Download or read book An Analysis of the Effect of Artificial Disc Replacement on the Mechanical Response of the Human Lumbar Spine written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop a simplified, two-dimensional mathematical model of the lumbar spine for the purpose of studying the behavior the lumbar spine when affected by degenerative disc disease. Several hypothetical treatment options, including fusion and different types of artificial disc replacements (ADR) were examined. The cases presented consisted of three one-degree of freedom artificial discs, three two-degrees of freedom artificial discs, one ideal three-degrees of freedom artificial disc, a degenerated disc, a fused disc and a healthy spine. The equations of motion were generated for a healthy lumbar spine using Lagrange's equations and numerically integrated using Matlab®. Results were obtained for all cases at two different levels, L4-L5 and L5-S1 in response to an impulsive force of 100N applied at L3 in the posterior anterior direction. In the 1-DOF ADR cases at the L4-L5 level, the shear ADR performed better than the other two ADR, while at the L5-S1 level, the rotational ADR performed better than the other two ADR, and significantly better than the fused vertebrae case since it matched the behavior of the healthy spine much more closely. All the other 1-DOF ADR provided little or no improvement when compared to the fused case. In the 2-DOF ADR cases, the shear rotational ADR behaved very similarly to the healthy spine when implanted at both levels, L4-L5 and L5-S1, showing a behavior that varied by less than 1% in the posterior anterior direction and flexion extension rotation and less than 10% in the axial displacement when compared to the behavior of a healthy spine. Overall, the results of this thesis indicate that implanting an artificial disc to replace a damaged disc offers more benefits for the spine than fusion since this allows the spine to behave closer to the natural healthy spine, and hence most likely cause less damage to adjacent discs.
Download or read book An Analysis of the Effect of Artificial Disc Replacement on the Mechanical Response of the Human Lumbar Spine written by Antonio Jose Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: mathematica model, lumbar spine, matlab simulation, artificial discs, simplified spine model.
Download or read book Biomechanical Evaluation of Disc Annular Repair Technology in Human Lumbar Spine written by Sarath C. Koruprolu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of pre-operative data on the biomechanical stability of an annular repair device may influence the clinical management of lumbar spine surgery. Having the knowledge of the performance of various annular repair devices can assist in the selection of better choices for treatment. Numerous studies investigated the effect of various implants such as artificial nucleus replacement, repair or annular tears, novel annulus repair devices with full or partial discectomy etc. However, the area of nucleus and annulus repair technology still needs to be further researched upon to devise an alternative disc replacement device that would reduce pain, minimize the restriction of range of motion and decrease the degenerative effects on the adjacent segments. As a first step towards achieving this goal, an implant must be tested under appropriate biomechanical protocols to study its stability during complex physiological motion that is encountered clinically. This study determined the biomechanical performance of a novel annular repair device in an in-vitro in the human cadaveric lumbar spine. The test criterion was to evaluate implant migration during complex cyclic loading, study its effects on the range of motion of the functional spinal segment and intradiscal pressures. The overall stability of the device is studied under extreme physiological impact loading and the finite element analysis of the construct is conducted and compared to the in vitro data. Six human cadaveric lumbar functional spine unit specimens (L2-Sacrum
Download or read book Mechanical Characterization of the Human Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Subjected to Impact Loading Conditions written by David Jamison (IV) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low back pain is a large and costly problem in the United States. Several working populations, such as miners, construction workers, forklift operators, and military personnel, have an increased risk and prevalence of low back pain compared to the general population. This is due to exposure to repeated, transient impact shocks, particularly while operating vehicles or other machinery. These shocks typically do not cause acute injury, but rather lead to pain and injury over time. The major focus in low back pain is often the intervertebral disc, due to its role as the major primary load-bearing component along the spinal column. The formation of a reliable standard for human lumbar disc exposure to repeated transient shock could potentially reduce injury risk for these working populations. The objective of this project, therefore, is to characterize the mechanical response of the lumbar intervertebral disc subjected to sub-traumatic impact loading conditions using both cadaveric and computational models, and to investigate the possible implications of this type of loading environment for low back pain. Axial, compressive impact loading events on Naval high speed boats were simulated in the laboratory and applied to human cadaveric specimen. Disc stiffness was higher and hysteresis was lower than quasi-static loading conditions. This indicates a shift in mechanical response when the disc is under impact loads and this behavior could be contributing to long-term back pain. Interstitial fluid loss and disc height changes were shown to affect disc impact mechanics in a creep study. Neutral zone increased, while energy dissipation and low-strain region stiffness decreased. This suggests that the disc has greater clinical instability during impact loading with progressive creep and fluid loss, indicating that time of day should be considered for working populations subjected to impact loads. A finite element model was developed and validated against cadaver specimen subjected to impacts in the laboratory. Analysis showed greater total von Mises stress and pore pressure in the components of the disc under transient shocks compared to static or quasi-static loading. These findings support the idea that impact shocks cause a change in mechanical response and are potentially damaging to the disc in the long term.
Download or read book The Artificial Disc written by Mario Brock and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Had we ever guessed the historical importance of this day, had we expected the impressive and touching episode of German history that took place on November 9, 1989, had we dared to hope that a dream three decades old would come true on precisely that day, we would have held our symposium in the immediate vicinity of the Branden burg Gate! While it is difficult to describe the atmosphere on that evening, when the news suddenly spread that "the wall had opened", it is almost impossible to describe the feeling of fraternity and sense of belonging that overcame everyone, a feeling that had been repressed (but never suppressed) for three decades! Berlin M. BROCK H. M. MAYER K. WEIGEL Contents Introductory Remarks M. BROCK, H. M. MAYER and K. WEIGEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . Functional Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine R. LOUIS (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . . Implant Materials H. STALLFORTH, W. WINKLER-GNIEWEK and M. UNGETHUM (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . . . . . . Performance of Alloplastic Materials and Design of an Artificial Disc H. J. SCHMITZ, B. KADEN, R. T. FRITZ, U. GROSS and G. FUHRMANN (With 9 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . Intradiscal Implants in 1989: Concepts and Possibilities J . A. N. SHEPPERD (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . Intradiscal Polymerization: Preliminary Results of Chemical and Biomechanical Studies A. GARCIA, B. LAVIGNOLLE, P. MORLIER, D. DUCASSOU and C. BAQUEY (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . Intervertebral Implants for Fixation and Disc Replacement J. A. N. SHEPPERD (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Lumbar Interbody Threaded Prostheses C. D. RAY (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Download or read book Biological Approaches to Spinal Disc Repair and Regeneration for Clinicians written by Roger Härtl and published by Thieme Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human spinal disc : relevant anatomy and physiology / Julien Tremblay-Gravel, Fahad H. Abduljabbar, Jean Ouellet, and Lisbet Haglund -- Pathophysiology of disc disease : disc degeneration / Niloofar Farhang, Joshua Stover, Brandon Lawrence, and Robby D. Bowles -- Imaging of the healthy and diseased spinal disc / Darryl B. Sneag and Hollis G. Potter -- Biomechanics of the healthy and diseased spine / Hans-Joachim Wilke and Fabio Galbusera -- Differences between human and animal discs : pros and cons of current animal models for pre-clinical development of biologic therapies for low back pain / Jeffrey C. Lotz -- Grading scales for disc degeneration and regeneration : clinical and experimental / Peter Grunert -- Disc regeneration : in vitro approaches and experimental results / John T. Martin, Harvey E. Smith, Lachlan J. Smith, and Robert L. Mauck -- Intervertebral disc whole organ cultures / Marianna Peroglio, Zhen Li, Lorin Michael Benneker, Mauro Alini, and Sibylle Grad -- Biological treatment approaches : basic ideas and principles / Victor Y. Leung and Kenneth M. Cheung -- Learning from successes of tissue engineered strategies in non-spine cartilaginous disorders / Stephen Sloan and Lawrence J. Bonassar -- Treatment and of degenerative disc disease and disc regeneration : proteins and genes / Daisuke Sakai and Jordy Schol -- Treatment of degenerated disc disease/disc regeneration : growth factors and platelet-rich plasma / Koichi Masuda and Kenji Kato -- Treatment of degenerated disc disease/disc regeneration : stem cells, chondrocytes or other cells, and tissue engineering / Steven Presciutti and Howard An -- Nucleus replacement and repair : autologous disc chondrocyte transplantation / Christian Hohaus, Timothy Ganey, and Hans Jörg Meisel -- Annulus fibrosus repair / Olivia M. Torre, Michelle A. Cruz, Andrew C. Hecht, and James C. Iatridis -- Summary of clinical trials with biological treatment approaches for spinal disease / Gernot Lang, Ibrahim Hussain, Micaella Zubkov, Yu Moriguchi, Brenton Pennicooke, and Roger Härtl -- Total disc transplantation : current results and future development / Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Dike Ruan, and Keith D.K. Luk -- What have we learned from mechanical total disc replacement? / Timothy T. Roberts, Colin M. Haines, and Edward C. Benzel -- Regulatory overview : obtaining regulatory approval of a biologic/cell product / Michaela H. Purcell, Penny J. White, H. Davis Adkisson -- What makes biological treatment strategies and tissue engineering for ddd interesting to industry? / Hassan Serhan, Elliott A. Gruskin, and William C. Horton -- What will the future bring? : perspectives from around the world / Tony Goldschlager, Claudius Thome, Howard An, and Luiz Vialle
Download or read book Stiffness written by Edward R. S. Ross and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the development of artificial disc technology for the replacement of intervertebral discs in the human lumbar spine. The clinical problem is back pain. There may be a relationship between certain forms of back pain and disc degeneration. The mechanical properties of human intervertebral discs are examined in detail. The genetic basis of disc degeneration is presented. The hypothesis is that such degeneration leads to a loss of normal stiffness in the segments affected leading to abnormal mechanical behaviour which in turn leads to pain. The evidence for this is presented. The development of surgical solutions to relieve back pain, from fusion through first generation mechanical artificial discs to elastomeric designs, is traced. The author's personal contributions to this area of knowledge are set out. The appreciation of the requirement for a restoration of physiological stiffness is argued throughout, showing where fusion and first generation discs have not met the clinical aim of pain relief, because they have not restored physiological stiffness. The path to an elastomeric, viscoelastic, polyhydrocarbon, rubber solution in the form of the "Freedom"disc has filled 17 years of the author's academic pursuits. It will be shown that this technology may represent a possible solution to the clinical problem. Failure is part of all new advancement and this too is presented, to show how that has influenced thinking, producing original ideas to overcome these failures. Providing lessons are learned from these failures then our patients in the future will benefit.
Download or read book Spinal Instability written by Robert N.N. Holtzman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, world authorities on spinal surgery from the fields of Neurosurgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, and Neuroscience present current data on the basic science and clinical management of the unstable spine. Unique to this book: a frank presentation of controversies in the field.
Download or read book Tribological Performance of Artificial Joints written by Amir Kamali and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joint replacement is a very successful medical treatment. However, the survivorship of the implants could be adversely affected due to the loss of materials in the form of particles or ions as the bearing surfaces articulate against earch other. The consequent tissue and immune response to the wear products, remain one of the key factors of their failure. Tribology has been defined as the science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion and all related wear products (e.g., particles, ions, etc.). Over the last few decades, in an attempt to understand and improve joint replacement technology, the tribological performance of several material combinations have been studied experimentally and assessed clinically. In addition, research has focused on the biological effects and long term consequences of wear products. Improvements have been made in manufacturing processes, precision engineering capabilities, device designs and materials properties in order to minimize wear and friction and maximize component longevity in vivo. This book investigates the in vivo and in vitro performance of the orthopaedic implants and their advanced bearings. Contributions are solicited from the researchers working in the field of biotribology and bioengineering
Download or read book Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine and Sacrum written by Nikolai Bogduk and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bogduk aims to provide a foundation of knowledge upon which an understanding of the various treatment and therapy techniques of the different specialities involved can be built. This edition includes discussion of the sacrum and sacro-iliac joint.
Download or read book The Intervertebral Disc written by Irving M. Shapiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-02 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intervertebral disc is a complex structure that separates opposing vertebrae, permits a wide range of motion, and accommodates high biomechanical forces. Disc degeneration leads to a loss of function and is often associated with excruciating pain. Written by leading scientists and clinicians, the first part of the book provides a review of the basic biology of the disc in health and disease. The second part considers strategies to mitigate the effects of disc degeneration and discusses the possibility of engineering replacement tissues. The final section is devoted to approaches to model normal development and elucidate the pathogenesis of degenerative disc disease using animal, organ and cell culture techniques. The book bridges the gap between the basic and clinical sciences; the target audience includes basic scientists, orthopaedists and neurologists, while at the same time appealing to the needs of graduate students, medical students, interns and fellows.
Download or read book Textbook of Surgical Management of Lumbar Disc Herniation written by PS Ramani and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2013-12-30 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low back pain and sciatica may often be attributed to herniation of the lumbar intervertebral disc. This book is a comprehensive guide to surgical procedures for the management of lumbar disc herniation. Divided into seven sections, the first few chapters discuss historical aspects and basics, and radiological investigations. The following section provides in depth coverage surgical techniques for different lumbar spine disorders. Each procedure is described step by step, with intraoperative photographs and diagrams helping to explain the methodology. The final sections examine complications and follow up. This invaluable manual is authored by internationally acclaimed spinal surgeons, and is commissioned by the World Federation of Neurological Societies (WFNS). Key points Comprehensive guide to surgical procedures for management of lumbar disc herniation Covers procedures for numerous associated disorders Authored by internationally acclaimed spinal surgeons Commissioned by WFNS
Download or read book Spine Technology Handbook written by Steven M. Kurtz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-08-24 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, there has been rapid growth in bioengineering applications in the field of spine implants. Spine Technology Handbook explains the technical foundation for understanding and expanding the field of spine implants, reviews the major established technologies related to spine implants, and provides reference material for developing and commercializing new spine implants. The editors, who have a track record of collaboration and editing technical books, provide a unified approach to this topic in the most comprehensive and useful book to date. Related website provides the latest information on spine technology including articles and research papers on the latest technology and development Major technologies reviewed include devices used for fusion (screws, plates, rods, and cages), disc repair and augmentation, total disc replacement, and vertebral body repair and augmentation Technology landscape, review of published/public domain data currently available, and safety and efficacy of technology discussed in detail
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Aging Soft Tissues written by Brian Derby and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the structure and mechanics of aging soft tissues, this edited volume presents authoritative reviews from leading experts on a range of tissues including skin, tendons, vasculature and plantar soft tissues. It provides an overview of in vivo and in vitro measurement techniques including state-of-the-art methodologies, as well as focusing on the structural changes that occur within the main components of these tissues resulting in detrimental mechanical property changes. It also highlights the current challenges of this field, and offers an insight into future developments. Age-related changes in the mechanical properties of soft tissues have a profound effect on human morbidity and mortality, and with changing global demographics, there is growing interest in this area. There has been increasing interest in robustly characterizing these mechanical changes to develop structure-property relationships, and growing awareness of the need for enhanced predictive models for computational simulations. This book seeks to address the challenges involved in applying these engineering techniques to reliably characterize these tissues. Focusing on a wide range of tissues and presenting cutting-edge techniques, this book provides an invaluable reference to academics and researchers in a range of disciplines including biomechanics, materials science, tissue engineering, life sciences and biomedicine.
Download or read book Benzel s Spine Surgery E Book written by Michael P. Steinmetz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 2507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the latest edition of Benzel’s Spine Surgery, renowned neurosurgery authority Dr. Edward C. Benzel, along with new editor Dr. Michael P. Steinmetz, deliver the most up-to-date information available on every aspect of spine surgery. Improved visuals and over 100 brand-new illustrations enhance your understanding of the text, while 26 new chapters cover today's hot topics in the field. A must-have resource for every neurosurgeon and orthopedic spine surgeon, Benzel's Spine Surgery provides the expert, step-by-step guidance required for successful surgical outcomes. Glean essential, up-to-date information in one comprehensive reference that explores the full spectrum of techniques used in spine surgery. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, videos, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Covers today's hot topics in spine surgery, such as pelvic parameters in planning for lumbar fusion; minimally invasive strategies for the treatment of tumors and trauma of the spine; and biologics and stem cells. A total of 18 intraoperative videos allow you to hone your skills and techniques. New editor Michael P. Steinmetz brings fresh insights and improvements to the text. Features the addition of 26 chapters, including: -Biologics in Spine Fusion Surgery -Endoscopic and Transnasal Approaches to the Craniocervical Junction -Cellular Injection Techniques for Discogenic Pain -Minimally Invasive Techniques for Thoracolumbar Deformity -Spinal Cord Herniation and Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak -MIS Versus Open Spine Surgery Extensive revisions to many of the existing chapters present all of the most up-to-date information available on every aspect of spine surgery. Improved visuals and over 100 brand-new illustrations enhance learning and retention.
Download or read book Clinical Efficacy and Outcome in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain written by James N. Weinstein and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1992 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
