Download or read book A Logical Theory of Nonmonotonic Inference and Belief Change written by Alexander Bochman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book that integrates nonmonotonic reasoning and belief change into a single framework from an artificial intelligence logic point-of-view. The approach to both these subjects is based on a powerful notion of an epistemic state that subsumes both existing models for nonmonotonic inference and current models for belief change. Many results and constructions in the book are completely new and have not appeared earlier in the literature.

Download or read book Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Gerhard Brewka and published by Stanford Univ Center for the Study. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonmonotonic reasoning in its broadest sense is reasoning to conclusions on the basis of incomplete information. Given more information, previously drawn inferences may be retracted. Commonsense reasoning has a nonmonotonic component; it has been argued that almost all commonsense inferences are of this sort. From the end of the 1980s to the present there has been an explosion in research in nonmonotonic reasoning. It is now possible to understand more clearly the properties of the major formalisms from a metatheoretical point of view, the relationships among the formalisms and their connection to independently developed proof methods. The goal of this monograph is to make this understanding more accessible.

Download or read book Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty written by Michael Clarke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-10-20 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years it has become apparent that an important part of the theory of artificial intelligence is concerned with reasoning on the basis of uncertain, incomplete, or inconsistent information. A variety of formalisms have been developed, including nonmonotonic logic, fuzzy sets, possibility theory, belief functions, and dynamic models of reasoning such as belief revision and Bayesian networks. Several European research projects have been formed in the area and the first European conference was held in 1991. This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at ECSQARU-93, the European Conference on Symbolicand Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty, held at the University of Granada, Spain, November 8-10, 1993.

Download or read book Explanatory Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Alexander Bochman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many approaches in the field of nonmonotonic and ?commonsense? reasoning are actually different representations of the same basic ideas and constructions. This book gives a logical formalization of the original, explanatory approach to nonmonotonic reasoning. It uses the basic formalism of biconsequence relations, as well as derived systems of default, autoepistemic and causal inference, to cover in a single framework such diverse systems as default logic, autoepistemic and modal nonmonotonic logics, input/output and causal logics, argumentation theory, and semantics of general logic programs with negation as failure. This approach provides a clear separation between logical (monotonic) and nonmonotonic aspects of nonmonotonic reasoning. The separation allows, in particular, to single out the logics underlying modern logic programming and restore thereby the connection between logic programming and logic.

Download or read book The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume of the Handbook of the History of Logic brings together two of the most important developments in 20th century non-classical logic. These are many-valuedness and non-monotonicity. On the one approach, in deference to vagueness, temporal or quantum indeterminacy or reference-failure, sentences that are classically non-bivalent are allowed as inputs and outputs to consequence relations. Many-valued, dialetheic, fuzzy and quantum logics are, among other things, principled attempts to regulate the flow-through of sentences that are neither true nor false. On the second, or non-monotonic, approach, constraints are placed on inputs (and sometimes on outputs) of a classical consequence relation, with a view to producing a notion of consequence that serves in a more realistic way the requirements of real-life inference. Many-valued logics produce an interesting problem. Non-bivalent inputs produce classically valid consequence statements, for any choice of outputs. A major task of many-valued logics of all stripes is to fashion an appropriately non-classical relation of consequence.The chief preoccupation of non-monotonic (and default) logicians is how to constrain inputs and outputs of the consequence relation. In what is called "left non-monotonicity, it is forbidden to add new sentences to the inputs of true consequence-statements. The restriction takes notice of the fact that new information will sometimes override an antecedently (and reasonably) derived consequence. In what is called "right non-monotonicity, limitations are imposed on outputs of the consequence relation. Most notably, perhaps, is the requirement that the rule of or-introduction not be given free sway on outputs. Also prominent is the effort of paraconsistent logicians, both preservationist and dialetheic, to limit the outputs of inconsistent inputs, which in classical contexts are wholly unconstrained.In some instances, our two themes coincide. Dialetheic logics are a case in point. Dialetheic logics allow certain selected sentences to have, as a third truth value, the classical values of truth and falsity together. So such logics also admit classically inconsistent inputs. A central task is to construct a right non-monotonic consequence relation that allows for these many-valued, and inconsistent, inputs.The Many Valued and Non-Monotonic Turn in Logic is an indispensable research tool for anyone interested in the development of logic, including researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in logic, history of logic, mathematics, history of mathematics, computer science, AI, linguistics, cognitive science, argumentation theory, and the history of ideas. - Detailed and comprehensive chapters covering the entire range of modal logic. - Contains the latest scholarly discoveries and interprative insights that answers many questions in the field of logic.

Download or read book Belief Change written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Belief change is an emerging field of artificial intelligence and information science dedicated to the dynamics of information and the present book provides a state-of-the-art picture of its formal foundations. It deals with the addition, deletion and combination of pieces of information and, more generally, with the revision, updating and fusion of knowledge bases. The book offers an extensive coverage of, and seeks to reconcile, two traditions in the kinematics of belief that often ignore each other - the symbolic and the numerical (often probabilistic) approaches. Moreover, the work encompasses both revision and fusion problems, even though these two are also commonly investigated by different communities. Finally, the book presents the numerical view of belief change, beyond the probabilistic framework, covering such approaches as possibility theory, belief functions and convex gambles. The work thus presents a unified view of belief change operators, drawing from a widely scattered literature embracing philosophical logic, artificial intelligence, uncertainty modelling and database systems. The material is a clearly organised guide to the literature on the dynamics of epistemic states, knowledge bases and uncertain information, suitable for scholars and graduate students familiar with applied logic, knowledge representation and uncertain reasoning.

Download or read book Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Gerhard Brewka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of the seminal special issue on nonmonotonic logics by the Artificial Intelligence Journal in 1980 resulted in a new area of research in knowledge representation and changed the mainstream paradigm of logic that originated in antiquity. It led to discoveries of connections between logic, knowledge representation and computation, and attracted not only computer scientists but also logicians, mathematicians and philosophers. Nonmonotonic reasoning concerns situations when information is incomplete or uncertain. Thus, conclusions drawn lack iron-clad certainty that comes with classical logic reasoning. New information, even if the original one is retained, may change conclusions. Formal ways to capture mechanisms involved in nonmonotonic reasoning, and to exploit them for computation as in the answer set programming paradigm are at the heart of this research area. The conference NonMon@30 - Thirty Years of Nonmonotonic Reasoning, held in Lexington, KY, USA, October 22-25, 2010, aimed to sum up the experience of the first 30 years of nonmonotonic logics and to map paths into the future. It comprised eighteen invited talks and several technical presentations. The present volume consists of the texts based on twelve of the invited presentations. These papers offer unique insights into the key questions that have been driving the development of nonmonotonic reasoning and suggest problems worthy of consideration in the future. They paint the picture of the field that has a well-established tradition, and remains vibrant and relevant to long-term goals of artificial intelligence.

Download or read book Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 2 written by L.N. Kanal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume is arranged in four sections: Analysis contains papers which compare the attributes of various approaches to uncertainty. Tools provides sufficient information for the reader to implement uncertainty calculations. Papers in the Theory section explain various approaches to uncertainty. The Applications section describes the difficulties involved in, and the results produced by, incorporating uncertainty into actual systems.

Download or read book Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence written by Michael R. Genesereth and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended both as a text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, and as a key reference work for AI researchers and developers, Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence is a lucid, rigorous, and comprehensive account of the fundamentals of artificial intelligence from the standpoint of logic. The first section of the book introduces the logicist approach to AI--discussing the representation of declarative knowledge and featuring an introduction to the process of conceptualization, the syntax and semantics of predicate calculus, and the basics of other declarative representations such as frames and semantic nets. This section also provides a simple but powerful inference procedure, resolution, and shows how it can be used in a reasoning system. The next several chapters discuss nonmonotonic reasoning, induction, and reasoning under uncertainty, broadening the logical approach to deal with the inadequacies of strict logical deduction. The third section introduces modal operators that facilitate representing and reasoning about knowledge. This section also develops the process of writing predicate calculus sentences to the metalevel--to permit sentences about sentences and about reasoning processes. The final three chapters discuss the representation of knowledge about states and actions, planning, and intelligent system architecture. End-of-chapter bibliographic and historical comments provide background and point to other works of interest and research. Each chapter also contains numerous student exercises (with solutions provided in an appendix) to reinforce concepts and challenge the learner. A bibliography and index complete this comprehensive work.

Download or read book Logics in Artificial Intelligence written by Jose Julio Alferes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-09-24 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence, JELIA 2004, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in September 2004. The 52 revised full papers and 15 revised systems presentation papers presented together with the abstracts of 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 169 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on multi-agent systems; logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning; reasoning under uncertainty; logic programming; actions and causation; complexity; description logics; belief revision; modal, spatial, and temporal logics; theorem proving; and applications.

Download or read book Non monotonic Reasoning written by Michael Reinfrank and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lecture notes in artificial intelligence is a subseries of... computer science and has not been given a separate numbering system. This is the proceedings of the Second International Workshop, Grassau, FRG, June 1988. Not indexed. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.

Download or read book ECAI 2010 written by European Coordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LC copy bound in 2 v.: v. 1, p. 1-509; v. 2, p. [509]-1153.

Download or read book Logic Epistemology and the Unity of Science written by Shahid Rahman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-15 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume in this new series explores, through extensive co-operation, new ways of achieving the integration of science in all its diversity. The book offers essays from important and influential philosophers in contemporary philosophy, discussing a range of topics from philosophy of science to epistemology, philosophy of logic and game theoretical approaches. It will be of interest to philosophers, computer scientists and all others interested in the scientific rationality.

Download or read book Logic Programming and Non Monotonic Reasoning written by Lua-S Moniz Pereira and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second in a series of workshops that are bringing together researchers from the theoretical end of both the logic programming and artificial intelligence communities to discuss their mutual interests. This workshop emphasizes the relationship between logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning.Luis' Moniz Pereira is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the Universidade Nova Lisboa, Portugal. Anil Nerode is Professor and Director of the Mathematical Sciences Institute at Cornell University.Topics include: Stable Semantics. Autoepistemic Logic. Abduction. Implementation Issues. Well-founded Semantics. Truth Maintenance. Probabilistic Theories. Applications. Default Logic. Diagnosis. Complexity and Theory. Handling Inconsistency.

Download or read book Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Jon Doyle and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1994 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of KR '94 comprise 55 papers on topics including deduction an search, description logics, theories of knowledge and belief, nonmonotonic reasoning and belief revision, action and time, planning and decision-making and reasoning about the physical world, and the relations between KR

Download or read book PRICAI 2006 Trends in Artificial Intelligence written by Quiang Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-20 with total page 1291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2006, held in Guilin, China in August 2006. The book presents 81 revised full papers and 87 revised short papers together with 3 keynote talks. The papers are organized in topical sections on intelligent agents, automated reasoning, machine learning and data mining, natural language processing and speech recognition, computer vision, perception and animation, and more.

Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Jürgen Dix and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-07-02 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and environment problems have reached such alarming proportions that the very survival of humanity is now subject to critical and unprecedented threats. In its latest report, the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) criticizes Germany's global change research community for its lack of international orientation, its bias towards individual disciplines and for its weaknesses in translating scientific results into a form readily accessible to policymakers. The Council identifies alternatives for restructuring the research landscape, focusing primarily on a new 'Syndrome Approach' for global change research. By applying this tool, scientists can systematically describe and analyze the 'diseases' afflicting the Earth System, and thus elaborate response options.