective on 24 May 2012 after a full-scale review of the 2003 version. The review resulted in clearer and closer collaboration between the functions of problem solving—handled by the Office of the Special Project Facilitator (OSPF)—and those of compliance review by the Office of the Compliance Review Panel (OCRP). This report marks the first joint Accountability Mechanism Annual Report of the OSPF and OCRP in the spirit of promoting synergy in the new Accountability Mechanism. It outlines complaint-related activities of the OSPF and OCRP in 2012 and touches on its outreach and the information-sharing initiatives of the new Accountability Mechanism. Background ADB's Accountability Mechanism allows persons affected by ADB-assisted projects to submit complaints about harm resulting from those projects. It is guided by the principles of: responsiveness to project-affected persons’ concerns; fairness to all stakeholders; independence and transparency; cost effectiveness and efficiency; and complementing other ADB systems (including supervision, audit, and quality control).
Download or read book A River Flows Through It written by Selina Ho and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A River Flows Through It: A Comparative Study of Transboundary Water Disputes and Cooperation in Asia explores water disputes in Asia and addresses the question of how states sharing a river system can be incentivized to cooperate. Water scarcity is a major environmental, societal, and economic problem around the world. Increasing demand for water as a result of rapid economic development, high population growth and density has depleted the world’s water resources, leading to floods, droughts, environmental disasters, and societal displacement. Shared river basins are therefore often a source of tension and conflict between states. In regions where relations between countries have historically been conflictual, scarce river water resources have exacerbated tensions and have even sparked wars. Yet, more often than not, states sharing a river basin are able to come to some form of agreement, whether they are far-reaching ones such as water-sharing agreements or those that are more limited such as the sharing of hydrological data. Why do riparian states cooperate, especially when power asymmetries between upstream and downstream countries are characteristic of transboundary river basins? How do non-state actors affect the management of international rivers? What are the conditions that facilitate or hinder cooperation? This book wrestles with these questions by exploring water disputes and cooperation in the major river systems in Asia, and by comparing them with cases in Africa, Europe, and the United States. This book will be of great value to scholars, students, and policymakers interested in transboundary water disputes and cooperation, hydro-diplomacy, and river activism. It was originally published as special issues of Water International.
Download or read book Transforming Towards a High Income People s Republic of China written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The People's Republic of China (PRC) has experienced stellar economic performance over the last 3 decades. Gross domestic product growth has averaged 10% per year. Per capita income has increased by a factor of 13. Life expectancy at birth increased from 67 to 73 years. Rapid growth, however, has posed eight challenges for the PRC: industrial transformation, balanced rural-urban development, human resource transformation, environmental protection, climate change mitigation, water security, subnational debt management, and further integration with the international economic system. In 2013, the Asian Development Bank helped the PRC prepare the 13th Five-Year Plan 2016-2020. This report summarizes key issues and recommends practical policy options to address the PRC's challenges.
Download or read book Globalization Political Institutions and the Environment in Developing Countries written by Gabriele Spilker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though industrialized countries are usually the ones indicted when environmental pollution is discussed, over the few last years the rate of emissions in developing countries has increased by a startling amount. The fallout from this increase is evidenced by the struggle of cities like Beijing to improve their air quality. Yet there also exist developing countries such as Thailand that have managed to limit their emissions to more tolerable levels, raising the question: why are some developing countries more willing or able to take care of their environment than others? In this volume, Gabriele Spilker proposes two factors for the differences in developing countries’ environmental performance: integration into the international system and domestic political institutions. Focusing on developing countries generally but also closely examining important global powers such as China and India, Spilker employs a rigorous quantitative analysis to demonstrate the importance of considering various aspects of the international system, in order to draw more comprehensive conclusions about how globalization affects environmental performance. She asserts that democratic political institutions can shield developing countries from the negative consequences of either trade or foreign direct investment. But at the same time, developing countries, by avoiding demanding commitments, are more likely to use environmental treaties as a cover than as a real plan of action. Adding a new dimension to the existing body of research on environmental quality and commitment, Spilker convincingly demonstrates how international and domestic political factors interact to shape developing countries’ ability and willingness to care for their natural environment.
Download or read book Buyer Regulator and Enabler The Government s Role in Ecosystem Services Markets written by Sara J. Scherr and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper was originally produced for the "International Conference on Payments for Environmental Services," held in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China on 6-7 September 2009, and jointly hosted by the People's Republic of China's National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It is part of the full volume of conference proceedings published by ADB in December 2010, entitled "Payments for Ecological Services and Eco-Compensation: Practices and Innovations in the People's Republic of China".
Download or read book Echoes of Success written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2024-09-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication looks at five projects in the People's Republic of China (PRC) to illustrate how effective solutions to environmental and social problems can be replicated. It focuses on the areas of nature conservation, green finance, road safety, renewable energy, and water resources management, and considers how knowledge sharing has helped inspire and shape other projects in the PRC and beyond. The case studies highlight how adaptable lessons from successful projects can help accelerate the green transition and build a more resilient future.
